窄带隙IV-VI族半导体PbTe(111)的表面氧化及氧的热脱附机理

利用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、扫描隧道显微镜(STM)以及低能电子衍射(LEED),对PbTe(111)薄膜的表面氧化及氧的热脱附机理进行了研究.结果表明:PbTe(111)薄膜经500VAr+轰击加上250℃高温退火循环处理,可得到呈(1×1)周期性排列的清洁表面.将此清洁表面暴露于大气两天后,表面被氧化形成了PbO2、PbO和TeO2,氧化层的厚度大于2个单原子层(ML),与清洁PbTe(111)表面相比,被氧化的PbTe(111)表面的Te3d5/2与Pb4f7/2芯态谱峰的面积比明显减小,表明被氧化的PbTe(111)表面是富Pb的.在热脱附处理过程中,PbO2和TeO2的芯态峰消失,且O1s芯态峰的强度迅速减弱,表明加热处理不仅使PbO2和TeO2发生了分解,同时也使氧发生了脱附,但PbO即使在350℃退火仍吸附于PbTe(111)表面.     

NO在Cu(111)表面吸附和分解的XPS和TPD研究：不同氧物种的影响

利用X射线光电子能谱和程序升温脱附谱研究了NO在清洁和预吸附氧的Cu(111)表面上的吸附和反应.通过改变NO的暴露量和退火温度,在Cu(111)表面可以制备出不同种类的化学吸附氧物种,其O 1s的结合能分别位于531.0 eV (O₅₃₁)和529.7 eV (O₅₂₉).表面O₅₃₁物种的存在对NO的不同吸附状态有着显著影响,同时使得大部分NO吸附分子(NO(a))在加热过程中发生分解并以N₂O和N₂形式脱附; 而表面O₅₂₉物种对NO(a)的解离脱附有着明显的抑制作用.相对于O₅₃₁物种来说,O₅₂₉物种对NO吸附表现出更强的位阻效应.上述结果表明,NO在Cu(111) 表面的吸附和分解行为与预吸附氧物种的种类和覆盖度密切相关.     

Polyaniline Nanofibrils Array Synthesized within the Anodic Aluminum Oxide Template

Introduction Many methods for the fabrication of nanoparticles have been developed ranging from lithographic techniques to chemical methods. The method termed template synthesis for preparation of a variety of micro- and nano-materials has been explored1-3. The template membranes employed contain cylindrical pores with mono-disperse diameters, that extend through the entire thickness of the membrane. The diameter of this nanocylinder is determined by the diameter of the pores of the template m…     

碱基腺嘌呤与胸腺嘧啶在Au(111)电极上的共吸附

用循环伏安法(CV)和电化学扫描隧道显微镜(ECSTM)在HClO4溶液中研究了配对碱基腺嘌呤(Adenine,A)与胸腺嘧啶(Thymine,T)在Au(111)电极上的共吸附行为.CV曲线表明,A和T的电化学共吸附行为更接近于A的电化学吸附行为.高分辨STM图像显示,在物理吸附区域碱基A和T分子之间通过氢键作用形成一种不同于单组分的网络结构.根据STM图像提出一个可能的模型,并给出了在Au(111)电极上共吸附时A和T分子之间可能的氢键作用方式.     

Immobilization of Biomolecules on NH3, H2/NH3 Plasma-Treated Nitrocellulose Films

Detectors with covalently immobilized bioactive compounds able to interact with selected analytes are needed for various kinds of biosensors. Protein macromolecules can be immobilized covalently on surfaces with appropriate functional groups such as amine groups. Low pressure plasmas of NH₃ and NH₃/H₂ mixtures were used to incorporate a maximum of 2.4 amine functions per nm² of porous surface under specific conditions. A mechanism of the functionalization process was proposed using on-line emission spectroscopy and mass spectrometry analysis to monitor the reaction process. The physico-chemical modifications created on the plasma-treated material were investigated by surface analytical techniques such as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).     

