银纳米颗粒对四苯基卟啉Q带荧光寿命的延长

文章报道了吸附在银纳米颗粒表面的四苯基卟啉(TPP)的Q带荧光寿命的变化.实验发现将银纳米颗粒的表面等离激元共振吸收峰调至与TPP的Q吸收带共振时,会使TPP的Q带荧光寿命得到延长.这是由于银纳米颗粒对表面的光电场有较大的表面等离激元共振增强效应,而处于激发态的TPP分子有较高的极性,这种增强的光电场会对有较高极性的TPP分子有稳定作用,所以延长了其Q带寿命.这对于以卟啉为光敏剂的光动力治疗有重要的意义.     

Terahertz superconducting plasmonic hole array

We demonstrate a superconductor array of subwavelength holes with active thermal control over the resonant transmission induced by surface plasmon polaritons. The array was lithographically fabricated on a high-temperature yttrium barium copper oxide superconductor and characterized by terahertz time-domain spectroscopy. We observe a clear transition from a virtual excitation of the surface plasmon mode to a real surface plasmon mode. The highly controllable superconducting plasmonic crystals may find promising applications in the design of low-loss, large- dynamic-range amplitude modulation and surface-plasmon-based terahertz devices.     

Extraordinary optical transmission through metal gratings with single and double grooved surfaces

We investigate the transmission properties of a normally incident TM plane wave through metal films with periodic parabolic-shaped grooves on single and double surfaces using the finite-difference-time-domain method. Nearly zero transmission efficiency is found at wavelengths corresponding to surface plasmon excitation on a flat surface in the case where the single surface is grooved. Meanwhile, resonant excitation of surface plasmon polariton (SPP) Bloch modes leads to a strong transmission peak at slightly larger wavelengths. When the grating is grooved on double surfaces, the transmission enhancement can be dramatically improved due to the resonant tunnelling between SPP Bloch modes.     

Resonant surface plasmons of a metal nanosphere treated as propagating surface plasmons

On the assumption that the resonant surface plasmons on a spherical nanoparticle are formed by standing waves of two counter-propagating surface plasmon waves along the surface, by using Mie theory simulation, we find that the dispersions of surface plasmon resonant modes supported by silver nanospheres match with those of the surface plasmons on a semiinfinite medium-silver interface very well. This suggests that the resonant surface plasmons of a metal nanosphere can be treated as a propagating surface plasmon wave.     

Resonant infrared transmission through SiC films

Resonant transmission through metallic films is observed when a periodic array of holes is drilled. This phenomenon has been attributed to surface plasmon polaritons. We study a similar system made of an array of slits in a SiC film supporting surface phonon polaritons. We find a resonant transmission in the infrared. The role of surface waves is analyzed. We find that surface waves are excited at resonance but are not a necessary condition to obtain a resonant transmission.     

Electromagnetic coupling between a metal nanoparticle grating and a metallic surface

The electromagnetic coupling between a two-dimensional grating of resonant gold nanoparticles and a gold metallic film is investigated. We report on the observation of multipeaks in the extinction spectra attributed to resonant modes of the hybrid system, resulting from the coupling between the localized plasmon of the nanoparticles with the underlying surface plasmon mode. Simulations based on the Fourier modal method give good agreement with the experimental measurements and allow for the identification of the respective contributions.     

Bio-Plasmonics: Nano/micro Structure of Surface Plasmon Resonance Devices for Biomedicine

We have reported a novel design of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) device, which uses alternating dielectric layers to enhance the SPR signal quality and modulate its resonant position. Admittance loci method of thin film design has been used in the design of such a device. The use of biomolecular thin film, such as DNAs or Porteins, in this design can result in resonant condition of wavelength changes as well. Bio-plasmonics is proposed for the research and development of novel devices, which use biomolecules as a part of the plasmon oscillation system to actively interact with nano/micro structure.     

Band structure of two-dimensional square lattice photonic crystals of circular dispersive metamaterial rods

By virtue of the efficiency of the Dirichlet-to-Neumann map method, the details of the band structure of a two-dimensional square lattice photonic crystal composed of dispersive metamaterial circular rods in air background has been studied. We show that there are two flat bands at the band structure of the system for both H-polarization and E-polarization. These flat bands are created around the magnetic resonance frequency, surface plasmon frequency and magnetic surface plasmon frequency. We realized that the modes with frequencies lying above the resonance frequency behave like resonant cavity modes created in a single metallic cylindrical waveguide. While, due to the relatively large and imaginary refractive index of the metamaterial rods at the frequencies lying below the resonance frequency, the modes are localized modes with negligible penetration into the rods. Moreover, the modes are localized at the interface of the cylindrical metamaterial rods and the air background for the frequencies around the surface plasmon frequency and the magnetic surface plasmon frequency.     

