金属卟啉自氧化反应研究

金属卟啉能在温和条件下催化PhIO、H_2O_2和NaClO等氧化剂对烷烃和烯烃的单充氧反应,但在这些氧化剂存在下,金属卟啉本身存在自毁灭现象而失去催化活性,关于金属卟啉的自毁灭现象,尚无文献详细报道,我们发现,这一现象实际上是金属卟啉在氧化剂作用下发生的自氧化反应,为了系统地研究并控制金属卟啉的自氧化反应,我们合成了9种不同结构的金属卟啉(图1),从动力学上对它们的自氧化反应进行了考察,研究发现,铁和铬卟琳的自氧化反应在动力学上为二级反应,锰卟啉为一级反应;卟啉环上的取代基,无论是吸电子基还是供电子基都使反应速度加快;但在反应体系中加入中性有机配体,能抑制金属卟啉的自氧化速度,氧化剂的能力越强,反应速度越快;溶剂的极性越小,反应速度越慢。     

配位负载金属卟啉的合成及催化氧化环己烷的性能研究

合成了三种与咪唑配体键合的新型载体，并通过其与四苯基卟啉铁卟啉锰配位得到了改性的负载金属卟啉催化剂。讨论了它们在催化氧化环己烷反应中的稳定性，活性等，结果表明本位负载方式明显提高了金属卟啉的稳定性，其中硅胶配置负载锰卟啉还具有较高的活性。     

配位负载金属卟啉的合成及催化氧化环已烷的性能研究

合成了三种与咪唑配体键合的新型载体，并通过其与四苯基卟啉铁和卟啉锰配位得到了改性的负载金属卟啉催化剂。讨论了它们在催化氧化环己烷反应中的稳定性、活性等，结果表明配位负载方式明显提高了金属卟啉的稳定性，其中硅胶配位负载锰卟啉还具有较高的活性。     

金属卟啉配合物对苯甲醛氧化的催化性能

不同金属四苯基卟啉(TPPM)催化氧化苯甲醛时,TPPMnOAc催化活性最高,TPPFeCl次之,TPPCo和TPPNi几乎无活性;TPPMnOAc苯环上吸电子取代基的存在有利于提高其催化活性和稳定性,苯环上邻位吸电子取代基能明显提高四苯基锰卟啉的稳定性,但由于空间位阻的原因,使其催化活性降低.在本模拟体系中,T(2,6 di Cl)PPMnOAc是一个较理想的催化剂.     

金属卟啉MTPPS对NADH氧化的催化作用

中位-四(对-磺基苯基)卟啉的铁、锰配合物(FeTPPS和MnTPPS)用作NADH氧化的催化剂,均相溶液中的反应动力学用紫外可见光谱测定。结果表明,在除氧的中性溶液中FeTPPS和MnTPPS降低了NADH在玻碳电极上氧化的过电位,过程用EC再生机理解释。在氧饱和的溶液中MTPPS起电子转移中介体的作用促进NADH氧化,其还原态被O~2氧化而生。测得FeTPPS和NADH反应的速率常数为3.3mol^-^1.L.s^-^1,而MnTPPS和NADH反应的速率常数约为FeTPPS的1/2。讨论了MTPPS作为NADH仿生氧化催化剂的前景。     

金属卟啉催化剂应用于均相氧化反应的研究进展

详细介绍了金属卟啉作为催化剂应用于各种均相氧化反应, 包括烷烃、烯烃、醇、醛、酚、硫化物、氮化物等化合物的氧化反应研究进展, 认为金属卟啉模拟酶催化剂在均相氧化反应中将有更大的应用前景.     

金属卟啉在催化氧化反应中的研究进展

金属卟啉作为P-450酶的有效模拟物,因在仿生催化氧化体系中具有效率高、选择性好、条件温和等特点,备受人们关注.本文详细介绍了近年来金属卟啉配合物作为催化剂在氧化反应方面的应用,主要包括烷烃、烯烃、醇、酮等底物的氧化,并对可能的反应机理、活性物种进行了总结.最后,展望了金属卟啉在氧化反应中的挑战与前景.     

双核铜(Ⅱ)配合物在H2O2存在下对DNA的氧化切割活性

A novel dinuclear copper(Ⅱ) complex, [Cu₂(phen)(dipic)₂(H₂O)₂]·2H₂O (phen=1,10-phenanthroline, dipicH₂=2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid), has been prepared and structurally characterized. The complex crystallizes in the triclinic system, space group P1 with cell parameters a=0.846 0(17) nm, b=1.289 5(3) nm, c=1.452 7(3) nm, α=77.42(3)°, β=79.11(3)°, γ=87.08(3)°, and V=1.518 8(6) nm³. The dinuclear complex shows potential DNA cleavage activity at micromolar concentration in the presence of H₂O₂ and exhibits higher nuclease efficiency than mononuclear complex [Cu(dipic)(H₂dipic)]·H₂O. Without external reductants, the added H₂O₂ may contribute to the generation of hydroxyl radicals that result in DNA strand scission.CCDC:291786.     

