Optimal finite difference schemes for a wave equation

In this paper, a solution to a two-dimensional wave equation using the Laguerre transform is considered. Optimal parameters of finite difference schemes for this equation are obtained. Numerical values of these optimal parameters are specified. Second-order finite difference schemes with the optimal parameters provide an accuracy of solving the equations close to that provided by a fourth-order scheme. It is shown that using the Laguerre decomposition can reduce the number of optimal parameters in comparison with using the Fourier decomposition. This simplifies the finite difference schemes and decreases the number of calculations, that is, makes the algorithm more efficient.     

On certain properties of linear iterative equations

An expression for the coefficients of a linear iterative equation in terms of the parameters of the source equation is given both for equations in standard form and for equations in reduced normal form. The operator that generates an iterative equation of a general order in reduced normal form is also obtained and some other properties of iterative equations are established. An expression for the parameters of the source equation of the transformed equation under equivalence transformations is obtained, and this gives rise to the derivation of important symmetry properties for iterative equations. The transformation mapping a given iterative equation to the canonical form is obtained in terms of the simplest determining equation, and several examples of application are discussed.     

Uniform operator continuity of the stationary Riccati equation in Hilbert space

In this paper the continuity in the uniform operator topology of the solution of the stationary Riccati equation in Hilbert space as a function of parameters is verified. The assumptions for this verification are the uniform operator continuity of the uncontrolled semigroup with respect to parameters, the uniform finiteness of the infimum of the quadratic cost functionals over the admissible controls, and uniform detectability. Some families of semigroups are described that satisfy the condition of continuity in the uniform operator topology with respect to parameters. The uniform operator continuity of the solution of the stationary Riccati equation with respect to parameters is important for applications to problems in adaptive control of stochastic evolution systems.This research was partially supported by NSF Grant ECS-8718026.     

Application of the improved F-expansion method with Riccati equation to find the exact solution of the nonlinear evolution equations

In this article, we pay attention to the analytical method named, the improved F-expansion method combined with Riccati equation for finding the exact traveling wave solutions of the Benney–Luke equation and the Phi-4 equation. By means of this method we have explored three classes of explicit solutions-hyperbolic, trigonometric and rational solutions with some free parameters. When the parameters are taken as special values, the solitary wave solutions are originated from the traveling wave solutions. Our outcomes disclose that this method is very active and forthright way of formulating the exact solutions of nonlinear evolution equations arising in mathematical physics and engineering.     

非均匀介质中弹性波动方程的参数摄动法

本文通过对非均匀介质弹性波动方程中的介质参数引入背景场量和摄动量，得到以摄动项为次生源的均匀介质中的波动方程，利用Green函数理论化微分方程为积分方程；然后把均匀介质中的位移波场做为第一次迭代结果，代入积分方程进行位移波场的求解；当扰动量达50%时，此方法仍然有效，分析数值结果，从而对一般非均匀介质中的波场性质有了一个定性了解，结果与一般非均匀介质中的声波局部理论基本一致．     

一个带有小参数的二维椭圆方程的渐近性分析

通过数值方法研究在边界充分(逐段)光滑区域上的带有小参数的二维椭圆方程在部分Dirichlet边界控制下的渐近性问题.对于一维的情形求解析解的结果,对高维问题提出类似的问题.但高维问题解析求解一般不可能,因此采用数值分析的方法.数值结果表明,在所选的条件下,边界值对小常数仍然不是解析的.     