Au表面等离子体激元激发的扫描探针电子能谱

结合扫描隧道显微镜（STM）与电子能谱仪是实现表面微区元素分析的途径之一．我们将环形电子能量分析器和三维扫描探针系统相结合,建立了一台扫描探针电子能谱仪(SPEES)．通过测量针尖近场发射束流激发的Au表面能量损失谱,我们用研究了Au原子的等离子体激元激发现象．进一步通过改变针尖－样品距离,我们研究了Au等离子体激元峰与弹性散射峰的强度比随针尖－样品距离变化的关系．研究结果发现该强度比与针尖－样品距离的关系并不是单调变化,而是在一个特定位置存在极大．     

Enhanced optical transmission through double-layer gold slit arrays

We investigate the relationship between the transmission and the layer distance of double-layer gold slit arrays by using the finite-difference time-domain method.The results show that the transmission properties can be influenced strongly by layer distance.We attribute the two types of resonant modes to surface plasmon resonance and the localised waveguide resonance.We find that the localised waveguide transmission peak redshifts and becomes broader with increasing layer distance D.We also describe and explain the splitting,shift,and degeneration of the surface plasmon resonant transmission peak theoretically.In addition,to clarify the physical mechanism of the transmission behaviours,we analyse the distributions of electric field and total energy for the three transmission peaks with distance D=45 nm for the double-layer system.Light transporting behaviours are mostly concentrated in the region of the slits as well as the interspaces of the two layers,and for different resonant wavelengths the electric field and energy distributions are different.It is expected that the results obtained here will be helpful for designing subwavelength metallic grating devices.     

Size characteristics of surface plasmons and their manifestation in scattering properties of metal particles

The change of the scattering properties of sodium, gold and silver spherical particles with size is discussed in the context of surface multipolar plasmon resonances. The presented surface plasmon size characteristics are abstracted from the quantity which is observed and deliver multipolar plasmon resonance frequencies and plasmon damping rates in the form of a continuous function of particle radius. The performed analysis of the plasmon dispersion relation is analogous to the problem of surface plasmon localized at a semi-infinite, flat metal/dielectric interface.Correlation between the multipolar plasmon resonance parameters, and the spectroscopic optical properties of conductive nanoparticles appearing as peaks in the measurable light intensities is analyzed. We discuss the fact, that such peaks arise from interference of all the electromagnetic fields contributing to the measured intensity, and not solely to the fields due to surface plasmon multipolar modes.We describe the results of light scattering experiment in orthogonal polarization geometries with use of spontaneously growing sodium droplets. The polarization geometry of the experiment allows for distinct separation of resonant contribution of dipole and quadrupole plasmon TM mode contributions to the measured intensities as a function of size.Predictions concerning size characteristics for dipole and quadrupole plasmons are compared with the results of light scattering experiments using spherical sodium droplets (our results) and gold and silver particles in suspension [other authors: Sönnichsen C, Franzl T, Wilk T, von Plessen G, Feldmann J. Plasmon resonances in large noble-metal clusters. New J Phys 2002; 4:93.1–8; Haiss W, Thanh NTK, Aveyard J, Fernig DG. Determination of size and concentration of gold nanoparticles from UV–vis spectra. Anal Chem 2007; 79:4215–21; Njoki PN, Lim I-IS, Mott D, Park H-Y, Khan B, Mishra S, et al. Size correlation of optical and spectroscopic properties for gold nanoparticles. J Phys Chem C 2007; 111:14664–9; Mock JJ, Barbic M, Smith DR, Schultz DA, Schultz S. Shape effects in plasmon resonance of individual colloidal silver nanoparticles. J Chem Phys 2002; 116:6755–9].     

Decay rates modification through coupling of degenerate surface plasmon modes

We measured the decay rates of two degenerate surface plasmon modes in Au nanohole arrays with different hole sizes by angle-resolved reflectivity spectroscopy. For each hole size, at the spectral region where resonant coupling occurs, we observed a large modification in decay rates, leading to the formation of dark and bright modes. The change in decay rates is well explained by temporal coupled mode theory. The deduced coupling constant is found to increase with increasing hole diameter. This study provides us a simple and effective means to control the decay rates of dark and bright modes, which are useful in plasmonic applications.     

