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1.
Cyclic Guanidine Compounds from Toxic Newts Support the Hypothesis that Tetrodotoxin is Derived from a Monoterpene
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Dr. Yuta Kudo Prof. Dr. Takeshi Yasumoto Prof. Dr. Dietrich Mebs Dr. Yuko Cho Prof. Dr. Keiichi Konoki Prof. Dr. Mari Yotsu‐Yamashita 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2016,55(30):8728-8731
The biosynthesis of tetrodotoxin (TTX), a potent neurotoxin consisting of a 2,4‐dioxaadamantane skeleton and a guanidine moiety, is an unsolved problem in natural product chemistry. Recently, the first C5–C10 directly bonded TTX analogue, 4,9‐anhydro‐10‐hemiketal‐5‐deoxyTTX, was obtained from toxic newts and its carbon skeleton suggested a possible monoterpene origin. On the basis of this hypothesis, screening of predicted biosynthetic intermediates of TTX was performed using two MS‐guided methods. Herein, five novel cyclic guanidine compounds from toxic newts are reported which commonly contain a cis‐fused bicyclic structure including a six‐membered cyclic guanidine. These structures could be biosynthetically derived from geranyl guanidine through oxidation, cyclization, and/or isomerization steps. LC–MS analysis confirmed the widespread distribution of the five novel compounds in toxic newt species. These results support the hypothesis that TTX is derived from a monoterpene. 相似文献
2.
Xinping Huang Zhiwei Deng Xiaobin Zhu Leen vanOfwegen Peter Proksch Wenhan Lin 《Helvetica chimica acta》2006,89(9):2020-2026
Four new pregnane‐type steroids, krempenes A–D ( 1 – 4 ), were isolated from the marine soft coral Cladiella krempfi. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR analyses, as well as MS experiments. Krempene A ( 1 ) contains a very unusual structural motif, with a hexacyclic oxadithiino unit fused to the steroidal ring A. Krempene B ( 2 ) is a 19‐norpregnane steroid, the 19‐Me group formally being transferred to position 4. Furthermore, krempene D contains an unusual C?C bond at C(7) of the pregnane skeleton. 相似文献
3.
A. Abdul Ajees S. Parthasarathy S. Manikandan R. Raghunathan 《Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry》2001,57(4):473-475
The title compound, C23H15Cl2NO3, crystallizes with two independent molecules in the asymmetric unit. The chromanone moiety consists of a benzene ring fused with a six‐membered heterocyclic ring which adopts a sofa conformation. The five‐membered spiroisoxazoline ring is in an envelope conformation. The p‐chlorophenyl rings bridged by the five‐membered ring are nearly perpendicular to each other. The chromanone moiety of one molecule packs into the cavity formed by the p‐chlorophenyl rings of a second molecule through the formation of C—H?π interactions. The structure is stabilized by weak C—H?O, C—H?Cl and C—H?π interactions. 相似文献
4.
M.Manuel Oliveira LuisM. Carvalho Corinne Moustrou Andr Samat Robert Guglielmetti AnaM.F. Oliveira‐Campos 《Helvetica chimica acta》2001,84(5):1163-1171
The synthesis and photochromic properties of new 2,2‐diphenyl‐2H‐1‐benzopyrans, fused to an indole moiety, are described. All compounds exhibit photochromic behaviour in solution at room temperature. The heteroanellation effects are variable and depend on the position and geometry of the fused indole moiety. A general bathochromic shift in the spectra of the open forms is observed. The presence of a N‐methyl group prevents the broadening of the absorption spectra and promotes the instability of some photoinduced forms of compounds with the indole moiety fused at the 5,6 positions of the 2H‐1‐benzopyran skeleton. The enhanced photocolouration efficiency in the near‐UV and the kinetics of thermal bleaching indicate that the novel compounds with an indole moiety fused at the 6,7 positions, particularly those with a linked thiophene moiety, are very interesting molecules for applications in the field of variable optical absorption systems. 相似文献
5.
