Theoretical Research on Sensitivity for Resonance Wavelength of Long Period Fiber Grating

In a long period fiber grating(LPFG), the forward-propagating guided mode in the core is coupled to a number of co-propagating lossy cladding modes at resonance wavelengths. Sensitivity of resonance wavelength against temperature, axial strain, and external refractive index is modeled in this paper. Schemes for temperature compensation and enhanced wavelength tuning of LPFG are proposed and analyzed. Experiments show accordant results with simulations. Temperature coefficient of the LPFG compensated by means of axial strain is below 1.8 nm/100℃. For the LPFG with polymer recoating layer, the enhanced tuning range is more than 70 nm.     

Tunable Ytterbium-Doped Fiber Laser Based on a Mechanically Induced Long Period Holey Fiber Grating

We describe a tunable double-clad Yb-doped fiber laser based on a long period fiber grating mechanically induced in a section of single mode holey fiber inserted into the laser cavity. The mechanically induced long period holey fiber grating acts as a wavelength-selective fiber filter whose central wavelength, linewidth, and strength can be tuned by changing the period, the length of the grating, and the applied pressure. The fiber laser gives a ∼12.6 nm tuning range, from ∼1079:4–1092nm, with slope efficiencies of 18.7–26.3% at this wavelength range, with respect to the launched pump power.     

A Novel Fabrication for Method Long Period Fiber Grating

A new method of fabricating all-fiber broadband-rejection filter based on long period fiber grating (LPFG) is proposed. The principle in the method is to make periodic asymmetrical deformation in the core of fiber without microbends by electrode discharging so as to induce periodic refractive index changes. Two kinds of filters whose rejection peak wavelength at 1550 nm and 1310 nm are obtained. The insertion loss is less than 0.6 dB and 1.4 dB respectively. The 20 dB bandwidth ranges from 10 nm to 39 nm. The backward reflection loss is extremely small (less than -70 dB). Such devices can be used as isolation filters in 1310/1550 nm WDM system and other fields.     

长周期光纤光栅模式与耦合的研究

长周期光纤光栅是在光纤纤芯中沿轴向形成折射率周期性调制的带阻型光纤器件。与光纤布拉格光栅不同，它表现为前向传播的纤芯基模与同向传播的各阶次包层模式在特定波长的耦合。研究了纤芯基模、包层模式（HE1t/EH1t）及其有效折射率随波长的变化，研究了纤芯基模与包层模式（HE1t/EH1t）的耦合系数。研究表明，纤芯基模与一阶低次包层模式的有效折射率随波长增大而减小，纤芯基模与HE1t产生的耦合系数远大于与EH1t的耦合系数，并且包层模式次数较低时，耦合系数随次数的升高而增加。这与以前的研究结果有所不同。     

光纤光栅激光器激射波长的研究

一般认为，用光纤光栅作选频元件的光纤激光器，激射波长与光纤光栅中心反射波长一致，本文报道了不同的实验研究结果。通过细致的实验研究，发现光纤光栅激光器激射波长相对于光纤光栅中心反射波长有一定的偏移。激射波长可以出现在光栅中心反射波长的长波端，也可以出现在其短波端。对不同腔结构的掺镱、掺铒光纤光栅激光器的深入研究证明，谐振腔的各向异性对激光器的激射波长偏移起到决定性的作用，波长最大偏移量主要受限于光纤光栅的反射带宽。通过激光腔内的偏振控制器改变谐振腔的各向异性，可以在光纤光栅的反射带宽内控制激射波长的位置。     

镀膜长周期光纤光栅耦合系数的研究

给出了镀膜长周期光纤光栅芯层模式和包层模式耦合的耦合系数的详细表达式,应用此表达式对镀膜长周期光纤光栅的耦合系数的特性进行了较为详细的研究。研究发现:1)同次模式的耦合系数随薄膜厚度变化而变化,在某些厚度下,奇次模式耦合的耦合系数与偶次模式耦合的耦合系数几乎相等;2)在某些厚度处,交流耦合系数会有跳变发生;3)交流耦合系数随环境折射率的变化而变化,并且当环境折射率靠近光纤包层折射率时交流耦合系数会有急剧跳变发生。     

新型光纤光栅中心波长与带宽独立调谐方法

提出了一种新型光纤光栅中心波长与带宽独立调谐方法，将光纤光栅沿圆柱形弹性梁的轴向成一定角度粘贴于侧面，通过改变梁的扭转角与侧向位移，实现了光纤布拉格光栅中心波长与带宽的准线性独立调谐，实验上获得了8．28nm准无啁啾波长调谐和5．32nm准无中心波长漂移的带宽调谐，实验结果与理论分析一致.     