一类三参数超越方程稳定区域的界面位置

本文讨论一类三参数超越方程根的分布．Ｂｅｌｌｍａｎ和 Ｃｏｏｋｅ在文［３］中对部分情况ａ＞０，ｂ≥０给出了结果．但这个结果是分析的，不便于应用． 本文对这类方程在整个参数空间（ａ，ｂ，ｃ）中给出根在左半平面的条件，并给出稳定区域的大致形状及边界曲面的大致位置的图形．应用上较为方便，特别是在分支理论中．     

微极流体润滑在径向轴承中应用

本文从微极流体场方程出发,在润滑层的通常假设下,把它化简为两个独立的常微分方程组,并求得速度、微转动角速度的解析表达式.推导了微极流体润滑的雷诺方程,把它应用于有限长径向轴承的求解.通过数值计算得到了微极效应对各种动力参数、几何参数下轴承的压力分布、承载力、流量系数和摩擦系数的影响,并析了它的实际意义,使微极流体理论应用到工程问题又接近了一步.     

A new forecasting method of discrete dynamic system

Usually, a linear differential equation is used to represent continuous dynamic systems, but a linear difference equation is used to represent discrete dynamic systems. AGO is one of the most important characteristics of grey theory, and its main purpose is to reduce the random of data. A linear differential equation, instead of a linear difference equation, is used to replace the grey differential equation to analyze discrete systems in this paper. The k-order derivatives of 1-AGO data are calculated after cubic spline interpolation of them, and the model parameters are estimated by means of the deterministic convergence scheme. ARIMA models are used to analyze the leading indicator in advance, and Fourier series with suitably chosen values of parameters is used for fitting the leading indicator. The model presented in this paper is called Grey Dynamic Model GDM(1,1,1).     

具有强结构阻尼的非线性梁方程的整体动力学和控制

在本文中，我们考虑了高维具有强结构阻尼和全指数Ｂａｌａｋｒｉｓｈｎａｎ－Ｔａｙｌｏｒ阻尼的非线性固定边界可伸展的弹性梁方程，得到它的吸收集和平坦惯性流形的存在性．基于无控制方程的惯性流形的存在性，得到了相应的溢出问题的有限维反馈镇定控制．进而，此结果关于结构参数的不确定性是鲁棒的．     

Scale and time effects on mathematical models for transport in the environment

The purpose of this paper is to analyse mathematical models used in environmental modelling.Following a brief survey of the development in modelling scale-and time-dependent dispersion processes in the environment,this paper compares three similarity solutions,one of which is a solution of the generalized Feller equation(GF)with fractal parameters,and the other two for the newly-developed generalized Fokker-Planck equation(GFP).The three solutions are derived with parameters having physical significance.Data from field experiments are used to verify the solutions.The analyses indicate that the solutions of both GF and GFP represent the physically meaningful natural processes,and simulate the realistic shapes of tracer breakthrough curves.     

Symmetry and transformation properties of iterative ordinary differential equation

Symmetries of linear iterative equations and new conditions on the infinitesimals are obtained. Regarding the expressions of the solutions in terms of the parameters of the source equation, an ansatz is made on the original parameters. We have also obtained an expression for the source parameters of the transformed equation under equivalence transformations. We conducted this work with a special emphasis on second-, third- and fourth-order equations, although some of our results are valid for equations of a general order.     

The Riccati Equation Method Combined with the Generalized Extended $(G'/G)$-Expansion Method for Solving the Nonlinear KPP Equation

An analytic study of the nonlinear Kolmogorov-Petrovskii-Piskunov (KPP) equation is presented in this paper. The Riccati equation method combined with the generalized extended $(G''/G)$-expansion method is an interesting approach to find more general exact solutions of the nonlinear evolution equations in mathematical physics. We obtain the traveling wave solutions involving parameters, which are expressed by the hyperbolic and trigonometric function solutions. When the parameters are taken as special values, the solitary and periodic wave solutions are given. Comparison of our new results in this paper with the well-known results are given.     

果树干周生长模型的研究

生长模型是定量研究果树干周生长过程的有效手段.果树干周生长规律常用L og istic方程、M itscherlich方程、三参数和四参数的R ichards方程、三角函数方程来模拟.本文首次用拟W e ibu ll方程模拟果树干周的生长规律,结果表明,W e ibu ll方程达到了与果树干周最佳拟合的效果,同时,本文方法可先给定由实际情况(如立地条件等)所确定的干周生长的最大值,这使得在研究中可以更好地预测果树将来的干周增长.另外,考虑到因实际情况所造成的初始干周不同这种普遍现象及其引起的生长过程的差异,本文直接引入与单株树体有关的基准干周作为参数,建立了与实际生长情况相结合的干周生长模型,获得了满意的结果.     