Michiharu Sakata Yumi Shirakawa Nobuhito Kamata Yuko Sakaguchi Hiroshi Nishino Jie Ouyang Kazu Kurosawa 《Journal of heterocyclic chemistry》2000,37(2):269-274
The reactions of 4‐bromoacetyl‐3‐methoxy‐3‐methyl‐6,6‐diphenyl‐1,2‐dioxane with thioureas or thioamides gave 3‐methoxy‐3‐methyl‐6,6‐diphenyl‐4‐(4‐thiazolyl)‐1,2‐dioxanes in 63–90% yields. The similar reaction of 4‐bromoacetyl‐3‐methoxy‐3‐methyl‐6,6‐diphenyl‐1,2‐dioxane with acetamide gave 3‐methoxy‐3‐methyl‐4‐(2‐methyl‐4‐oxazolyl)‐6,6‐diphenyl‐1,2‐dioxane in 39% yields. The reactions of 4‐bromoacetyl‐3‐methoxy‐3‐methyl‐6,6‐diphenyl‐1,2‐dioxane with 3‐alkyl‐4‐amino‐5‐mercaptot[1,2,4]triazoles yielded 3‐methoxy‐3‐methyl‐6,6‐diphenyl‐4‐[3‐(5‐alkyl[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4‐b]‐2,3‐dihydro‐6H‐[1,3,4]thiadiazinyl)]‐1,2‐dioxanes in moderate yields (43–46%). 相似文献
6.
Juan C. Castillo Rodrigo Abonía Justo Cobo Christopher Glidewell 《Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry》2013,69(5):544-548
In the molecule of 4‐(2‐chlorophenyl)pyrrolo[1,2‐a]quinoxaline, C17H11ClN2, (I), the bond lengths are consistent with electron delocalization in the two outer rings of the fused tricyclic system, with a localized double bond in the central ring. The molecules of (I) are linked into chains by a π–π stacking interaction. In (4RS)‐4‐(1,3‐benzodioxol‐6‐yl)‐4,5‐dihydropyrrolo[1,2‐a]quinoxaline, C18H14N2O2, (II), the central ring of the fused tricyclic system adopts a conformation intermediate between screw‐boat and half‐chair forms. A combination of N—H...O and C—H...π(arene) hydrogen bonds links the molecules of (II) into a sheet. Comparisons are made with related compounds. 相似文献
7.
Vyacheslav S. Grinev Elena I. Linkova Mikhail N. Krainov Maksim V. Dmitriev Alevtina Yu. Yegorova 《Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry》2020,76(5):483-489
The crystal structures and packing features of two homologous Meyer's bicyclic lactams with fused pyrrolidone and medium‐sized perhydropyrimidine rings, namely, 8a‐phenyl‐2,3,4,7,8,8a‐hexahydropyrrolo[1,2‐a]pyrimidin‐6(1H)‐one, C13H16N2O ( 1 ), and 8a‐(4‐methylphenyl)‐2,3,4,7,8,8a‐hexahydropyrrolo[1,2‐a]pyrimidin‐6(1H)‐one, C14H18N2O ( 2 ), were elucidated, and Hirshfeld surface plots were calculated and drawn for visualization and a deeper analysis of the intermolecular noncovalent interactions. Molecules of 1 and 2 are weakly linked by intermolecular C=O…H—N hydrogen bonds into chains, which are in turn weakly linked by other C=O…H—Car interactions. The steric volume of the substituent significantly affects the crystal packing pattern. 相似文献
8.
Wenbo Li Yuying Li Dr. Guanghua Zhou Xiangshu Wu Prof. Dr. Junliang Zhang 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2012,18(47):15113-15121
A series of 2‐alkynyl carbonyl compounds that contain a cyclopentene ring or a heterocycle can be transformed into various fused dihydrobenzofurans and tetrahydrofuro[2,3‐c]pyridines by means of a 1,2‐alkyl migration process. Both of these reactions proceed with excellent regioselectivity and stereospecificity when using a cationic gold(I) catalyst. Treatment of 4‐styrylcyclopent‐1‐enecarboxylates under different conditions affords a range of highly functionalized dihydrobenzofurans and dihydroisobenzofurans. A divergence in product selectivity, which depends on the anion of the silver salts used, was observed. Interestingly, ring‐fused tetrahydroquinolines undergo only 1,2′‐alkyl migration reaction by means of a C? C cleavage/cyclization sequence to provide tetrahydroazepine derivatives. Mechanistic studies suggest that the gold complexes catalyze 1,2‐alkyl migration reactions through a concerted reaction pathway and 1,2′‐alkyl migration reactions through a stepwise reaction pathway. 相似文献
9.
