改进的Glauber理论和核–核反应总截面

利用Glauber理论系统计算了中、低能条件下核–核反应总截面.讨论了量子效应、库仑效应以及核子–核子碰撞同位旋效应对Glauber理论的修正.发现在应用Glauber理论计算中、低能核–核反应截面时,量子修正是重要的.利用修正了的Glauber理论,系统计算了从低能到高能大量稳定线附近的核–核反应总截面,在没有可调参数的情况下,都与实验结果较好地符合.     

改进型Andersson–Braun中子雷姆仪对0.025eV–45.4MeV中子的能量响应

描述了一种适用于高能粒子加速器周围杂散辐射场测量的改进型Andersson-Braun中子雷姆仪的原理与结构. 利用国内外多种类型的中子源装置,进行了中子能量从0.025eV-45.4MeV的注量率能量响应实验,实验表明,这种改进型Andersson-Braun中子雷姆仪,对能量大于20MeV中子的响应,比普通Andersson-Braun中子雷姆仪有明显的改善.     

Blume–Emery–Griffiths纳米管的热力学与相变性质

利用有效场理论研究了圆柱形纳米管上Blume-Emery-Griffiths系统的热力学与相变性质,得到了系统的磁化强度、磁化率、比热和相图.讨论了四次交换作用与二次交换作用的比值 与晶格场对系统热力学量和相图的影响.研究发现:系统存在三临界点,且三临界点由参数 和晶格场共同决定,即若确定了参数 ,则三临界点所对应的晶格场也能确定.随着参数 的增加,系统出现三临界点时所对应的温度和晶格场也相应增大.     

Berry联络与吴–杨单极势

通过研究一半整数自旋值的中性粒子在球对称磁场中的Born-Oppenheimer方程,发现在自旋空间Berry联络呈非阿贝尔形式.在绝热近似下,Berry联络相当于阿贝尔形式的吴-杨单极场.由于拓扑的非平庸性,利用纤维丛中截面的概念研究了位形空间的动力学,发现中心势场中粒子的角动量和能量均取量子化值,但数值发生移动,这是纯几何起源的现象.     

利用Si–PIN探测器测量DPF装置中子产额

介绍了Si-PIN中子探测器的结构和测量原理,分析了探测器对14MeV中子的灵敏度.利用该探测器测量了等离子焦点装置的D-T脉冲中子产额,实验结果与SDIN500探测器测量结果在5?%不确定度范围内一致     

原子核阻止是核子–核子碰撞截面的可能探针

利用同位旋相关的输运理论,研究了不同中子–质子比的碰撞系统在中能重离子碰撞过程中,原子核阻止的同位旋效应及其对束流能量和碰撞参数的依赖性.计算表明对于所研究的4个碰撞系统,在从费米能附近到大约150MeV/u的较宽入射能量范围内,近心碰撞的原子核阻止强烈地依赖于核子–核子碰撞截面的同位旋相关性,而对称势对它的影响并不明显.故原子核阻止是提取介质中核子–核子碰撞截面的灵敏探针.研究还表明动量相关势对原子核阻止的重要作用是不可忽略的.     

4+2D维Einstein–Maxwell量子宇宙

利用推广的Hartle-Hawking假设,研究了4+2D维Einstein-Maxwell量子宇宙,计算了微超空间波函数的近似解.发现当D≤2时存在与观测宇宙相符合的暴胀解.     

IBM–2有效玻色子数和它在系统学中的应用

总结并讨论了中重核区域偶偶核IBM-2有效玻色子数随质子数和中子数变化的情况,并利用这一结果给出稀土区和锕系区偶偶核随变化的系统学结果,注意到这两个区域随变化的特点,并给以定性解释.此外,本文还采用有效玻色子数的概念,对锕系区的B(M1)系统学性质作了预言.     

中能重离子碰撞中的气–液相变和同位旋分馏

利用核物质理论研究气–液相变结果表明,气–液相变中临界温度T_c随系统质量的增加而增加,但随碰撞系统同位旋的增加而减小.利用改进的同位旋相关的量子分子动力学模型,研究了中能重离子碰撞过程中同位旋分馏强度随碰撞系统的同位旋和系统质量的变化,结果表明,同位旋分馏强度与气–液相变临界温度T_c有对应的关系,特别是气–液相变和同位旋分馏都发生在正常核密度以下低密度的spinodal不稳定区.这表明气–液相变和同位旋分馏具有相类似的动力学行为和内在联系,也预示着可以通过对同位旋分馏强度的研究和测量来揭示中能重离子碰撞过程中气–液相变的动力学特征     

高能核–核碰撞Drell–Yan过程K因子常数性的研究

在高能核–核碰撞Drell-Yan过程考虑湮没项和康普顿散射项的基础上,利用双重Q²重标度模型,分别计算了碳、钙、铁、锡与其自身的核–核碰撞.结果表明,对于不同的x₁值,K因子随x₂的变化很不相同;同时,K因子变化的幅度是随核素A不同而发生微弱变化的,在特定的x₁,x₂取值有限范围内它不能近似取为常数.计算结果与实验的对比是对所用模型及QCD理论适用性的一种检验.     

A Deformation-Theoretical Approach to Weyl Quantization on Riemannian Manifolds

By using a sheaf-theoretical language, we introduce a notion of deformation quantization allowing not only for formal deformation parameters but also for real or complex ones as well. As a model for this approach to deformation quantization, we construct a quantization scheme for cotangent bundles of Riemannian manifolds. Here, we essentially use a complete symbol calculus for pseudodifferential operators on a Riemannian manifold. Depending on a scaling parameter, our quantization scheme corresponds to normally ordered, Weyl or antinormally ordered quantization. Finally, it is shown that our quantization scheme induces a family of pairwise isomorphic strongly closed star products on a cotangent bundle.     

