甲基丙烯酸甲酯与海藻酸接枝共聚合反应的研究

研究了甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)在过硫酸钾(KPS)-尿素(U)引发体系作用下与海藻酸钠的接枝共聚反应,红外吸收光谱证明了接枝共聚物的结构。结果表明,当[KPS]=[U]=4.0×10~(-3)mol/L、[MMA]=4.0×10~(-1)mol/L、海藻酸钠用量为20g/L,50℃反应5小时,接枝率及接枝效率较高。     

铜—四（4—甲氧基—3—磺酸苯基）卟啉配合物吸附伏安法的研究

铜-四(4-甲氧基-3-磺酸苯基)卟啉络合物在0.1mol/L KOH溶液中,在-1.25V(vs.SCE)有一灵敏的吸附还原峰,峰高与Cu~(2+)浓度在3.1×10~(-9)～1.5×10~(-7)mol/L范围内呈线性关系。检出限达8×10~(-10)mol/L(富集2min)。本文详细讨论了测定铜的最佳条件,并对试剂及其铜络合物在悬汞电极上的伏安特性和吸附行为作了探讨。此法用于工业硫酸锌盐中微量铜的测定,结果与光度法、原子吸收法一致。     

吸附溶出催化伏安法测定人参中的锗

本文提出了利用吸附溶出催化伏安法测定人参中锗的方法。最佳体系为:2.5×10~(-2)mol/LH_2O_2、2.0×10~(-2)mol/L邻苯二酚、2.0×10~(-3)mol/L H_2SO_4。线性范围为2.0×10~(-9)～2.0×10~(-7)mol/L。当富集时间为4 min时,最低检测浓度为4.0×10~(-10)mol/L。此法己成功地应用于测定人参中的锗。     

一种基于形成杂多核络合物的荧光增敏效应的研究 Ⅲ.锰(Ⅱ)、钴(Ⅱ)的混合荧光增敏及其连续测定

本文研究了Mn~(2+)和Co~(2+)对7-(8-羟基-3,6-二磺基萘偶氮)-8-羟基喹啉-5-磺酸-硼砂反应体系的混合荧光增敏作用。实验条件下,荧光增敏强度满足线性加和关系的范围是:Mn~(2+)浓度0～2.9×10~(-7)mol/L;Co~(2+)浓度0～8.8×10~(-7)mol/L;总浓度不超过1.0×10~(-6)mol/L。检出限量为Mn~(2+)4.5×10~(-9)mol/L和Co~(2+)1.4×10~(-8)mol/L。实现了Mn~(2+)和Co~(2+)的连续测定。     

铋-N-苯甲酰苯胲络合吸附波的研究

在pH5.6的0.2mol/L NH_4Ac-3×10~(14)mol/L N-苯甲酰苯胲(N-BPHA)底液中,用单扫示波极谱法可得到Bi(Ⅲ)的络合物吸附波,峰电位-0.33V(vs.SCE)左右。导数峰高与铋的浓度在5.0×10~(-8)～4.0×10~(-6)mol/L的范围内呈线性关系,检出限为2.0×10~(-8)mol/L。实验表明,该极谱峰属于络合物吸附波,测定其络合比为Bi(Ⅲ):N-BPHA=1:3。测定了该体系的吸附量;Bi(Ⅲ)-N-BPHA络合物在悬汞电极上的吸附符合Frumkin等温式,测得吸附系数β=2.87×10~5,吸引因子α=0.984。用于矿石中微量铋的测定。     

尼莫地平的吸附伏安行为

在NH_3-NH_4Cl底液中,尼莫地平(nimodipine,NMD)在汞电极上有一线性扫描还原峰,峰电位E_(pc)=-0.62V(vs.Ag/AgCl).该峰具有明显的吸附性,吸附粒子为NMD中性分子.测得NMD在汞电极上的饱和吸附量为1.49 ×10~(-10)mol/cm~2,每个NMD分子所占电极面积为1.11nm~2,NMD在悬汞电极上的吸附符合Frumkin等温式.测得吸附系数β=4.32×10~5,吸附因素γ=0.46;吸附自由能△G°=-32.14kJ/mol;电子转移数n=4;不可逆吸附的动力学参数αn_α为1.10.探讨了NMD在汞电极上的还原机理,并建立了吸附溶出伏安法测定NMD的最佳条件,检测限为1.0×10~(-9)mol/L.     

镓(Ⅲ)-茜素红体系的吸附伏安法

本文对镓(Ⅲ)与茜素红络合物在悬汞电极上的吸附伏安法作了研究,确定了电极过程.在HAc-NH_4Ac(pH4.06)缓冲溶液中茜素红存在下,用1.5阶微分吸附伏安法测定镓,其线性范围是1×10~(-10)～1×10~(-7)mol/L,其检测限为1×10~(-10)mol/L,并用此法测定了中草药中的痕量镓.     

肌酐-铜(Ⅱ)体系的电化学氧化及分析应用

肌酐能够和Cu~(2+)生成络合物,该络合物可以吸附于玻碳电极表面,在pH3.50的NH_4Cl-HCl底液中,吸附于电极表面的肌酐-Cu~(2+)络合物在较负的电位下还原为肌酐-Cu~+,当电极向正向扫描时,产生一个灵敏的表面催化波,其峰电流和肌酐的浓度在1.0×10~(-5)～1.0×10~(-8)mol/L范围内有良好的线性关系,其检出限为1.0×10~(-9)mol/L(富集5min).研究了肌酐-Cu~(2+)络合物在玻碳电极上的氧化还原机理,选择了测定肌酐的最佳实验条件,建立了测定肌酐的新的灵敏的方法.     

铑(Ⅲ)-钼酸盐-丁基罗丹明B缔合显色反应的研究

在聚乙烯醇(PVA)存在下,铑与钼酸盐和丁基罗丹明B(BRB)形成寓于缔合物,缔合物的最大吸收峰位于570nm,摩尔吸光系数ε值为3.22×10~5L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1),服从比耳定律范围0～8μgRh/25ml,摩尔比Rh:BRB1:4:,缔合物至少稳定240h。测定铑的适宜条件为C_(HCIO_4)=1.5mol/L,C_(MoO_4~(8-)),3.3×10~(-8)mol/L,C_(BRA)=3.8×10~(-5)mol/L,PVA0.08％。考察了41种共存离子的影响,常见元素不干扰。本法已用于催化剂和回收液中铑的测定,结果满意。本文还探讨了反应机理。     

氟哌啶醇的吸附伏安法研究

于NH_3-NH_4Cl底液中,氟哌啶醇(Hal)在悬汞电极上有一灵敏的还原蜂。EPC为-1.55V(vs饱和Ag/AgCl电极),其线性扫描吸附伏安法的线性范围为5.0×10~(-9)～9.0×10~(-7)mol/L。最低检测限为2.0×10~(-9)mol/L。测定了用药患者的尿样及针剂,片剂中Hal的含量,结果满意。对Hal在汞电极上的电化学性质,特别是吸附性进行了探讨。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.