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1.
自从1995年Mathies[1]首次将微流控芯片毛细管凝胶电泳用于基因测序研究以来,DNA片段的分离已成为微流控芯片应用的重要领域之一.最早应用于DNA分析的微流控芯片是玻璃芯片,聚合物微流控芯片以其品种多、成本低、易于加工,与玻璃芯片相比具有封接温度大大降低,微通道内电渗流显著减小等特点,已被成功应用于DNA片段的分离[2,3].  相似文献   

2.
用于毛细管电泳DNA分离的合成聚合物*   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
王前  许旭 《化学进展》2003,15(4):275-287
毛细管电泳的无胶筛分方法在DNA片段分离、DNA 测序方面取得了显著的成绩并已成功应用于人类基因组计划.该法是在毛细管柱中充入一定浓度和组成的线性高分子溶液,利用其对样品组分电泳迁移时的阻滞作用,按分子量大小对DNA等生物大分子进行筛分分离分析.因此,聚合物筛分介质的类型、组成和性质会显著影响分离效果.近年来,由于受到基因组计划的影响,出现了许多用于DNA片段分离和DNA测序的水溶性高分子聚合物,并取得很大进展.本文按照均聚物和共聚物的分类,综述了作为筛分介质的各种合成聚合物及其应用效果,并简要介绍了有关的筛分理论和分离的评价指标.  相似文献   

3.
研究了一种新型丙烯酸酯 (E)-2-乙氧基乙基-2-氰基-3-((4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)苄基)氨基)-3-甲氧基丙烯酸酯(MAZ)对超螺旋pUC19 DNA的定点切割作用。利用紫外吸收、荧光光谱、凝胶电泳和DNA测序技术研究其核酸切割特异性。紫外吸收光谱的红移和减色效应,以及静态荧光淬灭表明MAZ与DNA的作用属于典型的插入模式。不仅如此,凝胶电泳条带的变化以及DNA测序结果表明DNA的定点切割是通过DNA双链的分步水解完成。  相似文献   

4.
毛细管阵列电泳与规模化DNA测序   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
甄志成  姚志建 《色谱》2001,19(4):361-364
 根据 10 0 80份基因组DNA测序的结果 ,讨论了毛细管阵列电泳测序方法的技术特点 ,并对影响测序结果的一些因素进行了分析。在此基础上与平板凝胶电泳方法进行比较 ,显示了毛细管阵列电泳的优点。同时也对大规模测序技术环节之间的协调进行了探讨 。  相似文献   

5.
基于磁性纳米球在微流控芯片上的侧向磁泳,利用微流控芯片分选了不同磁响应性的磁球.提出了包含磁性纳米球聚集与偏移的理论模型,用于分析磁球在芯片上的侧向位移.在理论分析的基础上设计了芯片系统,使不同磁响应性的磁纳米球可以在芯片系统上依次被分选.实验结果表明,2种磁性纳米球的分选效率均可接受,且实验操作简单;磁响应性强的磁球可被完全分离,这对于珍贵分析样品的分选很有价值.该分选系统被成功用于同时分选样品中乙型肝炎病毒的DNA与丙型肝炎病毒的反转录DNA,在生化分析中具有广阔的应用前景.  相似文献   

6.
近年来,随着微流控芯片分析技术的兴起,微芯片电泳技术在DNA片段的分离和测序方面的应用也越来越频繁.利用微流控芯片较为成熟的加工技术,建立可以应用于基因测序方面的DNA片段的分离方法研究具有积极意义.  相似文献   

7.
研究了一种新型丙烯酸酯(E)-2-氰基-3-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-苄氨基]-3-甲氧基-丙烯酸2-乙氧基乙酯(MAE)对超螺旋pUC19 DNA的定点切割作用。利用紫外吸收、荧光光谱、凝胶电泳和DNA测序技术研究其核酸切割特异性。紫外吸收光谱的红移和减色效应,以及静态荧光猝灭表明MAE与DNA的作用属于典型的插入模式。不仅如此,凝胶电泳条带的变化以及DNA测序结果表明DNA的定点切割是通过DNA双链的分步水解完成。  相似文献   

8.
在磷酸盐缓冲溶液中用1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺(EDC)与N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺(NHS)活化羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC)侧链上的羧基; 在室温下再将活化的CMC与5'端经氨基修饰的单链脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)齐聚物(ODNs)反应, 获得CMC上接枝ODNs的共聚物(CMC-g-ODNs), 以Lambda DNA为模板, 通过聚合酶链式反应(PCR), 将接枝的ODNs扩增为长度为1300个碱基对的双链DNA, 从而制得CMC侧链上接枝DNA的共聚物CMC-g-DNA. 采用傅里叶红外光谱仪测定CMC与NHS形成的中间体; 用水平式琼脂糖凝胶电泳和垂直板变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳对CMC-g-DNA接枝共聚物进行表征. 结果表明, 合成了CMC-g-DNA接枝共聚物, 且在酸性条件下CMC的活化效果更好; 同时, 接枝在CMC上的DNA在琼脂糖凝胶电泳中迁移速率加快, 而在聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳中迁移速率减慢.  相似文献   

9.
天然植物体中与稀土元素结合的DNA   总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10  
利用分子活化分析方法 ,初步研究了稀土矿区植物铁芒萁叶中稀土元素(REE)与核酸的结合状态 .铁芒萁叶经过提取和生化分离纯化后 ,得到了与稀土元素结合的DNA(REE DNA) .用紫外光谱法鉴定DNA的纯度 ;用考马斯亮兰G 2 5 0光度法测定DNA中的蛋白质 ;并用琼脂糖凝胶电泳分离和检测DNA .同时 ,用仪器中子活化法 (INAA)测定了REE DNA中 8个稀土元素 (La ,Ce ,Nd ,Sm ,Eu ,Tb ,Yb ,Lu)的含量 .研究结果表明 ,用本生化分离流程及琼脂糖凝胶电泳可从铁芒萁叶中提取出纯度比较高的REE DNA ,并证明了稀土元素与DNA的结合是紧密的 .由琼脂糖凝胶电泳图谱可在分子量 2 2kb处得到一条清晰的REE DNA谱带  相似文献   

10.
本文报道家蚕核多角体病毒基因组DNA经限制性内切酶SalI酶解,琼脂糖凝胶电泳分离,得0.70至 10.0kb大小不同的29种片段.所得 DNA片段与 SalI酶解之质粒pBR 322 DNA进行体外重组后,经转化大肠杆菌 HB 101菌株,获得带重组质粒克隆株.根据重组质粒DNA 中SalI酶插八片段的分子量、Southern法DNA杂交及多种限制性内切酶酶切点等方法鉴定,证明已将家蚕核多角体病毒DNA的24种不同大小的片段克隆在质粒 pBR 322 中.克隆的 DNA片段总长度占病毒基因组DNA的百分之八十。  相似文献   

11.
用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.  相似文献   

12.
Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.  相似文献   

13.
In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.  相似文献   

14.
The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.  相似文献   

15.
The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.  相似文献   

16.
KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.  相似文献   

17.
The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.  相似文献   

18.
A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.  相似文献   

19.
Zhanhui Yang  Shiyi Yang  Jiaxi Xu 《Tetrahedron》2017,73(23):3240-3248
Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp3)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.  相似文献   

20.
A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.  相似文献   

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