赭曲霉毒素A的研究进展

赭曲霉毒素A(Ochratoxin A,OTA)是一种常见的真菌毒素,广泛存在于大麦、小麦、玉米、啤酒、香料和中药等食物中。OTA具有肾毒性、致畸、致癌、遗传毒性和免疫毒性,对人类的健康具有极大的威胁。本文就OTA的污染情况、限量标准、分析技术和防控降解进行综述。     

构建电化学适配体传感器快速检测中药材中的赭曲霉毒素A

利用壳聚糖（CS）、还原氧化石墨烯（rGO）与氮掺杂多壁碳纳米管（N-MWCNTs）合成N-MWCNTs-rGO-CS复合材料,制备修饰电极,结合赭曲霉毒素A(OTA)的特异性适配体,构建高灵敏度电化学生物传感器,并用于中药中OTA的含量测定。在最优条件下,峰电流变化值与OTA浓度对数值的线性响应范围为2.3 pmol/L～2.3 nmol/L,检测限为0.53 pmol/L。应用该方法对中药饮片中OTA的含量进行加标回收实验,回收率在97.6%～103.2%之间。该方法有望用于中药材中OTA污染的快速检测。     

基于电化学传感器检测赭曲霉毒素A的研究进展

赭曲霉毒素A(Ochratoxin A,OTA)是一种由赭曲霉、青霉菌等真菌产生的次级代谢产物,在自然界分布广泛,具有肝毒性、肾毒性、致癌、致突变作用.鉴于其危害的严重性和污染的广泛性,发展高灵敏度的OTA检测技术引起了研究者的广泛关注.该文阐述了近年来新型电化学传感技术在OTA检测方面的发展及应用,全面综述了目前OT...     

量子点荧光共振能量转移检测赭曲霉毒素A

基于量子点与荧光猝灭基团之间构成的荧光共振能量转移体系,以量子点标记赭曲霉毒素A适配体与荧光猝灭基团标记的补体杂交构成荧光传感探针,当有赭曲霉毒素A存在时,由于其适配体与赭曲霉毒素A的高度亲和作用,使传感探针上结合的荧光猝灭剂减少,荧光增强,从而建立了一种检测赭曲霉毒素A的荧光分析方法.该方法简单、快速、特异性强,在适...     

赭曲霉毒素A的电化学适体传感检测

赭曲霉毒素A （OTA）是一类主要由曲霉属和青霉属等真菌产生的小分子有毒次级代谢产物,广泛存在于食品、农产品和动物饲料中,具有强烈肝毒性、肾毒性、致畸和致突变等作用,亦是ⅡB类致癌物。鉴于OTA污染的普遍性和危害性,本文就目前OTA的常用检测方法进行概述和比较,重点阐述新型电化学适体传感技术在OTA检测方面的相关应用。全面综述了构型变换型、亲合型以及混合型OTA电化学适体传感器的原理、优缺点及最新研究进展,并对OTA电化学适体传感器的未来发展方向提出展望,为电化学适体传感器的深入研究与应用提供参考。     

液相色谱-串联质谱法测定宠物食品中赭曲霉毒素A和B

建立了同时测定宠物食品中赭曲霉毒素A和B的液相色谱-串联质谱分析方法。样品经乙腈/水(1∶1,V/V)提取,HLB固相萃取柱净化。采用Agilent ZOBRAX C_(18)柱(150×2.1mm,5μm)分离,以0.1%甲酸水溶液-乙腈作为流动相,梯度洗脱。目标化合物在多反应监测模式(MRM)下进行检测,外标法定量。在优化的条件下,赭曲霉毒素A和B在0.1~10.0ng·mL~(-1)范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数均不低于0.9993,方法定量限分别为0.1μg·kg~(-1)和0.05μg·kg~(-1)。方法平均回收率为78.3%~107.5%,相对标准偏差不大于9.5%。该方法前处理简单、选择性好、灵敏度高,可用于宠物食品中赭曲霉毒素A和B的测定。     

光学适配体传感器检测赭曲霉毒素A的研究进展

赭曲霉毒素A(Ochratoxin A,OTA)是真菌产生的次级代谢产物,性质稳定,不易去除,人体摄入后将产生严重的健康危害。数十年来,核酸适配体不断发展,成为生物传感器的重要识别元件之一,适体传感器被广泛用于生物、医药、疾病等分析检测。本文总结了用于检测OTA的经典方法和基于核酸适配体的生物传感器方法,并主要从光学适配体传感器方面阐述了近年用于检测赭曲霉毒素A的适配体传感器,并对其进行了总结和展望。     

