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高分辨的弹性反冲探测分析技术 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在中国原子能科学研究院HI-13串列加速器上建立了一套高分辨的弹性反冲探测分析技术,用高质量的127I重离子束轰击薄膜或块材靶样品,利用Q3D磁谱仪及其焦面探测器和纵向型双向型双电离室ΔE-E望远镜探测器两套探测系统,在前角区测量了靶中各种元素的反冲能谱,利用卢瑟福散射截离子在靶材料中的阻止本领,将能谱转换成元素的深度分布,利用Q3D磁谱仪系统,对C和H等轻元素的分析得到纳米级的深度分频谱,用ΔE-E望远镜探测器可同时得到靶材料上从轻至中重各种元素的深度分布,其深度分辨率达0-30nm。 相似文献
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弹性反冲探测分析技术(ERDA)对轻元素的测定具有灵敏度高、包含深度信息的优势,因此在材料氦行为研究中发挥着重要作用。镍基哈氏N合金被认为是未来熔盐堆的结构材料,氦脆是其服役性能下降的主要因素之一。利用掠入射模式的ERDA,解析了哈氏N合金样品中的氦原子浓度及其分布,但仅局限于0~175 nm深度范围内。结果表明:在800℃的退火条件下,距离样品辐照表面~33 nm深度区域内,出现了氦原子逃逸现象。更高温度的退火(1 050℃)可加剧氦原子的逃逸,但样品中仍有氦原子滞留。另外,采用透射式的ERDA,极大地扩大了对氦原子分析的深度范围,得到了纯镍薄膜在0~950 nm深度区域内的氦原子浓度分布。这表明将块体材料制备成薄膜样品,利用透射模式的ERDA,将可以得到氦原子在更大范围内的扩散、逃逸行为。Since the elastic recoil detection analysis (ERDA) technique has the advantages of high sensitivity and deep information in analyzing the light elements, it plays an important role in the study of helium behavior in materials. Helium embrittlement is one of the main reasons for the degradation of the Hastelloy N alloy, which has been considered as the promising candidate structural material for the further molten salt reactor. In this work, the profile of helium concentrationin sample of Hastelloy N alloy was analyzed by ERDA experiments applying grazing-incidence geometry. However, the result was limited within the depth range of 0~175 nm, and it shown that helium atoms escaped in the range from the irradiated surface of the sample to the depth of ~33 nm when annealing the sample at 800℃ The annealing at higher temperature (1 050℃) increased the escape of helium atoms, but a small fraction of helium atoms still trapped in the sample. In addition, the profile of helium concentration was obtained in the helium-irradiated pure nickel film in the depth range of 0~950 nm, using the ERDA experiments in transmission geometry. This indicates that the diffusion behavior of helium atoms in bulk samples can be completely obtained using the ERDA experiments in tranmission geometry if the bulk material can be prepared into a thin film sample. 相似文献
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采用直流磁控溅射方法制备含氢氦的锆膜,利用中子反射和弹性反冲探测两种方法分别对样品中的氢、氦分布以及浓度进行表征,并探究了不同温度退火处理后H、He的变化.实验结果表明:中子反射与弹性反冲探测两种方法的表征结果具有很好的一致性,H、He在锆层中近似均匀分布,氦浓度与溅射的He/Ar比成正比. 300℃退火处理1 h后,样品中的H从Zr层向外迁移和释放,且这种现象随退火温度升高到500℃时更加明显. 相似文献
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介绍在中国原子能科学研究院HI-13串列加速器上,对α-Si1-xCx:H薄膜样品进行弹性反冲探测分析的方法和结果.用该加速器提供的高品质^127Ⅰ束流轰击α-Si1-xCx:H薄膜材料样品,用△E(gas)一E(PSD)望远镜探测器,在前角区(30。角)测量从该样品中反冲的各元素的能谱.然后用离子束分析(IBA)程序SIMNRA对能谱进行拟合,得到样品中H,C和Si的比分及深度分布.Elastic recoil detection analysis of α-Si_(1-x)C_(x)∶H foils has been performed at the HI-13 tandem accelerator of CIAE. High quality~(127)I beam bombards the target of α -Si_(1-x)C_(x)∶H_( ) thin film. A ΔE(gas)-(E(PSD)) telescope was used to measure the energy spectra of all elements recoiled from the samples at the angle of 30° in laboratory system. Components of H, C and Si and the profiles were obtained by simulation of the energy spectra using the program SIMNRA calculation. 相似文献
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机载激光3D探测成像是通过激光主动成像产生目标的角-角-距、角-角-速度3D图像的一种新的探测成像技术。本文重点阐述了机载激光3D探测成像系统的原理、功能和系统的组成。介绍了该系统在军事和民用两大领域的应用,详细地讨论了近几年机载激光3D探测成像技术的国内外发展现状及动态,总结了该项技术的发展方向。认为国外的机载激光3D探测系统正向远距离、高分辨率、轻量化、低功耗、高实时性和人眼安全方向发展,而目前国内的相关研究仍处于实验室阶段,与国外相比还存在一定差距。文章最后以用户需求为例,从设计的角度对机载激光3D探测成像系统进行了分析,讨论了该系统在测距机制、扫描机构、探测器、数据处理和显示等方面的处理。 相似文献
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李二涛 李志宏 李云居 郭冰 颜胜权 苏俊 曾晟 王友宝 连钢 刘建成 甘林 樊启文 李鑫悦 苏毅 马田丽 罗奇 胡世鹏 郝昕 孙慧斌 谌阳平 周勇 韩治宇 裴常进 柳卫平 《原子核物理评论》2017,34(3):446-449
