Isotope exchange between bis/diethyl dithiocarbamate/ copper/II/ complex and Cu2+ ion

Isotope exchange behaviour of bis/diethyl dithiocarbamate/ copper/II/ complex has been studied at 30 °C and 40 °C varying the concentration of the complex and metal ion. Results indicate that the complex is labile in chloroform dimethyl sulphoxide medium. Increase in concentration has significant effect on the rate of the reaction. Similarly the increase in temperature increased the rate of the reaction.     

Isotope exchange study of bis/diethyl dithio carbamate/cadmium/II/ complex

Isotope exchange behaviour of bis/diethyl dithio carbamate/cadmium/II/ complex has been studied at 25°C and 35°C varying the concentrations of both metal ion and the complex. The results show that the complex is kinetically labile and the concentration has a significant effect on the rate of the reaction. Increase in temperature also effects the rate of exchange.     

Recoil implantation reaction in geometrical isomers of tris/benzoylacetonato/chromium/III/

Hot atom chemical reaction by⁵⁰Cr/n, /⁵¹Cr and⁵²Cr/, n/⁵¹Cr reactions, and recoil implantation reaction by⁵¹V/p, n/⁵¹Cr reaction were investigated using geometrical isomers /mer and fac/ of tris/benzoylacetonato/ chromium/III/ /Cr/ba/₃/. The production of counter isomer was observed for both mer- and fac-targets, although the yield of labelled parent isomer was larger. The observed mer/fac yield ratio suggests that the main formation mechanism of⁵¹Cr/ba/₃ is the reaction of ba^– and Cr/ba/ ₂ ⁺ which has the same geometrical configuration of target complex, and the substitution reaction of central metal atom by recoil⁵¹Cr. Furthermore, implantation gave rise to a much higher yield of labelled Cr/ba/₃ compared to the case of in situ nuclear recoils.     

Isotope exchange behaviour of bis/diethyldithiocarbamate/mercury/II/ complex

Isotope exchange behaviour of bis/diethyldithiocarbamate/mercury/II/ complex has been studied at 25°C and 45°C varying the concentrations of both metal ion and the complex. The results show that the complex is kinetically labile. Temperature has a significant effect on the rate of the reaction. Increase in concentration increases the reaction rate.     

Growth and characterization of tris thiourea chromium(III) sulphate

Single crystal of tris thiourea chromium(III) sulphate was grown by slow evaporation technique at 303?K. The structural properties of the grown crystals were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, UV spectroscopy and powder X-ray diffraction analysis. FTIR and UV spectra provide information about the presence of functional groups. Thermal analysis confirms that the crystal is thermally stable up to 163.48?°C. The TG curve presented a two-step mass loss on heating the compound at 0?C1,200?°C.     

EXAFS and IR structural study of platinum-based anticancer drugs' degradation by diethyl dithiocarbamate

Platinum compounds constitute a discrete class of DNA-damaging anticancer drug agents, including cisplatin, carboplatin, and oxaliplatin. The toxicity of such drugs raises the problem of waste detoxification. Diethyl dithiocarbamate (DDTC) is recommended by the World Heath Organization (WHO) for the destruction of cisplatin, but the degradation product has not been structurally characterized. This paper deals with the extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) and IR structural study of the reaction products of DDTC with cisplatin, carboplatin, and oxaliplatin. Cisplatin and carboplatin give the same reaction product: Pt(DDTC)2. In the case of oxaliplatin, we observed the formation of [(diaminocyclohexane)(DDTC)Pt(II)]. In all cases, the replacement of labile ligands by strong ligands should lead to inactive compounds. Our results suggest that the WHO inactivation protocol might be extended to carboplatin and oxaliplatin. Nevertheless, this should be validated by toxicity tests of the degradation products.     

