含分层损伤的变角度纤维层合板后屈曲力学行为研究

变角度（Variable angle tow,简称VAT）纤维复合材料层合板的纤维方向能够连续变化．相较于传统的直线纤维层合板,此类层合板通过刚度变化,整体的屈曲性能可以得到很大的提升．本文利用ABAQUS 自带的粘结单元(Cohesive Element)对预制圆形分层的变角度纤维复合材料层合板进行了后屈曲力学行为研究,得出载荷位移曲线,以及分层裂纹萌生和扩展的情况．然后本文分析了预制分层尺寸对板的刚度、前后屈曲阶段和裂纹萌生及扩展的影响．最后通过变角度纤维层合板和直线纤维层合板的后屈曲力学行为进行对比,深入探索了变角度复合材料层合板在抵抗分层裂纹萌生和扩展方面的优势．     

新的复合材料格栅加筋板的平铺等效刚度法

针对薄壁复合材料格栅加筋结构的受力特点,在改进原有力学假设的基础之上,推导了一种新的平铺等效刚度计算方法,它充分考虑了筋条和面板之间的相互作用.通过格栅单元结构布局形式的参数化表示,建立了通用的力学分析模型;该模型可用于分析各种结构布局形式和面板铺层方式下的结构总体屈曲问题,故对于航空航天结构设计非常有用.结合Rayleigh-Ritz方法,推导出了求解格栅加筋板屈曲载荷的通用线性特征方程;最后,分析了多种类型格栅结构的算例,并与现有的各种方法进行了比较,结果更为精确,因而对格栅加筋结构的优化设计具有很好的应用价值.     

变角度纤维复合材料圆柱壳的轴压屈曲

变角度纤维复合材料的纤维方向角可沿铺层面内连续变化,因此相应结构的性能具有更高的设计灵活性和更大的优化空间．本文假设纤维方向角沿圆柱壳的轴向呈正弦函数变化,对变角度纤维复合材料圆柱壳在两端简支边界条件下的轴压屈曲问题进行研究．基于Donnell经典壳体理论,推导变角度纤维复合材料圆柱壳的前屈曲控制方程并运用伽辽金法进行求解,然后采用瑞利里兹法求解屈曲问题．通过和现有文献及有限元数值结果的对比,验证了本文模型的收敛性和正确性,通过数值算例分析了纤维起始角和终止角的变化对圆柱壳的屈曲临界荷载的影响．本文的研究结果可为变角度纤维复合材料圆柱壳的分析和设计提供一定的参考．     

考虑损伤效应的开孔浅球壳的非线性动力响应与动力屈曲

研究损伤对开孔浅球壳非线性动力响应与动力屈曲的影响.基于Talreja张量内变量损伤模型,建立了纤维增强复合材料板壳弯曲问题的损伤本构关系,导出了考虑损伤效应的具轴对称变形正交各向异性开孔浅球壳的非线性运动控制方程.对未知函数在空间域采用正交点配置法离散,时间域采用Newmark-β方法离散.数值结果表明,由于损伤导致结构刚度不断削弱,结构振幅增大而频率减小,结构的动力临界屈曲载荷降低.     

复杂板壳结构声振耦合特性的理论与实验研究

0引言在国家民用工业及国防工业减振降噪重大应用需求的牵引下,本文通过理论建模、实验验证和数值计算研究了汽车、高速列车、舰艇/潜艇及航空航天飞行器中常用典型复杂板壳结构的声振耦合特性[1-13],建立了相对完善可靠的结构声振耦合特性理论表征体系,分析了关键结构参数对结构声振耦合特性的影响,揭示了弯曲波在结构中的传播规律及结构的声辐射/传声特性,提山了轻质、高强度、声辐射小及隔声性能优良的复杂板壳结构的创新优化设计概念,初步建立了综合结构质量、力学刚度和声振耦合特性的优化设计理论和判据,为典型板壳/板腔结构在民用工业及国防工业中的应用奠定了理论基础、实验依据并提供了技术支撑.     

变截面含筋夹层复合材料悬臂结构刚度特性规律研究

含筋夹层复合材料悬臂结构现已在舰船工程应用中得到关注,然而因为变量众多,在方案设计阶段对弯曲刚度特性的把握往往较为困难.对此,首先基于典型结构应用背景需求,建立了变截面含筋夹层复合材料梁弯曲刚度理论计算模型;进而制作结构模型,开展刚度特性试验研究,通过试验与计算结果的对比,验证了计算方法的有效性;最后探讨了各主要构件材料参数、面板混杂纤维含量、面腹板截面分配以及腹板铺层比例对刚度的影响规律,所得结论可为变截面含筋夹层复合材料悬臂结构方案设计提供参考.     

