Measurement of branching fractions and charge asymmetries in B+ decays to eta pi+, eta K+, eta rho+, and eta' pi+, and search for B0 decays to eta K0 and eta omega

We present measurements of branching fractions and charge asymmetries for six B-meson decay modes with an eta or eta(') meson in the final state. The data sample corresponds to 232 x 10(6) BB pairs collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy e(+)e(-) B Factory at SLAC. We measure the branching fractions (in units of 10(-6)): B(B+ -->eta pi(+))=5.1+/-0.6+/-0.3, B(B+ etaK+)=3.3+/-0.6+/-0.3, B(B0-->etaK0)=1.5+/-0.7+/-0.1 (<2.5 at 90% C.L.), B(B+-->eta rho(+))=8.4+/-1.9+/-1.1, B(B0-->eta omiga)=1.0+/-0.5+/-0.2 (<1.9 at 90% C.L.), and B(B+-->eta(')pi(+))=4.0+/-0.8+/-0.4, where the first uncertainty is statistical and second systematic. For the charged modes we also determine the charge asymmetries, all found to be compatible with zero.     

Observation of B0-->omega K0, B+-->eta pi+, and B+-->eta K+ and study of related decays

We present measurements of branching fractions and charge asymmetries for seven B-meson decays with an eta, eta', or omega meson in the final state. The data sample corresponds to 89x10(6) BB pairs produced from e(+)e(-) annihilation at the Upsilon(4S) resonance. We measure the following branching fractions in units of 10(-6): B(B+-->eta pi(+))=5.3+/-1.0+/-0.3, B(B+-->eta K+)=3.4+/-0.8+/-0.2, B(B0-->eta K0)=2.9+/-1.0+/-0.2 (<5.2, 90% C.L.), B(B+-->eta(')pi(+))=2.7+/-1.2+/-0.3 (<4.5, 90% C.L.), B(B+-->omega pi(+))=5.5+/-0.9+/-0.5, B(B+-->omega K+)=4.8+/-0.8+/-0.4, and B(B0-->omega K0)=5.9(+1.6)(-1.3)+/-0.5. The charge asymmetries are A(ch)(B+-->eta pi(+))=-0.44+/-0.18+/-0.01, A(ch)(B+-->eta K+)=-0.52+/-0.24+/-0.01, A(ch)(B+-->omega pi(+))=0.03+/-0.16+/-0.01, and A(ch)(B+-->omega K+)=-0.09+/-0.17+/-0.01.     

Outer shell excitations of He and Ne using projectiles of C+, N+, O+, F+,20Ne+,22Ne+, Na+ and Mg+

The ground state energy, the mean square displacement of the molecules, the lattice constant, and the effective quadrupole-quadrupole coupling constant are calculated variationally and compared with the experiments. Both the orientationally ordered fcc-phases and the hcp-phases are considered. Nosanow's cluster expansion is used and its convergence is discussed.     

Sodium halide sputtering by H+, He+, Ar+ ions

Sputtering experiments were performed with 70 to 300 keV H⁺, He⁺ and Ar⁺ ions impinging on KC1, KBr and Kl. The alkali halide samples are prepared as polycrystalline layers of about 2500 Å thickness, deposited on carbon-aluminium backings. During the ion bombardment the targets are kept at elevated temperatures between 50 and 300°C, in order to study the temperature dependence of sputtering. During the irradiation the removal of halogen and sodium is simultaneously observed by Rutherford backscattering.

The present results are (i) preferential sputtering of the halogen atoms, (ii) temperature dependent sputtering yields with 0.2 eV activation energy, (iii) sputtering yields proportional to the electronic stopping power, rather than the nuclear stopping power, and (iv) sputtering yields orders of magnitude higher than estimated by elastic collision cascade theories. These findings can be interpreted by a Pooley process with subsequent migration of the interstitial halogen atom to the surface.     