Thermal racemization of tris(1,10-phenanthroline) chromium(III)

The thermal racemization of (+)₅₈₉-Cr phen₃(ClO₄)₃ has been examined under a variety of medium conditions. The racemization rate constant in water at 75°C, for example, is 8·5 × 10⁻⁵ sec⁻¹, with an energy and entropy of activation of 23·5 kcal mole⁻¹ and −10·9 e.u., respectively. The effect of acid, hydroxide, and various other added ions on the rate constant has been investigated, and the results compared with other tris-phenanthroline systems. An intramolecular twist process is considered the most probable mechanism of racemization.     

Isotope exchange between U/III/ and U/IV/ in the HCl-TBP extraction system

The measurement of the isotope-exchange reaction between U/IV/ in the organic phase and U/III/ in the aqueous phase in the extraction systems: 7-8M HCl—5–40% TBP /aromatic diluent or CCL₄/ were made. The high rate of exchange with the rate constant >10²M^–1min^–1 was observed.     

Synthesis and structural characterization of tris (methacrylato)chromium(III)

A straightforward synthetic route to produce tris(methacrylato)chromium(III), Cr(O₂C(CH₃)C=CH₂)₃, by reacting sodium methacrylate with an aqueous solution of CrCl₃ gave a blue microcrystalline powder, insoluble in most common solvents. Electronic spectroscopy (UV-Vis), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), were employed to characterize Cr(O₂C(CH₃)C=CH₂)₃. Morphology and elemental composition of this compound were determined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX), respectively. Spherical particles of approximately 2.5 µm in diameter were obtained. Thermal stability of the product was investigated via thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The spectroscopic studies revealed that the coordination sphere around the chromium ion corresponds to a chelating bidentate carboxylate-Cr(III) complex. Thermal stability above 350°C, and spherical shape particles of few micrometers in diameter, suggest a potential application of this novel compound as a catalyst in oxidation reactions.     

Probing the R lines in tris(acetylacetonato) chromium(III) and tris(3-bromo-acetylacetonato) chromium(III) by luminescence and excitation line narrowing spectroscopy

Site-selective and narrowed luminescence and excitation spectra in the region of the (2)E <-- (4)A 2 transitions are reported for single crystals of Al(acac) 3/Cr(III) and Al(3-Br-acac) 3/Cr(III) (where acac is acetylacetonate). The R 2 line is pronounced in the brominated system and displays a comparable oscillator strength as the R 1 line. The (2)E splitting is found to be 138 cm (-1), and the (4)A 2 ground-state splitting is 1.39 cm (-1). However, in the case of the Al(acac) 3/Cr(III) system the R 2 line is not a distinct feature. We propose that vibronic coupling via a second-order Jahn-Teller effect leads to a redistribution of R 2 intensity over several vibrational sidelines. An upper limit for the R 1 line width Gamma h = 15 MHz is deduced for the Al(acac) 3/Cr(III) 1% system at 1.5 K. This line width is limited by direct and indirect electron-spinelectron-spin interactions. Accurate zero-field splittings (1.20, 1.19, 1.17 cm (-1)) for the three sites in Al(acac) 3/Cr(III) are determined and compared with previously published electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) data.     

Thermal and magnetic studies of mixed ligand complexes of chromium(III) containing dithiocarbamate and acetylacetone/oxine/glycine moieties

Chromium(III) complexes of the type Cr(A)(A′)2, Cr(A)2(A′) and Cr(A)3 have been prepared (whereA is either piperidyldithiocarbamate or morpholyldithiocarbamate andA′ is glycine or oxine or acetylacetone moiety). The mixed ligand complexes have been charac terized by elemental analyses, magnetic susceptibility measurements and thermal studies. The complexes show magnetic moment in the range of 3.5–4.3 B.M. which corresponds to three unpaired electrons. TG studies have also been carried out, in order to study the mode of decomposition of the complexes and to evaluate various kinetic parameters.     