Voltage-Height Spectroscopy in the <Emphasis Type="Italic">Ex Situ</Emphasis> Configuration of a Scanning Tunneling Microscope

Basic regularities of electrochemical processes in the gap of an ex situ scanning tunneling microscope in conditions of condensation of air moisture at the sample surface are considered on a qualitative level. A layer of condensed moisture is viewed as an electrolyte in a two-electrode cell. The depolarizers present in this layer may experience electrochemical conversions on the tip and in an area of the sample surface near the tip. As a result, the recorded “tunneling” current includes electrochemical constituents. Depending on the electrochemical processes in the gap, various dependences of the tip-sample distance on the current and applied voltage can be expected. For preliminary diagnostics of processes in the gap it is suggested to use voltage-height spectra, whose shape and characteristic heights are sensitive to the nature and location of redox active species. Experimental data for various films on conducting supports (quasi-two-dimensional adsorbed layers of hemin and peroxidase, electrodeposited nonstoichiometric tungsten oxides, doped tin dioxide, solid electrolyte with ionic conduction) are presented as an examples.__________Translated from Elektrokhimiya, Vol. 41, No. 5, 2005, pp. 583–595.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Yusipovich, Vassiliev.     

Ca掺杂的CeO2模型催化剂的形貌和电子结构及其与CO2分子的相互作用

利用扫描隧道显微镜、X射线光电子能谱和同步辐射光电子能谱研究了CeO₂(111),部分还原的CeO_2-x(111) (0＜x＜0.5)以及Ca掺杂的CeO₂模型催化剂的形貌、电子结构以及它们与CO₂分子间的相互作用。CeO₂(111)和部分还原的CeO_2-x(111)薄膜外延生长于Cu(111)单晶表面。不同Ca掺杂的CeO₂薄膜是通过在CeO₂(111)薄膜表面室温物理沉积金属Ca及随后真空退火到不同温度而得到的。不同的制备过程导致样品具有不同的表面组成,化学态和结构。CO₂吸附到CeO₂和部分还原的CeO_2-x表面后导致表面羧酸盐的形成。此外,相比于CeO₂表面,羧酸盐物种更易在部分还原的CeO_2-x表面生成,而且更加稳定。而在Ca掺杂的氧化铈薄膜表面,Ca²⁺离子的存在有利于CO₂的吸附,且探测到碳酸盐物种的形成。     

Ni在ZrO2(111)薄膜表面的生长、电子结构及热稳定性

利用X射线光电子能谱、紫外光电子能谱和低能电子衍射研究了Ni纳米颗粒在ZrO₂(111)薄膜表面的生长模式、电子结构及热稳定性. ZrO₂(111)薄膜外延生长于Pt(111)单晶表面,厚度约为3 nm.结果表明,当Ni气相沉积到ZrO₂(111)薄膜表面上时,遵循Stranski-Krastanov生长模式,即先二维生长至0.5 ML(monolayer),然后呈三维岛状生长.随着覆盖度的减小, Ni 2p_3/2峰逐渐向高结合能位移.利用俄歇参数法分析发现,引起该峰向高结合能位移的主要原因来源于终态效应的贡献,但在低的Ni覆盖度时,也有部分初态效应的贡献,说明Ni在ZrO₂表面初始生长时,两者存在较强的界面相互作用, Ni向ZrO₂衬底传递电荷,形成带部分正电荷的Ni_δ+.两种不同覆盖度(0.05和0.5 ML)的Ni/ZrO₂(111)模型催化剂热稳定性研究表明,当温度升高时, Ni逐渐被氧化成Ni₂₊,并伴随着向ZrO₂衬底的扩散.本文从原子水平上认识了Ni与ZrO₂表面的相互作用和界面结构,为理解实际ZrO₂担载的Ni催化剂结构提供了重要的依据.     

STM and STS Studies of One-Dimensional Row Growth: Ag on Si(5 5 12)

We have studied the growth of Ag on Si(5 5 12) using scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy (STM/STS). At metal coverages as low as 0.05 monolayer (ML), Ag forms well-ordered overlayer rows, or one-dimensional clusters, on the underlying silicon surface. To produce these ordered structures, it is necessary to anneal the surface to 450°C. As the coverage is increased above 0.05 ML, the rows grow in length and number until the surface forms a periodic array of such structures at 0.25 ML. A statistical analysis of the rows reveals a linear increase in median row length as a function of coverage. With regard to their electronic behavior, STS measurements show a significantly narrower band gap along the Ag rows than is found on the underlying silicon structures. Therefore, the deposited Ag atoms do retain some metallic behavior.