核谱因子描述了单粒子轨道中核子的占有状态,在核结构和核天体物理中有重要的应用。目前国际上10Be中子谱因子的研究结果存在3倍左右的差异。本实验利用中国原子能科学研究院HI-13串列加速器的高灵敏度Q3D磁谱仪,对13C(9Be,10Be)12C反应角分布进行了精确测量。通过实验数据和扭曲波玻恩近似(DWBA)计算结果进行比较,导出了10Be的中子谱因子。该结果与转动不变壳模型理论及曾敏尔等的评价结果基本一致。利用该结果可以得到9Be(n,γ)10Be的天体物理反应率,评价该反应在相关天体环境中对CNO循环种子核12C的影响,为核结构和核天体物理提供可靠数据。Spectroscopic factor describes the overlap between the initial and final states and gives some information on the occupancy of a given single-particle orbiting around nuclear. It plays an important role in a variety of topics on nuclear structure and nuclear astrophysics. Nowadays, several experiments have been performed to study the neutron spectroscopic factor of 10Be, but the results have a big difference with each other. In order to clarify this discrepancy, new measurement is highly needed. In this work, the angular distribution of 13C(9Be,10Be)12C reaction was measured at the Q3D magnetic spectrometer of the HI-13 tandem accelerator, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing. And then, the neutron spectroscopic factor of 10Be was derived by normalizing the calculational differential cross-sections with the distorted-wave Born approximation to the experimental data. The present value is in good agreement with that obtained by Tsang et al. and also in good agreement with that derived from translationary invariant shell model calculation. One can use this result to calculate the 9Be(n, γ)10Be reaction rates and calculate its influence to the production of 12C. 相似文献
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An ordered structure of noncohesive spherical beads constitutes a phononic crystal. This type of media combines the properties of wave propagation in phononic crystals (dispersion due to the geometrical periodicity) with the properties of wave propagation in granular media (nonlinearities, rotational degree of freedom) and gives the opportunity to have interesting features as tunable frequency band gaps for example.In this work, the acoustic bulk modes of a hexagonal close packed (hcp) structure of beads, considered as rigid masses connected by springs, are theoretically evaluated and their associated resonance frequencies are compared to experimental results. When friction is neglected, the elastic interaction between the beads are reduced to a normal spring interaction given by the Hertz theory. According to this theory, the rigidity of the contact depends on its static loading. The theory predicts the existence of elastic transverse and longitudinal acoustical-type modes and transverse and longitudinal optical-type modes.The acoustic transfer function of a hcp crystal slab built with stainless steel beads is measured and its resonance frequencies are compared to the theoretical predictions. Despite some differences between theory and experiments, which could come for instance from the disordered character of the contact loads, the developed theory and the experimental results show relatively good agreement. 相似文献
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针对高时空分辨的设计要求,分析影响条纹相机中条纹变像管的物理时间弥散、技术时间弥散和扫描电路触发晃动的因素,优化设计了行波偏转前置磁透镜聚焦的条纹变像管系统.利用CST仿真软件研究了行波偏转器内部的时变电磁场分布,计算了行波偏转器内电磁波的传播速度.结果表明,行波偏转器的指长为8mm、指宽为1mm、指间距为0.24mm、管脚长为2.5mm、板厚为1mm及总长度为17.12mm时,实现了电子团的飞行速度与扫描电脉冲沿行波偏转器的传输速度的匹配.采用电子追迹法和瑞利判据分析了条纹变像管的动态时间和空间特性,得到单次扫描动态时间分辨率为200fs、同步扫描时间分辨率为208fs、动态空间分辨率优于20lp/mm. 相似文献
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基于反/折射球面罗兰圆建模和宽波段Dyson象散校正方法,解释了大相对孔径高光谱分辨率的Dyson光谱成像系统存在的大工作距设计难题。从工作距的角度,比较了已有文献中报道的三种Dyson光谱成像系统改进思路。在大工作距要求下,采取第一种思路,即在传统型Dyson光谱成像系统结构基础上,引入球面弯月透镜和平面-非球面透镜。建立了平面-非球面校正透镜的三阶像差模型,给出了改进型Dyson光谱成像系统。设计结果表明:改进型Dyson光谱成像系统具有12mm工作距,F/1.8相对孔径,在0.38~0.9μm谱段范围内光谱分辨率约为0.45nm,以及接近衍射极限的优良成像性质,MTF在全波段全视场100lp·mm~(-1)线处大于0.7,最大像面均方根值半径小于1.2μm。同时,系统的Smile(谱线弯曲)和Keystone(色畸变)得到了很好的控制,保证了获取光谱数据的一致性。改进型Dyson光谱成像系统具有大相对孔径和高光谱分辨率的特点,而且系统焦平面探测器和系统入射狭缝两者的彼此间隙位置合适,易于装配。解决了传统型Dyson光谱成像系统实际应用中工作距不足的问题,可为大气遥感、农林调查、海洋生物等领域的高光谱成像信息探测提供一个新型的高光谱成像系统,对光谱成像系统的发展具有良好的促进意义。 相似文献
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微小型光栅光谱仪光学系统的特点与光谱分辨率的提高 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
微小型光谱仪的设计制作可以采用多种方法,其结构特点和光谱分辨率也各不相同,目前实用高光谱分辨率微小型光谱仪采用的是光栅色散型光学系统.简要回顾了微小型光谱仪的发展过程,分析了典型的光栅色散型微小型光谱仪采用的光学系统,如基于罗兰圆的光学系统,基于Czerny-Turner的光学系统的特点,总结了提高微小型光栅光谱仪光谱分辨率采用的方法和技术,特别是解决光谱仪的微小型化和光谱分辨率之间的矛盾以及测量光谱范围和光谱分辨率之间的矛盾的方法,从而为新型微小型光谱仪的研制提供经验和借鉴. 相似文献
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