Cleavage of a DNA fragment by a binary oligonucleotide reagent

The possibility of specific cleavage of a single-stranded DNA fragment due to cooperative action of two oligonucleotide derivatives bearing chemical groups (at the 3"-phosphate and 5"-thiophosphate ends, respectively) located close to each other in a complementary complex is demonstrated.     

利用荧光标记引物和DNA自动测序仪确定DNA的断裂位点

建立了利用荧光标记引物和DNA自动测序仪进行DNA断裂位点分析的新方法, 该方法简便易行、灵敏度高、重复性好、数据分析客观性强、结果可靠, 适用于各种因素造成的DNA断裂位点的分析.     

Effect of Various Intercalators on the Fenton‐Type Oxidative Cleavage of Double‐Stranded DNA

The intensity of the linear dichroism (LD) in the absorption region of DNA (about 260 nm) decreased with time in the presence of [Fe(EDTA)]²⁺ (EDTA=ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid), H₂O₂, and ascorbate. The decrease in the LD signal indicated either an increase in flexibility, a shortening of the DNA stem, or both, owing to oxidative cleavage, and was best described by the difference between the two single‐exponential‐decay curves, thereby suggesting the involvement of two sequential first‐order reactions. The fast reaction was assigned to cleavage of one of two DNA strands, which increased the flexibility of the DNA. The slow reaction corresponded to cleavage at or near the first cleavage site, thereby shortening the DNA stem. The presence of an intercalator, including ethidium, propidium, 9‐aminoacridine, and proflavine, inhibited the first step of the cleavage reaction. One of the possible reasons for the observed inhibition might be a change in the DNA conformation near the intercalation site. Intercalation caused an unwinding and elongation of the DNA and resulted in changes in the location of the H atoms of the sugar moiety, which is known to be the main site at which hydroxyl radicals react.     

基于磁性微球的无标记化学发光端粒传感新技术

近年来无标记型DNA传感技术的研究已成为病原基因测定和基因疾病诊断等领域新的研究热点之一. 基于磁性微球分离和富集的方法, 建立了一种新型的无标记化学发光检测技术, 并成功地应用于特定序列DNA——端粒的检测. 首先采用dT₂₀修饰的磁性微球, 与连接有dA₂₀的捕获探针DNA杂交, 然后再与端粒进行第二步杂交反应. 磁性分离洗涤后, 利用端粒中富含的G碱基与3,4,5-三甲氧基苯乙二醛反应产生特异性化学发光, 从而实现特定序列 DNA——端粒的无标记检测. 实验结果表明: 该法具有操作简便、分析快速、灵敏度高、专属性好等特点. 目标DNA浓度在5×10^－9～1×10^－7 mol/L浓度范围内具有良好的线性关系, 相关系数为0.9918.     

PVP两亲性嵌段共聚物对超螺旋DNA的裂解活性

以PVP-Cl为大分子引发剂,经ATRP聚合制备得到窄分子量分布、结构可控的含不同亲水/疏水比例的两亲性聚N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮-b-聚N-甲基丙烯酰基-N＇-Boc-色氨酸酰胺基硫脲嵌段共聚物（PVP-b-PTrpAMT-I,II,III）.1H NMR核磁共振、GPC-MALLS以及凝胶电泳对嵌段共聚物的结构进行了表征...     

Sequence‐Specific DNA Alkylation by Hybrid Molecules between Segment A of Duocarmycin A and Pyrrole/Imidazole Diamide

In the absence of distamycin A (Dist), hybrids 1 (X=N, CH) selectively alkylate the 3′ end of adenine in AT‐rich DNA sequences. However, these hybrids can form a heterodimer with Dist to alkylate G residues of predetermined DNA sequences efficiently and with high selectivity.     

Electron Transfer through DNA in the Course of Radical-Induced Strand Cleavage

No benefit from base stacking is observed for rates of electron transfer in DNA. This conclusion was drawn from experiments with a new DNA assay in which a radical cationic site, generated by strand cleavage, can be reduced by the guanine bases in the same DNA (the electron transfer is indicated by arrows in the diagram). The distance dependence of this electron transfer step is determined by the chemical yield of the reduction product.