Stereoselective Synthesis of 1,2,3‐Triazolooxazine and Fused 1,2,3‐Triazolo‐δ‐Lactone Derivatives
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The stereoselective synthesis of 1,2,3‐triazolooxazine and fused 1,2,3‐triazolo‐δ‐lactone by applying chemoenzymatic methods is described. trans‐2‐Azidocyclohexanol was successfully resolved by Novozyme 435 with an ee value of 99%. Installation of the alkyne moiety on the enantiomerically enriched azidoalcohol by O‐alkylation, followed by intramolecular azide? alkyne [3+2] cycloaddition resulted in the desired 1,2,3‐triazolooxazine derivative. Enantiomerically pure azidocyclohexanol was also subjected to the Huisgen 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reaction with dimethylacetylene dicarboxylate, followed by intramolecular cyclization of the corresponding cycloadduct, to furnish a fused 1,2,3‐triazolo‐δ‐lactone. 相似文献
10.
John Nicolson Low Justo Cobo Braulio Insuasty Manuel Nogueras Angela Salcedo Adolfo Snchez 《Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry》2002,58(2):o125-o128
The title compounds, 2‐(4‐bromophenyl)‐1,2‐dihydropyrimido[1,2‐a]benzimidazol‐4‐(3H)‐one, C16H12BrN3O, (IVa), and 4‐(4‐methylphenyl)‐3,4‐dihydropyrimido[1,2‐a]benzimidazol‐2‐(1H)‐one, C17H15N3O, (Vb), both form R(8) centrosymmetric dimers via N—H?N hydrogen bonds. The N?N distance is 2.943 (3) Å for (IVa) and 2.8481 (16) Å for (Vb), with the corresponding N—H?N angles being 129 and 167°, respectively. However, in other respects, the supramolecular structures of the two compounds differ. Both compounds contain different C—H?π interactions, in which the C—H?π(centroid) distances are 2.59 and 2.47 Å for (IVa) and (Vb), respectively (the latter being a short distance), with C—H?π(centroid) angles of 158 and 159°, respectively. The supramolecular structures also differ, with a short Br?O distance of 3.117 (2) Å in bromo derivative (IVa), and a C—H?O interaction with a C?O distance of 3.2561 (19) Å and a C—H?O angle of 127° in tolyl system (Vb). The dihydropyrimido part of (Vb) is disordered, with a ratio of the major and minor components of 0.9:0.1. The disorder consists of two non‐interchangeable envelope conformers, each with an equatorial tolyl group and an axial methine H atom. 相似文献
11.
A Convenient and Facile Hantzsch Synthesis of Aryl Imidazo[1,2‐b]Isoxazolyl‐N‐aryl Thiazol Amines
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E. Rajanarendar K. Thirupathaiah S. Ramakrishna D. Nagaraju 《Journal of heterocyclic chemistry》2016,53(6):1983-1989
The Hantzsch synthesis of novel aryl imidazo[1,2‐b]isoxazolyl‐N‐aryl thiazol amines 5 analogues were described. Reaction of 3‐aminoisoxazole 1 with substituted phenacyl bromides 2 in dry ethanol afforded the corresponding 6‐methyl‐3‐arylimidazo[1,2‐b]isoxazoles 3 in good yields. Compounds 3 on reaction with chloroacetyl chloride in 1,4‐dioxane furnished the corresponding 2‐chloro‐1‐(6‐methyl‐3‐arylimidazo[1,2‐b]isoxazol‐2‐yl)ethanones 4 . Compounds 4 on heating with N‐aryl thioureas in an oil bath underwent cyclization to afford the title compounds viz., imidazo[1,2‐b]isoxazolyl‐N‐aryl thiazol amines 5 in moderate to good yields by Hantzsch synthesis. 相似文献
12.