光学适配体传感器检测赭曲霉毒素A的应用进展

赭曲霉毒素A(OTA)是由曲霉和青霉产生的一种真菌毒素,具有强烈的肝肾毒性,并有致畸、致癌的危害。OTA广泛存在于如小麦、玉米、咖啡、葡萄等谷物及食品中,严重危害人类健康。鉴于其危害的严重性和分布的广泛性,发展方便快捷、高灵敏度的OTA检测技术具有重要意义。目前检测OTA的方法有薄层色谱法、高效液相色谱法、荧光分析法及酶联免疫吸附测定法等,这些方法通常成本高、操作复杂且费时。光学适配体传感器发展迅速,在OTA检测领域表现出巨大优势,因此综述了荧光型（包括标记型和免标记型）、比色型、化学发光型以及其他类型（表面等离子体共振、侧向层析、表面增强拉曼散射型）光学适配体传感器检测OTA的原理、性能及在2011-2023年间的相关应用,并对方法面临的问题进行了总结以及未来的的发展趋势进行了展望（引用文献81篇）。     

多功能柱净化-高效液相色谱法检测麦类中赭曲霉毒素A

本文提出了一种采用高效液相色谱/荧光检测法(HPLC/FLD)测定麦类样品中赭曲霉毒素A的方法.样品经V(乙腈):V(水)=84:16提取,多功能柱净化,C18色谱柱(4.6×250 mm,5μm)分离,V(水):V(乙腈):V(乙酸)=102:96:2作流动相,流速1.0 mL/min.结果表明,标准工作液在浓度1.0～50.0μg/L范围内,峰面积与浓度成良好的线性关系,线性相关系数＞0.9999,样品在3.0,10.0,50.0 ng/g添加水平的回收率为60%～85%,相对标准偏差为7.9%～8.8%(n=8),方法检出限为3.0 ng/g(S/N＞10).本法快速、准确、操作简单,可满足大批麦类样品的检测需要.     

用于赭曲霉毒素A检测的电化学适配体生物传感器的研究进展

赭曲霉毒素(Ochratoxin)是一类主要由曲霉菌和青霉菌产生的次生代谢产物,其中赭曲霉毒素A(OTA)的毒性最强。OTA相当稳定,常规的食品加工难以去除,若摄入受OTA污染的食品或药物会对人类造成严重的危害。实现对OTA的灵敏和快速检测是及早发现和处置OTA污染的关键。近年来,核酸适配体因其独特的优点,被作为抗体的替代物用于构建OTA电化学生物传感器。本文介绍了经典的OTA检测方法和基于适配体的电化学生物传感检测方法,从OTA电化学适配体传感器的适配体优化、新型材料应用以及生物信号放大技术的应用等三个方面总结了该生物传感技术的研究现状,并对其未来的发展进行了展望。     

Ochratoxin A survey in Portuguese wine by LC-FD with direct injection

Wine and grape juices were identified as one of the most important sources of ochratoxin A (OTA), a mycotoxin with diverse toxic effects that naturally appears in food and foodstuffs all over the world.The aim of this study was to assess the OTA levels in Portuguese wines through the application of a simple and accurate method based on liquid chromatography (LC) with direct injection, followed by fluorescence detection (FD).Randomly selected wine samples were used to evaluate the performance of direct injection as efficient, fast, inexpensive and safe sample preparation method. The proposed method was successfully validated. The limit of quantification (LOQ) was 1.0 μg/L and OTA recoveries from wine samples, spiked at the three fortification levels, were higher than 85.4%, with RSDs lower than 9.6% for both red and white wines. The presence of OTA was confirmed by methyl ester derivatization followed by LC analysis.Data on OTA levels were obtained for 60 Portuguese red and white wine samples. OTA was found in 12 samples, nine (26%) red wine samples and three (12%) white wine samples. Only one red wine sample and one white wine sample presented a contamination level above the LOQ, with 1.23 and 2.4 μg/L, respectively. It should be pointed out that this white wine sample exceeded the EC maximum permitted level of 2.0 μg/L. The safe dose established as 120 ng/kg body weight/week was not exceeded by the weekly intake estimated for the samples contaminated above the LOQ.     

Highly Sensitive Impedimetric Biosensor Based on Thermolysin Immobilized on a GCE Modified with AuNP-decorated Graphene for the Detection of Ochratoxin A

The fabrication of a thermolysin-based biosensor capable of detecting ochratoxin A (OTA) from food samples is described. The electrochemical deposition of calcium cross-linked cellulose film (CCLC) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on graphene (GR) for modification of a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) is the first step. Then the thermolysin (TLN) enzyme in a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/polyethylenimine (PEI) matrix is immobilized. The impedimetric biosensor response is linear from 0.2 nM to 100 nM with a detection limit of 0.2 nM. The obtained stable and reproducible biosensor is then applied for the detection of OTA in spiked extracts from coffee beans.     