基于SPH模型的冰雹高速冲击复合材料结构响应规律研究

作为一种特殊的外来物损伤,冰雹冲击致暴露的复合材料结构损伤的规律值得研究.由于实验需要耗费大量的人力物力,且实际操作中存在着各种难以克服的困难,因此,数值方法就显得尤为重要.针对复合材料层合板结构,在充分考虑了冰雹流体特性下,建立了经与经典实验比对证明具有足够分析精度的冰雹光滑粒子流体动力学SPH模型,利用大型显式动力分析软件LS-DYNA模拟研究了冰雹高速冲击复合材料板壳时结构参数对冲击结果的影响规律,表明:冲击响应随板壳形状、尺寸和铺层方案的变化而变化,板块长宽尺寸越大,抗冲击性能越好;板壳曲率越小,抗冲击性能越好;准各向同性铺层比同厚度的单向铺层和反对称正交铺层抗冲击性能优越.论文进一步展望了其应用前景.     

功能梯度复合材料板壳结构的弯曲、屈曲和振动

功能梯度材料通常是由两种如金属和陶瓷复合而成的一种新型非均匀复合材料.由于在这种材料中,各组份材料的体积含量在空间位置上是连续变化的,其物理性能没有突变,因而可较好地避免诸如在纤维增强复合材料中经常出现的层间应力问题或降低应力集中现象.功能梯度复合材料目前已被发展用来作高温环境下的结构构件.本文对功能梯度材料板壳结构分析的研究现状进行了评述, 集中讨论线性和非线性弯曲、屈曲和后屈曲、振动和动力响应.涉及各种边界条件下薄板壳和中厚板壳受热/机荷载作用的情况,并提出需要进一步研究的方向.图0参82      

基于蚁群算法的复合材料缠绕壳体铺层顺序优化

为了提高纤维复合材料缠绕壳体结构的屈曲稳定性,本文将蚁群算法(ACA)求解旅行商问题(TSP)的方法引入到缠绕层顺序优化的计算中.阐明铺层顺序优化的本质是调整沿板厚方向的刚度分布以提高版的抗弯刚度,同时改善荷载的传递路径,以降低由偏心而产生的附加弯矩,从而提高结构的抗屈曲能力;扩展了经典蚁群算法,提出一种分组编解码方法...     

功能梯度碳纳米管增强复合材料结构建模与分析研究进展

功能梯度碳纳米管增强复合材料是一种新一代的先进复合材料。在这种材料中,碳纳米管作为增强体在空间位置上梯度排布。功能梯度碳纳米管增强复合材料的力学行为已成为近年来材料科学与工程科学的研究热点。本文对功能梯度碳纳米管增强复合材料结构的建模与分析的研究进展进行评述,集中讨论功能梯度碳纳米管增强复合材料梁、板、壳在各种载荷条件下,边界条件下和环境条件下的线性和非线性弯曲、屈曲和后屈曲、振动和动力响应。文中所列成果可以看作是进一步研究的基石。最后,提出需要进一步研究的方向。     

Axisymmetric static and dynamic buckling of hollow microspheres

Syntactic foams are particulate composites that are obtained by dispersing thin hollow inclusions in a matrix material. The wide spectrum of applications of these composites in naval and aerospace structures has fostered a multitude of theoretical, numerical, and experimental studies on the mechanical behavior of syntactic foams and their constituents. In this work, we study static and dynamic axisymmetric buckling of single hollow spherical particles modeled as non-linear thin shells. Specifically, we compare theoretical predictions obtained by using Donnell, Sanders–Koiter, and Teng–Hong non-linear shell theories. The equations of motion of the particle are obtained from Hamilton׳s principle, and the Galerkin method is used to formulate a tractable non-linear system of coupled ordinary differential equations. An iterative solution procedure based on the modified Newton–Raphson method is developed to estimate the critical static load of the microballoon, and alternative methodologies of reduced complexity are further discussed. For dynamic buckling analysis, a Newmark-type integration scheme is integrated with the modified Newton–Raphson method to evaluate the transient response of the shell. Results are specialized to glass particles, and a parametric study is conducted to investigate the effect of microballoon wall thickness on the predictions of the selected non-linear shell theories. Comparison with finite element predictions demonstrates that Sanders–Koiter theory provides accurate estimates of the static critical load for a wide set of particle wall thicknesses. On the other hand, Donnell and Teng–Hong theories should be considered valid only for very thin particles, with the latter theory generally providing better agreement with finite element findings due to its more complete kinematics. In this context, we also demonstrate that a full non-linear analysis is required when considering thicker shells, while simplified treatment can be utilized for thin particles. For dynamic buckling, we confirm the accuracy of Sanders–Koiter theory for all the considered particle thicknesses and of Teng–Hong and Donnell theories for very thin particles.     

