高效可逆吸附测定含烯汽油族组成的气相色谱法研究

在研制成功高效烯烃可逆吸附剂ＡＤ－１的基础上,开发了一套适于日常分析的高稳定性专用ＳＯＡ分析系统和相应的分析方法。分析样品时,样品先进入极性分析柱（ＣＯＬ．１）,芳烃留在柱中,烯烃与烷烃继续进入可逆吸附柱（ＣＯＬ．２）。烯烃被吸附,烷烃进入检测器,待饱和烃全部流出后,切换十通阀反吹芳烃,待芳烃完全流出后再将十通阀切换回进样状态,同时将吸附柱升温至２００℃,使烯烃脱附出来,利用积分仪以面积归一法计算出样品中的饱和烃（Ｓ）、芳烃（Ａ）及烯烃（Ｏ）的含量。至此完成一次样品分析。     

毛细管气相色谱切割反吹技术归一化法定量分析航空煤油中的芳烃

用气相毛细管色谱切割反吹技术 ,和在FFAP毛细管预柱上芳烃比高它 3个碳数的烷烃之后出峰的特点 ,通过阀切换把芳烃反吹入非极性OV 1分析柱中 ,按照沸点进行分离。从预柱上先流出的组分和从分析柱上后流出的组分先后通过微型三通进入同一个FID检测器 ,因此可用校正响应因子归一化法进行定量分析。从预柱出口到检测器之间的阻尼柱阻力 6倍于分析柱阻力 ,反吹后因载气流速提高 5 .4倍而有效地压缩了谱带 ,提高芳烃等目标组分的检出灵敏度 2倍。通过切割反吹操作能很好地完成航空煤油中从苯到C11芳烃的检测 ,阀切换的可允许时间窗口达± 18s,且分析结果的重现性误差RSD≤ 4 .0 %。     

毛细管色谱切割-反吹法归一化分析汽油中芳烃

发展了一种毛细管色谱切割 反吹方法分析汽油中的芳烃。利用OV 2 3 3 0强极性毛细管预柱将芳烃保留至n C1 0 之后 ,并反吹到非极性毛细管柱中按沸点详细分离分析。从预柱先流出的组分和从分析柱流出的组分都先后进入同一检测器中 ,因此可用响应因子校正的归一化方法定量分析汽油中的芳烃。该方法在15min内完成汽油中苯至C1 0 芳烃的分析 ,结果的重复精度误差≤ 3 % (RSD) ,切割误差± 5s时对分析结果的影响≤ 4% (RSD)。对该方法的装置和部分应用进行了讨论     

二维中心切割气相色谱法测定汽油中芳烃含量

利用二维中心切割气相色谱的原理和切换、反吹技术,将预柱(TCEP)中的待测组分切换到毛细管柱(SE-30)中,建立了汽油中苯、甲苯、C8和C8以上芳烃含量的检测方法。在第一次分析的进样状态下,在待测物质苯从预柱中流出之前,将六通阀切换到反吹状态,这样待测物质苯,甲苯等极性组分被切换至非极性的SE-30毛细管色谱柱中进行分析。在第二次分析的进样状态下,在乙苯流出之前立即将六通阀切换到反吹状态,TCEP柱中的保留组分进入分析柱中进行分析。采用氢火焰离子化检测器(FID),内标法定量,在检测范围内苯,甲苯,邻二甲苯,1,2,4-三甲苯线性关系良好,相关系数(r2)分别为0.9964,0.9981,0.9988和0.9989,对标样进行6次重复实验,相对标准偏差(RSD)都小于2%。     

气相毛细管柱切割-反吹技术及归一化法分析汽油中的芳烃(英文)

 发展了一种采用毛细管气相柱切割 反吹技术分析汽油中芳烃的方法。利用强极性毛细管预柱将芳烃保留至n C10 的脂肪族化合物之后 ,并将其反吹到非极性毛细管柱中按沸点详细分离分析。该方法使预柱先流出的组分和分析柱流出的组分通过一个微型三通进入同一检测器中 ,因此可用归一化方法定量分析汽油中的芳烃。该方法可在 15min内完成汽油中苯至C10 芳烃的分析 ,结果的相对标准偏差 (RSD)≤ 3% ,切割误差为± 5s时分析结果的RSD≤ 4 %。     