Takafumi Araki Prof. Dr. Atsushi Wakamiya Kenji Mori Prof. Dr. Shigehiro Yamaguchi 《化学:亚洲杂志》2012,7(7):1594-1603
A series of diarene‐fused 1,2‐dihydro‐1,2‐diborins were prepared as a new B? B‐bond‐embedded polycyclic π‐electron system. The reduction of these compounds with metals produced their corresponding dianions, the π‐conjugation modes of which varied from 6π‐conjugation within the central 1,2‐diborin skeleton to 14π peripheral conjugation over the tricyclic skeleton, depending on the nature of the reduced biaryl framework. Moreover, the countercation to the dianions had a significant effect on the absorption spectra, with a dramatic color change from yellow to deep blue, depending on the distance between the tricyclic dianion skeleton and the countercation. 相似文献
13.
G. Mazumdar M. De A. Mukhopadhyay S. K. Mazumdar N. Mazumder A. K. Das Edward E. Knaus 《Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry》2000,56(4):494-495
In the title compound, C14H19IN2O8, an almost planar heterocyclic base is oriented anti with respect to the puckered sugar moiety. The sugar pucker is C2′‐endo/C3′‐exo, the N‐glycosidic torsion angle is 166.4 (4)° and the conformation of O5′ is +sc. The molecules are linked by hydrogen bonds of the types N—H?O and O—H?O. 相似文献
14.
Anja Siegemund Christine Hartung Sven Baumann Brbel Schulze 《Helvetica chimica acta》2004,87(2):376-381
2‐Aryl‐4,5,6,7‐tetrahydro‐1,2‐benzisothiazol‐3(2H)‐ones 1a – e were synthesized by cyclocondensation of 2‐(thiocyanato)cyclohexene‐1‐carboxanilides 9 as a convenient new method. Their S‐oxides 10 were prepared by two routes, either by oxidation of 1 or dehydration of rac‐cis‐3‐hydroperoxysultims 11 . Furthermore, compounds 1 have been identified by HPLC? API‐MS‐MS as intermediates in the oxidation process of the salts 6 . The hydroperoxides 12b and rac‐trans‐ 11b have been unambiguously detected by HPLC? MS investigations and in the reaction of rac‐cis‐ 13b with H2O2 to the hydroperoxides rac‐trans‐ 11b and rac‐cis‐ 11b . 相似文献
15.
Nada Kouti‐Hulita Aleksandar Danilovski Miroslav Maleevi Marina Orei Miljenko Dumi 《Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry》2000,56(9):1144-1145
The 2,8‐dihydroxy‐1,3,7,9‐tetramethyl‐6,12‐dihydrodipyrido[1,2‐a:1′,2′‐d]pyrazinediylium dication possesses 2/m symmetry and lies in the mirror plane together with a chloride anion and the water O atom. The dication also lies on an inversion centre, i.e. C16H20N2O22+·2Cl?·2H2O. Due to these symmetry constrictions the dication adopts an unexpected planar conformation. Molecules are linked by O—H?O and O—H?Cl hydrogen bonds to form chains, which are cross‐connected by C—H?Cl attractive interactions forming a complex three‐dimensional hydrogen‐bond network. 相似文献
16.
Choudhury M. Zakaria George Ferguson Alan J. Lough Christopher Glidewell 《Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry》2002,58(1):o1-o5
In the adduct 1,2‐bis(4‐pyridyl)ethane–1,1,1‐tris(4‐hydroxyphenyl)ethane (1/2), C12H12N2·2C20H18O3, the bipyridyl component lies across an inversion centre in P. The tris‐phenol molecules [systematic name: 4,4′,4′′‐(ethane‐1,1,1‐triyl)triphenol] are linked by O—H?O hydrogen bonds to form sheets built from R(38) rings, and symmetry‐related pairs of sheets are linked by the bipyridyl molecules via O—H?N hydrogen bonds to form open bilayers. Each bilayer is interwoven with two adjacent bilayers, forming a continuous three‐dimensional structure. In the adduct 1,2‐bis(4‐pyridyl)ethene–1,1,1‐tris(4‐hydroxyphenyl)ethane–methanol (1/1/1), C12H10N2·C20H18O3·CH4O, the molecules are linked by O—H?O and O—H?N hydrogen bonds into three interwoven three‐dimensional frameworks, generated by single spiral chains along [010] and [001] and a triple‐helical spiral along [100]. 相似文献
17.