光纤光栅传感器的波长检测系统及其理论分析

理论分析并实验研究了基于光纤光栅滤波调谐技术的光纤光栅传感系统。分析了由于光源光强度波动及光纤扰动而引起的波长测量误差，并给出了减小测量误差的方法。该系统采用应变仪作为读出设备，使测量结果的线性拟合度达0．9995，测量光纤光栅布拉格波长移动的最小分辨率为1．3pm。     

Bend Sensing with Temperature-insensitive Long-period Fiber Grating

1　Ｉｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎ　　Ｌｏｎｇ ｐｅｒｉｏｄｆｉｂｅｒ ｇｒａｔｉｎｇｓ (ＬＰＧｓ )ｒｅｃｅｎｔｌｙａｔｔｒａｃｔｅｄｍｕｃｈａｔｔｅｎｔｉｏｎｆｏｒｕｓｅｉｎｏｐｔｉｃａｌｓｅｎｓｉｎｇａｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｓ[1,2 ] .Ｔｈｅｙａｒｅｕｓｅｄａｓｓｅｎｓｉｎｇｃｏｍｐｏｎｅｎｔｓｔｏｍｅａｓｕｒｅｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅ ,ｓｔｒａｉｎａｎｄｂｅｎｄｉｎｇｏｆｆｉｂｅｒ .Ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ ,ｍｉｎｉｍｉｚｉｎｇｔｈｅｃｒｏｓｓｔａｌｋｂｅｔｗｅｅｎｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｔｍｅａｓｕｒａｎｄｓ,ｅｓｐｅｃ…     

CO_2激光写入的长周期光纤光栅加速度传感器实验研究

基于高频CO_2激光在普通单模光纤上制作的长周期光纤光栅的应变和弯曲特性,本文设计制作了一种新型的加速度传感器.基于等强度梁理论分析了梁振动与长周期光纤光栅输出光强之间的关系,最后推导出了系统的加速度理论模型.文中搭建了长周期光纤光栅加速度计的实验测量系统.实验结果表明系统的加速度灵敏度约为2.82 v/g,准确度约为8.96×10~(-4) g,加速度测量误差约为0.82%.基于这种长周期光纤光栅的加速度计具有成本低、灵敏度较高等优点,因此在振动测量、惯性导航等方面将具有较好的潜在应用价值.     

All-Fiber Dual-Parameter Sensor Based on Cascaded Long Period Fiber Grating Pair Fabricated by Femtosecond Laser and CO2 Laser

An all-fiber dual-parameter sensor based on cascaded long period grating pair fabricated by femtosecond laser and CO₂ laser has been proposed and realized both theoretically and experimentally. The resonant wavelengths of LPFGs are 1557.80 nm and 1590.88 nm. In the strain range of 0–400 με, strain sensitivities are ?7.2 pm/με for C-LPFG and ?1.6 pm/με for F-LPFG. In the temperature range of 30–70°C, temperature sensitivities are ?41.1 pm/°C for C-LPFG and ?21.2 pm/°C for F-LPFG. By analyzing the resonant wavelength characterization, the proposed sensor can be efficiently used for dual-parameters measurement with promising application prospect and great research reference value.     

用于光纤光栅解调的波长敏感光纤耦合器

为了拓宽光纤耦合器的使用范围,开发光纤耦合器的新功能,采用熔锥技术制作波长敏感耦合器,该耦合器在分光的同时对波长敏感。通过耦合理论验证实验结果,实验数据与理论值相符合。实验中得到波长灵敏度最大值为17.86%/nm的耦合器。采用拉锥工艺制作波长敏感耦合器工艺简单,耦合比峰值对应波长控制易于实现。该耦合器可用于光纤光栅布拉格波长漂移解调。令待解调光纤光栅布拉格波长与耦合器波长灵敏度最大值对应的波长一致,当波长发生漂移时,耦合器输出耦合比发生变化。自制的波长敏感耦合器实现了对布拉格波长为1566.71 nm光纤光栅波长漂移的解调,波长漂移1.80 nm,耦合比变化20.34%。此种解调方式具有光路简单,易于与光纤匹配的优点,可以应用在大型建筑中光纤光栅的健康监测。     