Rotational dependence of Franck-Condon factors for OH+, NH+, SiH,MgH+, SiH+, and NO+

The rotational dependence of Franck-Condon factors has been calculated for OH⁺, NH⁺, SiH, MgH⁺, SiH⁺, and NO⁺ using the rotating Morse oscillator model. A rotational dependence is noticed in the electronic bands of each of these molecular species; this dependence may make a significant contribution in the determination of rotational temperatures, abundances and opacity distribution functions.     

Hyperpolarizabilities of alkaline-earth metal ions Be+, Mg+, and Ca+

The knowledge of the hyperpolarizabilities of atoms and ions is helpful for the analysis of the high order effects of the frequency shifts in precision spectroscopy experiments. Liu et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 223001(2015)] proposed to establish all-optical trapped ion clocks using laser at the magic wavelength for clock transition. To evaluate the high-order frequency shifts in this new scheme of optical clocks, hyperpolarizabilities are needed, but absent. Using the finite field method based on the B-spline basis set and model potentials, we calculated the electric-field-dependent energy shifts of the ground and low-lying excited states in Be+, Mg+, and Ca+ in the field strength range of 0.0-6×10.5 a.u.. The scalar and tensor polarizabilities(α0, α2) and hyperpolarizabilities(γ0, γ2, γ4) were deduced. The results of the hyperpolarizabilities for Be+ showed good agreement with the values in literature, implying that the present method can be applied for the effective estimation of the atomic hyperpolarizabilities,which are rarely reported but needed in experiments. The feasibility of optical trapping of Ca+ is discussed, and the contributions of hyperpolarizabilities to the transition frequency shift for Ca+ in the optical dipole trap are estimated using quasi-electrostatic approximation.     

Interaction studies of cysteine with Li+, Na+, K+, Be2+, Mg2+, and Ca2+ metal cation complexes

The coordination geometries, electronic features, metal ion affinities, entropies, and the energetics of Li⁺, Na⁺, K⁺, Be²⁺, Mg²⁺, and Ca²⁺ metal cations with different possible conformations of cysteine complexes were studied. The complexes were optimized using density functional theory (B3LYP) and second order Moller–Plesset Perturbation (MP2) theory methods using 6‐311 + +G** basis set. The interactions of the metal cations at different nucleophilic sites of cysteine conformations were considered after a careful selection among several binding sites. All the metal cations coordinate with cysteine in a tridentate manner and also the most preferred position for the interaction. It is found that, the overall structural parameters of cysteine are not altered by metal ion substitution, but, the metal ion‐binding site has undergone a noticeable change. All the complexes were characterized by an electrostatic interaction between ligand and metal ions that appears slightly more pronounced for lithium and beryllium metal complexes. The metal ion affinity (MIA) and basis set superposition error (BSSE) corrected interaction energy were also computed for all the complexes. The effect of metal cations on the infrared (IR) stretching vibrational modes of amino N? H bond, side chain thiol group S? H bond, hydroxyl O? H bond, and Carbonyl C?O bond in cysteine molecules have also been studied. The nature of the metal ion‐ligand bond and the coordination properties were examined using natural bond order (NBO) at bond critical point (electron density and their Laplacian of electron density) through Atoms in Molecules (AIM) analyses. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

多体系多波长计算光度法同时测定镧铈镨钕钐铕钆

本文以DBC-偶氮氯膦为显色剂,并且在显色体系中加入不同量的EDTA-Na2P2O7作为竞争配位剂,使得七组分轻稀土组分间吸收光谱灵敏度的差别逐渐加大,从而增加了轻稀土混合物体系组分间吸收光谱的线性独立性.利用数值稳定性较强的约束优化算法--可变容差法处理光谱数据,对不同浓度比例的七组分轻稀土混合物体系(La3+,Ce3+,Pr3+,Nd3+,S m3+,Eu3+,Gd3+)的测定,取得了较满意的结果.