Chune Dong Junlong Zhang Liangfu Zhang Zuolong Yu 《Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry》2000,56(1):e21-e21
The crystal structure of the new chiral complex (1R,2R)‐1,2‐diphenyl‐1,2‐bis(8‐quinolinesulfonylamino)‐ ethylenediamine–acetone (1/1), C32H26N4O4S2.C3H6O, is reported. The conformation of the C32H26N4O4S2 (BQSDA) molecule is determined by a bifurcated N—H?N hydrogen‐bond system. The acetone of solvation is linked to the BQSDA molecule by an N—H?O hydrogen bond. 相似文献
18.
Montecrinanes A–C: Triterpenes with an Unprecedented Rearranged Tetracyclic Skeleton from Celastrus vulcanicola. Insights into Triterpenoid Biosynthesis Based on DFT Calculations
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Dr. Martín Purino Dr. Alejandro E. Ardiles Dr. Oliver Callies Dr. Ignacio A. Jiménez Prof. Isabel L. Bazzocchi 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2016,22(22):7582-7591
Three new triterpenoids with an unprecedented 6/6/6/6‐fused tetracyclic carbon skeleton, montecrinanes A–C ( 1 – 3 ), were isolated from the root bark of Celastrus vulcanicola, along with known D:B‐friedobaccharanes ( 4 – 6 ), and lupane‐type triterpenes ( 7 – 12 ). The stereostructures of the new metabolites were elucidated based on spectroscopic (1D and 2D NMR) and spectrometric (HR‐EIMS and HR‐ESIMS) techniques. Their absolute configurations were determined by both NMR spectroscopy, with (R)‐(?)‐α‐methoxyphenylacetic acid as a chiral derivatizing agent, and biogenetic considerations. Biogenetic pathways for montecrinane and D:B‐friedobaccharane skeletons were proposed and studied by DFT methods. The theoretical results support the energetic feasibility of the putative biogenetic pathways, in which the 1,2‐methyl shift from the secondary baccharenyl cation represents a novel and key reaction step for a new montecrinane skeleton. 相似文献
19.
Crystal Structures and Redox Responses Coupled with Ion Recognition of p‐Benzoquinone‐ and Hydroquinone‐Fused [18]crown‐6
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Takayuki Kobayashi Yuta Nakane Dr. Takashi Takeda Dr. Norihisa Hoshino Prof. Hidetoshi Kawai Prof. Tomoyuki Akutagawa 《化学:亚洲杂志》2015,10(2):390-396
The crystal structures and redox properties of p‐benzoquinone (BQ)‐fused [18]crown‐6 1 and bis‐BQ‐fused [18]crown‐6 2 were examined. The anion radicals of these BQ molecules were stabilized by addition of metal ions, through effective electrostatic interactions between the negatively charged BQ moiety and positively charged ion‐capturing [18]crown‐6 unit. The electrostatic interactions and solvation energy played important roles in determining the magnitudes of anodic redox shifts in the reduction potentials. Regular π‐stacking of BQ units and regular arrays of [18]crown‐6 units were observed in crystal 2 , in which one‐dimensional π‐electron columns were separated by ionic channels. The hydroquinone‐fused [18]crown‐6 molecule 3 and a new BQ‐ and phenol‐fused [18]crown‐6 derivative 4 were obtained as single crystals. The molecular conformations of [18]crown‐6 in crystal 3 and hydrated crystal 3 ?H2O were different from each other. 相似文献
20.
《Journal of heterocyclic chemistry》2018,55(1):132-137
The synthesis of various 4‐acylpyrazolones bearing in the acyl moiety either a terminal chloro‐substituent or a terminal ortho‐chlorophenyl group was achieved by reaction of 3‐methyl‐1‐phenyl‐2‐pyrazolin‐5‐one (tautomer to 3‐methyl‐1‐phenyl‐1H‐pyrazol‐5‐ol) with the corresponding acid chloride using calcium hydroxide / 1,4‐dioxane. In one case (reaction with chlorobutanoyl chloride) a spontaneous cyclization occurred leading to the corresponding oxepino[2,3‐c]pyrazole. Detailed NMR spectroscopic investigations with all prepared compounds were performed. 相似文献