光纤光栅增益平坦化器件的研究

采用幅度掩模和程控扫描曝光技术在经过氢载敏化处理的普通单模光纤上研制出了可用于实现掺铒光纤放大器增益谱平坦化的长周期光纤光栅器件。该器件使掺铒光纤放大器在３０ ｎｍ带宽上的增益谱波动从±３ ｄＢ减小为±０．３ ｄＢ, 器件的附加损耗小于０．３ ｄＢ。     

光纤激光器中激光波长相对于光纤光栅反射中心的偏移

在用光纤布拉格光栅作为反射器的掺镱光纤激光器的输出光谱中发现激光波长相对于光纤光栅反射中心偏移的现象，偏移量相当于光纤光栅反射带宽的一半。通过实验证明偏移现象与光纤光栅的反射特性和热效应无关，并且在不同的温度和不同的光纤光栅反射波长的情况下都得到了同样的结果。采用激光增益线形的有关理论，对这一现象进行了分析，实验结果与理论分析相一致。     

Pump-Induced Lasing Wavelength Shift in Er/Yb Codoped Fiber Grating Lasers

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Wavelength Tuning of Long-Period Fiber Gratings by Fabrication Using a Tilted Amplitude Mask

We propose a method of tuning resonant wavelengths in the fabrication process of a long-period fiber grating using an amplitude mask tilted relative to the fiber. We irradiated a hydrogenated single-mode fiber with a KrF excimer laser through a tilted amplitude mask with a grating period of 460 Μm. Growth of resonant loss peaks in transmission spectra was measured for various tilt angles. A tuning range up to 329 nm was obtained by tilting up to 45°. The measured results agreed with numerical simulation. It was shown that using only an amplitude mask it is possible to fabricate a long-period fiber grating having resonance at any wavelength throughout the range of 1.2-1.6 Μm. A method to determine the tilt angle for a designed wavelength is discussed.     

Surface Modified Long Period Fiber Grating Sensor for Rapid Detection of Aspergillus Niger Fungal Spores

We present development of a compact and label-free sensor based on the surface modification of copper vapor laser fabricated long period fiber gratings for detection of airborne Aspergillus niger (A. niger) fungal spores. Surface of sensors were functionalized with monoclonal glucose oxidases IgG1 for target-specific covalent binding. In process of functionalization and binding of 10³ cfu/ml of pathogenic A. niger fungal spores, notable shorter wave transition in resonance wavelength from 1562.93 nm to 1555.97 nm, and significant reduction in peak loss from 61.72 dB to 57.48 dB were recorded. The implementation was cost effective and yielded instantaneous results.     

A Novel Fabrication for Method Long PeriodFiber Grating

A new method of fabricating all-fiber broadband-rejection filter based on long period fiber grating (LPFG) is proposed. The principle in the method is to make periodic asymmetrical deformation in the core of fiber without microbends by electrode discharging so as to induce periodic refractive index changes. Two kinds of filters whose rejection peak wavelength at 1550 nm and 1310 nm are obtained. The insertion loss is less than 0.6 dB and 1.4 dB respectively. The 20 dB bandwidth ranges from 10 nm to 39 nm. The backward reflection loss is extremely small (less than - 70 dB). Such devices can be used as isolation filters in 1310/1550 nm WDM system and other fields.     

光纤光栅外腔分布布拉格反射激光器中的波长转换

报道了一种新型的基于光纤光栅外腔分布布拉格反射激光器的波长转换技术，获得了８ｎｍ的波长转换间隔，对注入信号的灵敏度、转换信号之间的反相特性等进行了测量研究。讨论了波长转换的机理和该技术的特点和优点。     

光纤光栅传感器的调谐滤波检测技术

对光纤光栅传感器的光栅调谐滤波检测系统进行了理论和实验研究,给出了波长测量分辨率的理论表达式,理论计算的系统最佳波长分辨率为0.8pm;基于高性能的光电测量系统,实验测得的滤长分辨率可达2pm,应变分辨率可达1.7με。