Geometric quantization and constraints in field theory

The main objective of this series of lectures is a discussion of the problem of quantization of systems with constraints, first studied by P.A.M. Dirac. I want to reinterprete Dirac's approach to quantization of constraints in the framework of geometric quantization, and then use it to discuss some aspects of quantized Yang-Mills fields. We begin with a review of geometric quantization and the implied relationship between the co-adjoint orbits and the irreducible unitary representations of Lie groups. Next, we discuss an intrinsic Hamiltonian formulation of a class of field theories which includes gauge theories and general relativity. Quantization of this class of field theories is discussed. Dirac's approach to quantization of constraints is reinterpreted in the framework of geometric quantization.     

Fractional corresponding operator in quantum mechanics and applications: A uniform fractional Schrödinger equation in form and fractional quantization methods

In this paper we use Dirac function to construct a fractional operator called fractional corresponding operator, which is the general form of momentum corresponding operator. Then we give a judging theorem for this operator and with this judging theorem we prove that R–L, G–L, Caputo, Riesz fractional derivative operator and fractional derivative operator based on generalized functions, which are the most popular ones, coincide with the fractional corresponding operator. As a typical application, we use the fractional corresponding operator to construct a new fractional quantization scheme and then derive a uniform fractional Schrödinger equation in form. Additionally, we find that the five forms of fractional Schrödinger equation belong to the particular cases. As another main result of this paper, we use fractional corresponding operator to generalize fractional quantization scheme by using Lévy path integral and use it to derive the corresponding general form of fractional Schrödinger equation, which consequently proves that these two quantization schemes are equivalent. Meanwhile, relations between the theory in fractional quantum mechanics and that in classic quantum mechanics are also discussed. As a physical example, we consider a particle in an infinite potential well. We give its wave functions and energy spectrums in two ways and find that both results are the same.     

Deformation quantization of the heisenberg group

After reviewing the way the quantization of Poisson Lie Groups naturally leads to Quantum Groups we use the existing quantum versionH(1)q of the Heisenberg algebra to give an explicit example of this quantization on the Heisenberg group.     

Affine holomorphic quantization

We present a rigorous and functorial quantization scheme for affine field theories, i.e., field theories where local spaces of solutions are affine spaces. The target framework for the quantization is the general boundary formulation, allowing to implement manifest locality without the necessity for metric or causal background structures. The quantization combines the holomorphic version of geometric quantization for state spaces with the Feynman path integral quantization for amplitudes. We also develop an adapted notion of coherent states, discuss vacuum states, and consider observables and their Berezin–Toeplitz quantization. Moreover, we derive a factorization identity for the amplitude in the special case of a linear field theory modified by a source-like term and comment on its use as a generating functional for a generalized S$S$-matrix.     

The large numbers hypothesis and quantum mechanics

In this paper, the suggested similarity between micro and macrocosmos is extended to quantum behavior, postulating that quantum mechanics, like general relativity and classical electrodynamics, is invariant under discrete scale transformations. This hypothesis leads to a large scale quantization of angular momenta. Using the scale factor Λ ~ 10³⁸, the corresponding quantum of action, obtained by scaling the Planck constant, is close to the Kerr limit for the spin of the universe - when this is considered as a huge rotating black hole - and to the spin of Gödel’s universe, solution of Einstein equations of gravitation. Besides, we suggest the existence of another, intermediate, scale invariance, with scale factor λ ~ 10¹⁹. With this factor we obtain, from Fermi’s scale, the values for the gravitational radius and for the collapse proper time of a typical black hole, besides the Kerr limit value for its spin. It is shown that the mass-spin relations implied by the two referred scale transformations are in accordance with Muradian’s Regge-like relations for galaxy clusters and stars. Impressive results are derived when we use a λ-scaled quantum approach to calculate the mean radii of planetary orbits in solar system. Finally, a possible explanation for the observed quantization of galactic redshifts is suggested, based on the large scale quantization conjecture.     

基于数学形态谱和二维矢量分类网络的模式识别及二维矢量分类网络的光学实现

介绍一种基于数学形态谱和二维矢量分类网络的模式识别体系。数学形态谱相对于图像平移和旋转不变。建立了光学二维矢量分类网络，利用光学逻辑操作和最大值网络的循环操作，得到与输入图像最佳匹配的模式。     

Time-Symmetric Quantization in Spacetimes with Event Horizons

The standard quantization formalism in spacetimes with event horizons implies a non-unitary evolution of quantum states, as initial pure states may evolve into thermal states. This phenomenon is behind the famous black hole information loss paradox which provoked long-standing debates on the compatibility of quantum mechanics and gravity. In this paper we demonstrate that within an alternative time-symmetric quantization formalism thermal radiation is absent and states evolve unitarily in spacetimes with event horizons. We also discuss the theoretical consistency of the proposed formalism. We explicitly demonstrate that the theory preserves the microcausality condition and suggest a “reinterpretation postulate” to resolve other apparent pathologies associated with negative energy states. Accordingly as there is a consistent alternative, we argue that choosing to use time-asymmetric quantization is a necessary condition for the black hole information loss paradox.     

Towards the deformation quantization of linearized gravity

We present a first attempt to apply the approach of deformation quantization to linearized Einstein's equations. We use the analogy with Maxwell equations to derive the field equations of linearized gravity from a modified Maxwell Lagrangian which allows the construction of a Hamiltonian in the standard way. The deformation quantization procedure for free fields is applied to this Hamiltonian. As a result we obtain the complete set of quantum states and the discrete energy spectrum of linearized gravity.