油品族组成的详细分析和燃油中芳烃的分析

用毛细管液相色谱-毛细管气相色谱联用方法详细分析了航空煤油、各种柴油、润滑油、抽出油和塔底油的族组成。在毛细管液相色谱上分离得到的单环、双环、三环、四环和稠环芳烃族,经过多位存储接口后,顺序进入毛细管气相色谱,通过毛细管气相色谱对每个族组分作详细分析及定量。用单检测器的二维毛细管气相色谱切割-反吹方法定性定量分析汽油、航空煤油中的各种芳烃,从第一维柱流出的组分和第二维柱流出的组分都先后进入同一氢火焰离子化检测器中,因此能用质量校正响应因子归一化方法准确定量分析而不需要标准样。用上述技术分析实际样品,证明了     

气相色谱反吹法分析二氨基二苯甲烷产品中的微量苯胺

利用气相色谱反吹技术,针对二氨基二苯甲烷产品的高沸点、多组分、粘度大的特点,采用氢火焰检测器;安装六通阀、锥形阀、电磁阀,实现气路转换、气路平衡、气路反吹功能;筛选多种色谱柱,调节进样口温度、柱箱温度、反吹时间等:选用SE-30填充柱(3 m×3 mm),进样口温度280℃,检测器温度280℃,柱箱温度100℃(1 min)-40℃/min-120℃(0.1 min)-60℃/min-260℃(4 min),在2.8 min开启反吹,反吹时间3.6 min。苯胺含量在0.096~3.110 mg/m L之间呈良好线性关系,相关系数为0.9916,检出限为13.04μg/m L,样品加标回收率在93.5%~106.3%之间,RSD小于4.4%.实验验证反吹气路和分析方法的可行性,方法适用于工业分析。     

催化裂化汽油中含硫化合物的分离氧化脱硫研究

以负载氧化铜的氧化铝层析柱对催化裂化(FCC)汽油全馏分进行分离,使其中的烷烃、烯烃与芳烃、含硫化合物分离成极性不同的两组,含硫化合物在芳烃组分中得以分离富集。分离后对芳烃组分中的含硫化合物进行氧化,脱硫率达72%。氧化后的芳烃组分与分离出来的烷烃、烯烃组分混兑,可使FCC汽油的总脱硫率达71·3%。     

溴加成脱烯反应用于含烯汽油单体烃及族组成的分析

 提出了一种用于汽油组成分析的新方法 ,该方法采用溴加成选择性地转化并检测烯烃 ,解决了单体烃分析中的烷烯混峰问题 ,简化了识谱过程 ,由此通过一个包含极性预柱与非极性分析柱的简单二维体系或者与气相仪 (GC)联用的原子发射光谱检测器 (AED)两种途径均可进行准确度高的单体烃分析。在所选溴加成条件下 ,汽油中烯烃溴化率为 10 0 % ,而烷烃和芳烃保持惰性。处理全过程仅需 12 0s～ 15 0s ,操作简单且重复性好。该处理适用于含烯量为 0～ 10 0 % (体积分数 )的汽油 ,且主要针对含烯较高的催化裂化汽油。     

光离子化检测器的性能考察

光离子化检测器(Photoionization Detector.简称PID)是一种兼具通用性和选择性的气相色谱检测器。据国外文献报道,PID的线性范围宽,灵敏度很高,可以简化样品的前处理工作。由于PID对芳烃和烯烃具有选择性,可以降低混合碳氢化合物中烷烃基体的信号,简化色谱图。在目前的气相色谱方法中,除了微波等离子体发射光谱检测器(GC—MES)能将芳烃与烯烃和烷烃按结构类型区分外,还没有很好的方法能够解决极性相近化     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.