Second- and third-harmonic generations for a nondilute suspension of coated particles with radial dielectric anisotropy

We derive expressions for the effective nonlinear susceptibility tensors for both the second harmonic generation (SHG) and induced third harmonic generation (THG) of nonlinear composite materials, in which nondilute coated particles with radial dielectric anisotropy are randomly embedded in the linear host. Two types of coated particles are considered. The first is that the core possesses a second order nonlinear susceptibility and the shell is linear and radially anisotropic, while the second is that the core is linear with radial anisotropy and the shell has a second order nonlinear susceptibility. We observe greatly enhanced SHG and THG susceptibilities at several surface plasmon resonant frequencies. For the second model, due to the coating material being metallic, there exists two fundamental resonant frequencies ω_c1 and ω_c2, whose difference ω_c2-ω_c1 is strongly dependent on the interfacial parameter and the radial dielectric anisotropy. Furthermore, in both systems, the adjustment of the dielectric anisotropy results in larger enhancement of both SHG and induced THG susceptibilities at surface plasmon resonant frequencies than the corresponding isotropic systems. Therefore, both the core-shell structure and the dielectric anisotropy play important roles in determining the nonlinear enhancement and the surface resonant frequencies.     

Tuning of plasmonic behaviours in coupled metallic nanotube arrays

We theoretically investigate the influence of the shape of nanoholes on plasmonic behaviours in coupled elliptical metallic nanotube arrays by the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method.We study the structure in two cases:one for the array aligned along the minor axis and the other for the array aligned along the major axis.It is found that the optical properties and plasmonic effects can be tuned by the effective surface charges as a result of the variation in the minor axis length.Based on the localized nature of electric field distributions,we also clearly show that the presence of localized plasmon resonant modes originates from multipolar plasmon polaritons and a large magnitude of opposing surface charges build up in the gap between adjacent nanotubes.     

The optical transmission characteristics through coupled metallic nanotube arrays

The plasmonic properties in coupled metallic nanotube arrays are investigated theoretically by the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. We calculate the transmission spectra and the electric field distributions. We show that there is a photonic band gap over a wide optical wavelength range and the transmission spectrum depends strongly on the inner radii, the separation distance and the number of the nanotubes. Based on the localized nature of the field distribution, we also clearly show that the presence of local plasmon resonant modes that originate from multipolar plasmon polaritons and a big magnitude of opposing surface charges build up in the gap between adjacent nanotubes.     

Transmission properties of periodically patterned triangular prisms

Transmission properties of plasmonic structure arrays are simulated by finite element method. The array unit is composed of two combined triangular prisms. Results reveal that several resonant modes are found in the transmission spectra, which are due to the resonance of the surface plasmon polariton in the metal slit or to the localized surface plasmon resonance of the combined prisms. The resonant wavelengths can be tuned by changing the structural parameters of the combined prisms. In addition, the resonant modes are sensitive to small refractive index changes of the surrounding media, revealing potential detection applications in nanophotonic systems.     

Ag/ZnO纳米结构的荧光增强效应

利用化学合成方法制备了Ag纳米线和ZnO量子点。对这两种纳米结构的表面形貌、晶体结构和光学性质分别进行了研究。结果表明：Ag纳米线和ZnO量子点均为单晶结构,平均直径分别为160 nm和5 nm左右。将Ag纳米线混入ZnO量子点可以使其紫外荧光显著增强,其中位于345 nm和383 nm 的荧光分别增强30倍和12倍。这与Ag纳米线和ZnO量子点混合体系的局域表面等离子体共振耦合吸收峰位相一致,说明该体系存在两种共振耦合模式。该研究结果为将来开发ZnO基纳米发光器件提供了一条新的途径。     

Strong emission from nano-iron using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy technique

In this paper, we report a strong enhanced emission from laser produced plasma in air from iron oxide nano-material in comparison with the corresponding bulk samples. The enhancement strength differs with different Nd:YAG laser harmonics wavelengths. The analysis showed that such enhancement increased exponentially with the plasma evolution time, while it declines as the laser fluence increased. Experimental data analysis clearly showed that the observed enhancement is mainly associated with the change in the plasma electron density. We claim that this strong enhanced optical emission from laser produced plasma is due to the surface plasmon resonant excitation preferably on nano-oxide materials. Such experimental findings could improve the laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy sensitivity down to extremely low concentrations.     

Resonant photon tunneling enhancement of the van der Waals friction

We study the van der Waals friction between two flat metal surfaces in relative motion. For good conductors, we find that normal relative motion gives a much larger friction than for parallel relative motion. The friction may increase by many orders of magnitude when the surfaces are covered by adsorbates, or can support low-frequency surface plasmons. In this case, the friction is determined by resonant photon tunneling between adsorbate vibrational modes, or surface plasmon modes.     

Theory of extraordinary optical transmission through subwavelength hole arrays

We present a fully three-dimensional theoretical study of the extraordinary transmission of light through subwavelength hole arrays in optically thick metal films. Good agreement is obtained with experimental data. An analytical minimal model is also developed, which conclusively shows that the enhancement of transmission is due to tunneling through surface plasmons formed on each metal-dielectric interface. Different regimes of tunneling (resonant through a "surface plasmon molecule," or sequential through two isolated surface plasmons) are found depending on the geometrical parameters defining the system.