Thermal decomposition of tris(N,N-disubstituted dithiocarbamate) complexes of As(III), Sb(III) and Bi(III)

Thermal studies on tris(N,N-disubstituted dithiocarbamates) of arsenic(III), antimony(III) and bismuth(III) of the type M[S₂CX]₃ (M=As, Sb, Bi; X=NEt₂, N(CH₂)₄O) by simultaneous TG, DTG and DTA were carried out in air and nitrogen atmospheres. The apparent activation energies were determined by the graphical method of Freeman-Carroll, modified forn=1, and Piloyan's two methods from the TG and DTG curves. The TTN temperatures were calculated from the TG profiles.A possible mechanism of the decomposition reaction is suggested on the basis of the results of their pyrolysis and their mass spectral data.The intermediates obtained at the ends of various decomposition stages were identified via elemental analysis and i. r. and mass spectral data, whereas the residues were identified by X-ray powder diffraction analysis. A dimeric structure of the type M₂[S₂CN(CH₂)₄O]₄ (M=As, Sb) is proposed.

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Zusammenfassung N,N-Disubstituierte Tris-dithiocarbaminate von Arsen(III), Antimon(III) und Wismut(III) des Typs M[S₂CX]₃ (M=As, Sb, Bi; X=NEt₂, N(CH₂)₄O) wurden simultan mittels TG, DTG und DTA in Luft- und StickstoffatmosphÄre untersucht. Die scheinbaren Aktivierungsenergien wurden nach der fürn=1 modifizierten graphischen Methode von Freemann-Carroll und nach den zwei Methoden von Piloyan aus den TG- und DTG-Kurven ermittelt. Die TTN-Temperaturen wurden aus den TG-Profilen berechnet. Ein möglicher Zersetzungsmechanismus wird basierend auf Ergebnissen der Pyrolyse und massenspektrometrischen Daten vorgeschlagen. Die nach den verschiedenen Zersetzungsstufen vorliegenden Zwischenprodukte wurden mittels Elementaranalyse sowie infrarot- und massenspektrometrischen Daten, der Rückstand durch Röntgenpulverdiffraktometrie identifiziert. Es wird eine dimere Struktur des Typs M₂[S₂CN(CH₂)₄O)₄ (M=As, Sb) vorgeschlagen.

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(N,N- ) , M[S₂CX]₃, M=As, Sb, Bi; a X=NEt₂, N(CH₂)₄O, , . —, n=1, . . - , . , , , , — - . M₂[S₂CN(CH₂)₄O]₄, M=As, Sb.

     

Investigations of chromium(III), manganese(III), tin(II) and lead(II) dithiocarbamate complexes

Piperidine-, morpholine-4-, N-methylpiperazine-4- and thiornorpholine-4-carbodithioate complexes of chromium(III), manganese(III), tin(II) and lead(II) are prepared and characterized by chemical analyses, spectroscopic methods (I.R. and electronic spectra), magnetic susceptibilities, conductivity measurements and mass spectra. The complexes are of the type M(R₂dtc)n, where n is the oxidation number of the metal ion. Where possible a tentative stereochemistry of the complexes is discussed on the basis of the results obtained. In all the complexes the dithiocarbamate ligands show bidentate behaviour.     

Polythermal solubility of chromium(III) and cobalt(III) tris(acetylacetonates) in water-tert-butanol mixtures

Solubility data for chromium(III) and cobalt(III) tris(acetylacetonates) in water and water-tert-butanol mixtures over a wide range of temperatures and alcohol concentrations were obtained, and thermodynamic parameters of solution were calculated. The dependences of solubility on the concentration of tert-butanol have an inversion point corresponding to a change in the hydration mechanism, when the solvent structure changes from water to aqueous alcohol.     

Gamma irradiation effects of51Cr/III/ Isotope exchange in doped magnesium chromate — zinc chromate mixtures

Gamma irradiation effects of chromium isotope exchange in magnesium chromate — zinc chromate mixtures doped with⁵¹Cr/III/ were investigated. It was found that irradiation has an oxidation effect and the percentage of⁵¹Cr/VI/ exchanged increases with increasing -ray dose. The data were explained in terms of mechanistic model involving metal and ligand vacancies exchange and substitution reactions.