Organometallic Au(III) Based Electrochemical Sensor with Wide Anodic Potential Window for Sensitive and Selective Detection of Ochratoxin A

Herein, an organometallic Au(III) catalyst was easily prepared via self-assembly method using chloroauric acid (HAuCl₄) and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). The electrode fabricated by the catalyst not only shows extended anodic potential window compared to that of Au nanoparticle-based electrode, but also possess the high electrocatalytic activity in the selective oxidation of Ochratoxin A. Under optimized conditions, the modified electrode exhibits a wide linearity range from 1.0×10⁻⁷ to 1.0×10⁻⁵ mol/L and a low detection limit of 2.9×10⁻⁸ mol/L (S/N=3). Furthermore, the electrochemical sensor possesses good recoveries between 93.5 % and 98.2 % in real sample analysis, indicating high accuracy in real sample analysis.     

Study on the Indirect Electrochemical Detection of Ammonium Ion with In Situ Electrogenerated Hypobromous Acid

The electrochemical oxidation of bromide in the presence of ammonium ion (NH ) was studied by cyclic voltammetry and UV‐vis spectroscopy. The experimental results suggested that the anodically generated bromine (Br₂) would be hydrolyzed to hypobromous acid (HBrO) at the pH range of 5–7 and was further disproportionate to hypobromite anion (BrO^?) when pH was larger than 7. Both HBrO and BrO^? were confirmed to be participated in the following homogeneous chemical reaction with the coexisted ammonium ion. However, HBrO is electroactive whereas BrO^‐ is electroinactive at carbon electrode. Based upon the reaction of HBrO with NH , an indirect electrochemical method was proposed for determination of NH with dual‐electrode configuration in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7), where HBrO was produced at a generator electrode and the excess HBrO was subsequently detected at a collector electrode after a reaction with NH in a batch solution or in a micro flow injection analytical (micro‐FIA) system by using an interdigitated array (IDA) Pt microelectrode and a carbon film ring‐disk electrode (CFRDE), respectively. The decreasing of reduction current at the collector electrode was proportional to the concentration NH in both systems, with the detection limit below 3.0 μM. This approach shows the advantage of highly selectivity even in presence of a large amount of coexisted cations, and was successfully applied for the determination of NH in environmental water samples.     

基于表面增强拉曼光谱快速检测纺织品禁用染料

基于表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)技术, 发展了一种纺织品中染料定性检测的快速方法. 以国家明确禁止使用的致癌染料碱性红9(Basic red 9)和分散黄23(Disperse yellow 23)为模型分子, 利用一步法快速制备的银纳米粒子为SERS基底并进行优化. 通过在纺织品表面直接滴加银纳米粒子的方法实现了纺织品中染料的快速SERS鉴别. 研究结果表明, 该方法不需要复杂的样品前处理过程, 能够直接实现纺织品中染料的快速定性, 且灵敏度高, 对纺织品上两种禁用染料碱性红9和分散黄23的检测限分别为0.16和0.24 mg/kg, 超出了国家标准的要求, 有望成为一种实用的纺织品安全性评估技术.     

Determination of Ochratoxin A in Poultry Feed by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with a Monolithic Column

A monolithic column with high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with an ultraviolet detector was investigated for the determination of ochratoxin A in poultry feed. A systematic study was performed using solid phase extraction with a C₁₈ cartridge for sample pretreatment with three solvent systems. Ethyl acetate:methanol:formic acid (95:5:0.5) was found to be the most suitable. Pretreated samples were injected separately into packed and monolithic columns. The effects of the mobile phases on the chromatographic figures of merits were evaluated. Better peak symmetry, improved separation, and more theoretical plates were observed using an acetonitrile:water:formic acid (99:99:2) mobile phase. The repeatability and accuracy of the method were statistically evaluated and found to be satisfactory with a limit of detection of 40 µg L^?1. The use of a monolithic column in conjunction with sample pretreatment provided good results for the determination of ochratoxin A in poultry feed.     

Indirect Photometric Detection and Determination of Some Inorganic Cations in Anti-Asthmatic Homeopathic Pharmaceuticals by CE

A capillary electrophoretic (CE) method has been optimized for the separation of some common alkali and alkaline-earth metal cations in anti-asthmatic homeopathic liquid pharmaceutical preparations. Separation was carried out on a 74 cm (62.5 cm to the detector) × 75 μm ID fused silica capillary at a potential of 25 kV and 25 °C. Baseline separation of NH₄ ⁺, K⁺, Ca²⁺, Na⁺, Mg²⁺ and Li⁺ was achieved in less than 4.5 min. The proposed method was applied for the determination of the above-mentioned ions in homeopathic liquid formulations. Limits of quantitation (LOQ) observed were 1.5 ppm for NH₄ ⁺, Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ 0.8 ppm for Na⁺, 1.6 ppm for K⁺, and 0.4 ppm for Li⁺. During electrophoresis, the ingredients used in the preparation of homeopathic formulation did not interfere with the cations examined.