Solitary wave solution of the generalized Hirota–Satsuma coupled KdV system

In this research, we find the exact traveling wave solutions involving parameters of the generalized Hirota–Satsuma couple KdV system according to the modified simple equation method with the aid of Maple 16. When these parameters are taken special values, the solitary wave solutions are derived from the exact traveling wave solutions. It is shown that the modified simple equation method provides an effective and a more powerful mathematical tool for solving nonlinear evolution equations in mathematical physics. Comparison between our results and the well-known results will be presented.     

Exact Solutions and Integrability of the Duffing – Van der Pol Equation

The force-free Duffing–Van der Pol oscillator is considered. The truncated expansions for finding the solutions are used to look for exact solutions of this nonlinear ordinary differential equation. Conditions on parameter values of the equation are found to have the linearization of the Duffing–Van der Pol equation. The Painlevé test for this equation is used to study the integrability of the model. Exact solutions of this differential equation are found. In the special case the approach is simplified to demonstrate that some well-known methods can be used for finding exact solutions of nonlinear differential equations. The first integral of the Duffing–Van der Pol equation is found and the general solution of the equation is given in the special case for parameters of the equation. We also demonstrate the efficiency of the method for finding the first integral and the general solution for one of nonlinear second-order ordinary differential equations.     

Invariant imbedding and the identification of aquifer parameters

The technique of invariant imbedding is applied to the problem of identifying the parameters in an unconfined aquifer system. This new technique is shown to be a very effective way of converting field observations based upon pumping tests into the desired aquifer parameters. The procedure is straightforward as it requires neither curve plotting nor graphical matching. The parameters to be identified are the hydraulic conductivity and specific storage in an extensive unconfined aquifer system. Results and numerical experiments are presented.Identification is an inverse process whereby the parameters embedded in a differential equation are determined from observations of systems input and output along with appropriate initial and boundary conditions. These parameters are usually noy physically measurable. In general, the governing equation is nonlinear with no closed-form solution.In this paper, this inverse problem is solved by invariant imbedding and quasilinearization. A comparison is made between these methods. The problem of convergence and stability is discussed and demonstrated by numerical experimentation.     

Numerical solution of the nonlinear Schrodinger equation by feedforward neural networks

We present a method to solve boundary value problems using artificial neural networks (ANN). A trial solution of the differential equation is written as a feed-forward neural network containing adjustable parameters (the weights and biases). From the differential equation and its boundary conditions we prepare the energy function which is used in the back-propagation method with momentum term to update the network parameters. We improved energy function of ANN which is derived from Schrodinger equation and the boundary conditions. With this improvement of energy function we can use unsupervised training method in the ANN for solving the equation. Unsupervised training aims to minimize a non-negative energy function. We used the ANN method to solve Schrodinger equation for few quantum systems. Eigenfunctions and energy eigenvalues are calculated. Our numerical results are in agreement with their corresponding analytical solution and show the efficiency of ANN method for solving eigenvalue problems.     

Global dynamics and control of a nonlinear body equation with strong structural damping

A nonlinear hinged extensible elastic body equation with strong structural damping and Balakrishnan-Taylor damping of full exponent is studied as a general model for large space structures of higher dimensions. In this paper, the absorbing sets and flat inertial manifold are obtained for this nonlinear body equation. The control spillover problem associated with the stabilization of this equation is resolved by constructing a linear finite dimensional feedback, control based on the existence of inertial manifolds of the uncontrolled equation. Moreover, the results obtained are robust with respect to the uncertainty in structural parameters. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 19701023)