共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 171 毫秒
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本文采用离心模型试验对覆盖层上面板堆石坝防渗墙和面板的应力变形性进行了研究,得出了防渗墙和面板应力变形的一般规律。 相似文献
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摘 要 上江坝址为金沙江中游龙头水库的比选坝址之一,坝址河床覆盖层最厚达206.2 m,在深厚覆盖层上修建最低249 m级的高土石坝,大坝规模达到甚至超过世界前沿水平,筑坝技术难度大。通过测绘、钻探、物探、物理力学测试等工作揭示:(1)河床覆盖层由漂卵石、低液限粘土、砾卵石、碎块石、砂砾石等组成;(2)河床覆盖层中各粗粒土强度相对较高,低液限粘土强度较低,为坝基一条连续完整的相对软弱带;(3)坝址位于龙蟠断陷盆地内,主要受新构造垂直差异运动的影响,河床接受金沙江上游及坡体上物质堆积,逐渐形成了现今的深厚覆盖层。初步研究本坝址在河床覆盖层上建高土石坝是可行的,但需要对坝基采取工程处理措施。探讨了不同建坝方案所引发的工程地质问题,为筑坝技术研究提供了地质依据。 相似文献
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为解决十三陵抽水蓄能电站下库库尾渗漏问题, 拟在库尾半壁山附近做一防渗墙。由于河床覆盖层内存在着一厚约20m的粘性土层, 如做一悬挂式防渗墙, 把粘性土层做为防渗墙下界, 可比以下部基岩做为下界节约资金约三分之二以上。本文在以往勘探资料的基础上, 通过钻孔、物探、水文地质特征等方面的资料, 分析论证了粘土层在库盆内的连续性, 然后给出了十三陵盆地粘土层的成因及分布模式。 相似文献
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含松软覆盖层峡谷地形对地震动具有放大效应已被多次地震观测所证实。本文对Rayleigh波入射下V形覆盖层峡谷的地震反应进行宽频模拟,讨论了V形峡谷深度、覆盖层软硬程度、倾角以及波的频率等因素对地表位移幅值的影响。数值结果表明:在中低频段(量纲为一的频率η5.0),含覆盖层峡谷地形对地震波的放大效应显著。在高频波段(η10.0),覆盖层放大效应减弱甚至出现缩幅效应;随覆盖层深度增加,位移放大频段的带宽逐渐减小,第一峰值频率降低,且在低频段频谱曲线振荡剧烈;覆盖层越软,位移越大,峡谷表面位移空间变化越剧烈;峡谷右边界与水平面夹角不同,导致地表位移幅值的空间分布相差较大,在中低频时峡谷右侧的图线差异比较明显,在高频时变化差异不大。由此可见覆盖层软硬程度和形状对地震波聚焦特征也具有重要影响。 相似文献
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平果铝平南赤泥堆场地内受过构造强烈挤压作用的白云质灰岩可溶性中等但裂隙极为发育,在年降水量大(年均1374.2mm)、年蒸发量大(年均1572.6mm)、气温高(年均21.8°C)的气候条件下,岩溶沿地质构造呈带状不均匀发育,形成了14个不同发育程度的岩溶区。堆场内浅表岩溶较深部岩溶发育,浅表岩溶的主要形态有落水洞、溶沟(槽),深部岩溶的主要形态是溶蚀裂隙。堆场内岩溶形成了小型树枝状的暗河网,且与场外地下水相联通。堆场内岩溶的渗漏有管道集中渗漏和裂隙分散渗漏两种类型,按渗漏强度可分为强岩溶渗漏区、中等岩溶渗漏区和弱岩溶渗漏区。强岩溶渗漏区的防渗措施是对于中小型的岩溶先充填,大的岩溶用盖板跨越,然后再进行防渗铺盖,其他两区则先充填、整平,再进行防渗铺盖。 相似文献
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A fully-developed turbulent pipe flow is allowed to pass through a rotating pipe section, whose axis of rotation coincides
with the pipe axis. At the exit end of the rotating section, the flow passes into a stationary pipe. As a result of the relaxation
of surface rotation, the turbulent flow near the pipe wall is affected by extra turbulence production created by the large
circumferential shear strain set up by the rapid decrease of the rotational velocity to zero at the wall. However, the flow
in the most part of the pipe is absent of this extra turbulence production because the circumferential strain is zero as a
result of the solid-body rotation imparted to the flow by the rotating pipe section. The combined effect of these two phenomena
on the flow is investigated in detail using hot-wire anemometry techniques. Both mean and turbulence fields are measured,
together with the wall shear and the turbulent burst behavior at the wall. A number of experiments at different rotational
speeds are carried out. Therefore, the effects of rotation on the behavior of wall shear, turbulent burst at the wall, turbulence
production and the near-wall flow can be documented and analysed in detail. 相似文献
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针对现阶段光面爆破存在的根底不平整问题以及炸药能量利用率低的问题,提出了一种螺旋管聚能药包。为探究药包的破岩机理,采用LS-DYNA数值模拟和钻孔爆破试验相结合的方法研究了此药包的破岩机理。数值模拟结果表明,螺旋管聚能药包能形成连续金属射流侵彻炮孔孔壁,孔壁被侵彻出垂直炮孔方向的裂缝。用普通柱状药包和此药包进行钻孔爆破对比试验,结果表明,螺旋管药包试样的残留炮孔孔壁有螺旋形侵彻缝,印证了数值模拟的侵彻结果。并且相比于普通柱状药包,其炮孔利用率提高7.2%、扩孔率提高8.4%。将此药包应用于舟山绿色石化基地围垦区,结果表明,螺旋管药包爆破区域根底高度平均比普通装药低14 cm,根底高度标准差比普通装药小12 cm。研究成果在爆破工程应用中有很大价值,可以降低施工成本、加快施工进度、提高爆破效果,适合在矿山开采、井巷掘进等工程中使用。 相似文献
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This study deals with the influence of bubbles on a vertical air–water pipe flow, for gas-lift applications. The effect of
changing the bubble size is of particular interest as it has been shown to affect the pressure drop over the pipe. Local measurements