受限亚音速气流中倒置悬臂壁板静气弹稳定性的理论及实验研究

板壳结构在航空航天、高速列车、能量采集等诸多工程领域已经得到了广泛应用.将悬臂壁板倒置于轴向气流中并在壁板周围流场中设置刚性壁面可有效地调控壁板的失稳速度,是俘能器优化设计的重要措施之一.但针对刚性壁面作用下亚音速气流中倒置悬臂壁板的失稳机制仍需要开展深入研究.本文以受限亚音速气流中倒置的二维悬臂壁板为对象,以理论分析及风洞实验为手段,研究了单侧刚性壁面效应对倒置悬臂壁板静态失稳特性的影响规律.在理论分析中,首先应用镜像函数法来处理壁面约束条件,基于算子理论研究获得了以Possio积分方程为表征的壁板气动力,壁面效应实际表征为一包含移位Tricomi算子的复合算子;然后将壁板失稳方程的求解问题转化为定区间上的函数逼近问题;最后,依据Wererstrass定理并利用最小二乘法求解该最优函数,以获得系统的失稳临界参数.在试验研究中依据压杆稳定原理设计了壁板静态失稳的测试方法并完成了风洞实验.理论分析结果表明,壁板会发生发散(静气动弹性)失稳,临界动压随壁板与壁面间距的增加而增大并最终趋于稳定(无壁面情况);通过理论与风洞实验结果的对比分析,验证了本文气动力及理论分析的适用性及准确性.针对倒...     

基于连续丝束剪切技术的变角度复合材料层合板的热屈曲分析

连续丝束剪切(Continuous Tow Shearing, CTS)铺放技术是一种新的变角度层合板制作技术，这种新技术能显著减少丝束铺放过程中产生的丝束重叠和间隙等缺陷，然而，采用CTS技术铺设时，层合板的厚度将随着纤维角度的变化而变化．本文基于一阶剪切变形理论并应用Chebyshev-Ritz法对这种变厚度的变角度复合材料层合板的热屈曲问题进行了研究．假设纤维方向角沿板的长度方向按照线性变化，获得了均匀温度变化时变厚度层合板的临界热屈曲荷载．通过与现有文献的比较验证了本文方法的正确性，并进一步讨论了纤维铺设技术、纤维方向角的变化以及边界条件的不同对变角度复合材料层合板的临界屈曲温度的影响．研究结果表明，在体积相同的情况下，采用CTS铺设较传统的自动丝束铺放(AFP)可以进一步提升变角度层合板的临界屈曲温度．本文的研究结果可为变角度复合材料的设计提供一定的参考．     

Interfacial stiffness dependence of the effective magnetostriction of particulate magnetostrictive composites

Terfenol-D composites attract much attention recently due to their large magnetostriction, small eddy energy loss and large operation frequency bandwidth. Binder layer in the composite usually mechanically weakens the composite and reduces the effective properties. A typical kind of magnetostictive composite is composed of Rare Earth metallic compound powder, matrix material and resin binder. The binder, which is usually flexible and forms mechanically weak interface in the composite, inevitably influences the overall magnetostriction of composites. In this paper, a theoretical model was developed to treat a simple deformation case of this kind of mechanically weak interface, in which the flexible layer has low stiffness to withstand deformation but no de-bonding or cracking. An infinite magnetostrictive plane with a circular inclusion was considered, where the matrix and inclusion are all general magnetostrictive materials which can be modeled by the standard square constitutive relation of magnetostriction. The binder layer of a certain thickness was modeled as a set of springs with no thickness but with an equivalent stiffness. The mathematical formulation was brought into the complex variable framework. The magnetoelastic field was solved and the effective magnetostriction was explicitly obtained. Comparisons with experimental results were also presented. In terms of this analysis, the interfacial stiffness has significant influences on the overall magnetostriction of composite. Increasing the interfacial stiffness can lead to large magnetostriction of composites. The measure for improving the interfacial stiffness includes increasing the binder modulus and reducing its thickness.     

变角度纤维复合材料环扇形层合板的自由振动分析

与传统的直线纤维增强复合材料相比,变角度纤维复合材料具有更强的可设计性,为改善结构性能提供了更大的可能．鉴于此,本文将研究纤维的变角度铺设对复合材料环扇形层合板的自振频率及振动模态的影响．假设纤维的方向角沿环扇形板的径向线性变化,基于经典的层合板理论,采用微分求积法获得了环扇形层合板自由振动问题的数值解．通过与现有文献及ABAQUS有限元结果的比较验证了本文模型及方法的正确性和收敛性,并详细分析了纤维起始角和终止角的变化对层合板的自振频率及振动模态的影响．研究结果表明：与常刚度层合板相比,变角度纤维复合材料层合板的基频具有更大的调整空间,通过合理选择纤维起始角和终止角可有效提高层合板的基频．研究结果可为该种新型复合材料结构的优化设计提供一定的参考．     