on the bubbles characteristics in the wall region were performed, using standard techniques, such as high-speed video recording
and optical fibre probe, and more specific techniques, such as two-phase hot film anemometry for the wall shear stress and
conductivity measurement for the thickness of the liquid film at the wall. The injection of macroscopic air bubbles in a pipe
flow was shown to increase the wall shear stress. Bubbles travelling close to the wall create a periodic perturbation. The
injection of small bubbles amplifies this effect, because they tend to move in the wall region; hence, more bubbles are travelling
close to the wall. A simple analysis based on a two-fluid set of equations emphasised the importance of the local gas fraction
fluctuations on the wall shear stress. 相似文献
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用高速摄像拍摄了90°锥头弹丸低速入水的空泡形态演变过程,全面讨论了不同入水冲击速度下空泡的闭合方式及其演变过程,分析了空泡闭合时间、闭合点水深和弹头空泡长度随入水速度的变化规律以及不同水深位置空泡直径的变化规律;研究了水幕闭合和近液面空泡收缩上升所形成的射流现象及其相互耦合作用过程,探讨了空泡深闭合后其壁面波动规律。结果表明:随着入水速度的增加,空泡分别发生准静态闭合、浅闭合、深闭合和表面闭合,每种闭合方式对应的一个速度区间;弹头产生空泡的临界入水速度为0.657 m/s;不同水深位置的空泡直径呈现非线性变化;随着水深的增加空泡扩张初速增大,空泡最大直径减小,扩张段缩短,收缩段延长;同一时刻水深越大空泡扩张收缩的加速度也越高;水幕闭合后会产生向上和向下两股射流,向下射流速度较大时会对弹丸运动产生影响;近液面空泡收缩上升时会产生强度正比于空泡体积大小和闭合点水深的射流,并与上两股射流相互耦合形成一股更强的向上射流;空泡深闭合后长度缩短和产生的向下射流使弹丸受力发生改变,弹丸速度因受力产生的变化带动了流体质点速度的波动,进而导致空泡壁面发生波动,壁面波动遵循空泡截面独立扩张原理。 相似文献
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海洋矿产资源的开发正由浅海向深海发展,水下输送管道作为深海采矿系统中的必备构件,其作业安全尤为重要.本文以6 000 m深海采矿工程为背景,研究了海底集矿机、海底移动输送站及连接两者的矿料输送管道的运动协调关系.首先,用悬链线理论得到输送管道的初始构形,基于有限元方法,构建了集矿机-输送管道-移动输送站系统三维动态响应模型,进而讨论了集矿机和移动输送站运动过程中,输送管道形态和应力的变化.结果表明,集矿机与移动输送站靠近时,输送管道的最大应力增长速度变快,威胁采矿系统的作业安全.基于此,提出了集矿机与移动输送站最小安全距离的概念,分析并给出了管道壁厚和材料屈服应力对最小安全距离的影响规律. 相似文献
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TANG You-gang 《应用数学和力学(英文版)》2005,26(8):1040-1046
IntroductionThe casing pipes are widely used for drilling wells in the ocean. As depth of waterreaches100m or more than100m, the relative stiffness of a casing pipe is reduced and thenatural frequency of a casing pipe may be close to shedding frequency of… 相似文献
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《Particuology》2023
The internal erosion of pipelines in oil and gas storage and transportation engineering is highly risky. High gas velocity of annular flow entrained sand will cause damage to the pipelines, and may further result in thinning of the wall. If this damage lasts for a long time, it may cause pipeline leakage and cause huge economic losses and environmental problems. In this research, an experimental device for studying multiphase flow erosion is designed, including an erosion loop and an experimental elbow that can test the erosion rate. The annular flow state and pipe wall erosion morphology can also be tested by the device. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method is combined with the experiment to further study the annular flow erosion mechanism in the pipeline. The relationship between gas-liquid-solid distribution and erosion profile was studied. The results show that the most eroded region occurs between 22.5° and 45° in the axial angle direction and between 90° and 135° in the circumferential angle direction of the elbow. The pits and deep scratches form on the surface of the sample after the sand collision. 相似文献
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结合用注浆沉降法并辅以高压旋喷注浆对某小区典型不均匀沉降建筑物进行纠偏和地基加固的工程实例,着重分析了注浆沉降法纠偏加固的技术原理,并讨论该工法的控制要点;对注浆浆液配合比、注浆孔平面位置、加固深度、注浆量、注浆压力、高压旋喷注浆等设计参数的影响进行了研究探讨,提出加强纠偏加固施工动态控制的重要性。研究和工程实践表明,用注浆沉浆法并选用合适的注浆参数进行建筑物纠偏和地基加固,能使建筑物不均匀沉降得到调整的同时,复合地基承载力得到提高,具有较好的建筑物纠偏和地基加固效果。 相似文献