球壳中球形夹杂对SV波的三维散射与动应力集中研究

夹杂将导致结构应力集中,是降低结构承载能力重要影响因素,尤其是动载作用情况下,弹性波衍射和叠加将加剧应力集中程度.弹性波衍射方程建立和求解非常复杂,目前主要研究对象集中在二维模型情况,三维有限域内夹杂引起的动应力集中现象在大型结构中比较常见,有界域边界不仅作为边界条件,同时也是散射波波源,提高了求解难度.一般通过近似方法,将三维模型简化为二维情况,往往导致求解结果过于保守不能解释实际问题.论文针对三维球壳包含夹杂一般情况,分别以球壳和夹杂中心建立球坐标以描述球壳内、外壁和夹杂表面散射波势函数,并引入一种球波函数加法公式实现不同坐标下势函数转换,以求解应力集中状态.最后针对三维情况,给出多个动应力集中因子分布状态以描述动应力集中程度.文中研究为一般情况下含夹杂球壳结构的强度分析提供了理论支撑.     

X状Z向碳pin增强泡沫夹层结构剪切刚度预报

综合考虑了面板对横向增强Z-pin的不同约束情况,结合空间网架结构和等效夹杂方法,提出了X状Z-pins增强泡沫夹层结构剪切刚度的预报模型,经实际计算后与已有的实验值和有限元模拟值比较,证明该方法具有足够的工程精度.计算表明,X状Z-pins能大幅度地提高泡沫夹层结构的剪切刚度,并具有良好的可设计性,可以通过改变Z-pin材料,Z-pin的体积分数、角度、直径等参数改变其力学性能.其中,Z-pin体积分数越大、拉伸模量越高、直径越大,Z-pins增强泡沫夹层结构的剪切刚度越高.     

Design and operation of multi-specimen fully reversed fatigue systems for advanced composite materials

Advanced composite materials are finding ever-increasing employment in aerospace structural applications. Generally, the composites appear as the ‘skins’ (surfacing elements) on sandwich components. A typical sandwich component consists of many subelements, i.e., skins, adhesive, core, sealants, etc. The degradation mechanisms for the overall sandwich components must take into account the aerospace environment including loads, temperatures and moisture as well as fabrication- and service-induced flaws in the overall sandwich construction. This paper describes an experimental system designed to investigate the static compressive strengths of high-strength graphite/epoxy composite sandwich structures with various defects, after exposure to combined moisture-saturation and elevated-temperature environment in the presence of fatigue stress cycling. The moisture, thermal exposure, and stress cycling were designed to simulate mission conditions. The equipment was designed to perform multiple-specimen testing of sandwich structures including various construction parameters and flaw types. Stress cycling is of the variable-amplitude type in a fully reversed mode.     

考虑面内破坏过程的含分层损伤复合材料加筋层合板的动力响应

基于复合材料层合板一阶剪切理论，推导了复合材料层合板单元的刚度阵和质量阵列式；同时采用了Adams应交能法与Rayleigh阻尼模型相结合的方法，构造了相应的阻尼阵列式；为了防止在低阶模态中分层处出现的上、下子板不合理的嵌入现象，建立了含分层损伤复合材料加筋层合板动力分析的分层分析模型和虚拟界面联接模型。在上述模型和理论基础上，采用了Tsai提出的刚度退化准则和动力响应分析的精细积分法，对含分层损伤复合材料加筋层合板结构进行了动力响应和破坏分析。通过算例，分别讨论了外载频率、分层位置，以及破坏过程的刚度退化对含损伤复合材料加筋层合板动力响应特征的影响，得到了一些具有理论和工程价值的结论。     

Elastic waves from localized sources in composite laminates

This paper is concerned with the analysis of elastic waves generated by localized dynamic sources in structural composites. The source can be external, involving acoustic wave loading as in the so called leaky Lamb wave experiment, and low-velocity foreign object impact on the surface of the structure, or internal, as in sudden crack initiation and its rapid growth from existing internal flaws. All three problems are of critical importance in the safe operation of composite structures, due to their vulnerability to hidden delaminations that can occur in composite materials when they are subjected to this type of loads. It is well known that both the dynamic surface loading associated with impact, and the sudden “opening” of an internal crack associated with the extension of a preexisting flaw act as sources of elastic waves in the material of the structure. The research reported here consists of model-based analysis of the guided waves generated by surface loading and microcrack initiation in graphite epoxy composite laminates commonly used in aircraft and aerospace structures. The objective of this study is to develop a mechanics based understanding of the causal relationship between the properties of the source and the characteristics of the waves generated by its initiation and propagation. The results of this research are expected to be useful in developing effective health monitoring systems for new as well as aging aircraft and aerospace structures.