高能电子辐照和退火对磷锗锌晶体红外光学性质的影响

对采用改进的垂直布里奇曼法生长出的磷锗锌(ZnGeP2)单晶体样品,在300 K,10 MeV高能电子束下进行辐照实验,测试辐照前后其红外透过率.同时,对样品进行同成分粉末包裹退火处理,对比两种工艺对磷锗锌晶体红外透过率的影响.实验结果表明,退火和高能电子辐照都能对磷锗锌晶体的红外光学性质产生影响,提高其红外透过率.在本文的实验条件下,退火工艺对磷锗锌晶体红外透过率的提高更为明显.     

磷锗锌晶体的热处理研究

采用改进垂直布里奇曼法生长出的磷锗锌(ZnGeP2,ZGP)晶体中存在各种缺陷,导致其红外透过率较低,刚生长的晶体不能直接用于制备红外非线性光学器件.分别采用真空、同成分粉末包裹和真空-同成分粉末包裹的复合退火工艺对生长的ZGP晶体进行了退火热处理研究.应用傅立叶红外光谱仪(FTIR)、高阻仪(HRM)、X射线能谱仪(EDS)等对退火前后的晶体性能和成分进行了测试分析.结果表明,三种方法退火后晶体的红外透过率和电阻率都得到改善,其中复合退火工艺的改善效果最为显著,晶体红外透过率由41;提高到60;,电阻率由2.5×108 Ω·cm提高到7.2 ×108 Ω·cm,晶体成分接近ZGP理想化学配比,退火后晶体的光学和电学性能得到显著改善,可用于ZGP-OPO器件制作.     

γ辐射及退火MgAl2O4透明陶瓷光谱特性研究

本文用不同剂量的γ射线辐照镁铝尖晶石透明陶瓷,并对辐照后的样品进行等时退火,UV-VIS和FI-IR测试表明,辐照前3360cm-1处有吸收峰,它是由V-1OH心吸收引起的.经γ辐射,样品在370nm处产生吸收带,它是由辐照产生的V型色心吸收引起的.通过退火可以使V型色心吸收带消除.结果表明:较低剂量的γ辐照能降低陶瓷紫外到红外的透过率;大剂量的γ辐照能在陶瓷中产生退火效应,能增加陶瓷红外透过率.     

CdSiP2单晶退火研究

以高纯(6N) Cd、Si、P单质为原料,采用双温区气相输运法和改进的垂直布里奇曼法合成生长出等径尺寸为φ17 mm×65 mm的CdSiP2单晶锭,经切割抛光得到CdSiP2晶片.将样品分别置于真空、镉气氛、磷气氛和在同成分粉末包裹中进行了退火试验.采用X射线能量色散谱仪(EDS)和傅里叶红外分光光度计(FTIR)对退火前后的晶片组分及红外透过谱进行了测试分析.结果表明:四种氛围退火前后样品的组分变化不大,原子比接近理想的化学计量比;镉气氛下退火对晶片的红外透过率改善较为显著,在1600 ～ 4500 cm-1范围内的红外透过率由46;～52;提高到51; ～57;,接近CdSiP2晶体红外透过率的理论值.     

硅酸钇晶体的生长、腐蚀形貌和光谱性能研究

本文采用中频感应提拉法成功生长了未掺杂的Y2SiO5(YSO)晶体,经过定向、切割、抛光后得到样品.经过腐蚀后,利用大视场显微镜和扫描电镜在样品表面上观察到了菱形和四边形的位错蚀坑、小角晶界和包裹物等缺陷;测试了经过氢气、空气退火前后,辐照前后YSO晶体的透过谱,结果表明:YSO晶体的吸收边大约在202nm,氢气退火后在200～300nm波段透过率增加,空气退火后透过率显著降低;辐照后,氢气退火的样品在200～500nm波段透过率显著降低.     

AgGa1-xInxSe2晶体退火改性研究

采用改进布里奇曼法生长出外观完整的AgGa1-xInxSe2(x=0.2)单晶锭,晶体的红外透过率低,不能直接用于红外非线性光学器件制备.采用TA公司生产的SDTQ-600热分析仪进行DSC-TGA测试,发现其熔点为826.69℃,结晶点为750.86℃,总失重约为3.9217;.采用同成份粉末源包裹晶体,在抽空封结后进行退火处理.退火处理后晶体的红外透过率有明显改善.在4000cm-1～7000cm-1范围内红外透过率由原先低于25;改进到高于40;;在750cm-1～4000cm-1范围的红外透过率由原先低于45;改善到超过50;,在2000cm-1 ～750cm-1区域甚至高达60;.结果表明:采用同成分粉末源包裹,在抽空封结后退火处理能有效提高AgGa1-xInxSe2晶体的红外透过率,改善晶体的光学均匀性,退火后的晶体适合红外非线性光学器件制备.     

退火对电子辐照氮化镓光电性能的影响

本文对10 MeV电子辐照的GaN进行了不同温度的热退火处理.用光致发光谱和霍尔测量了样品的光电性能随退火温度的变化.实验结果表明:黄光带强度、电子浓度和电子迁移率随退火温度呈非线性变化.在200～600℃退火范围内,黄光带、电子浓度和电子迁移率的变化是由于辐照Ga空位与O施主杂质的结合和断裂引起的.800℃退火后黄光带、电子浓度和电子迁移率的变化与电子辐照引入的N空位有关.     

HfO2薄膜反应磁控溅射沉积工艺的研究

采用纯铪(Hf)金属靶,在氧和氩反应气氛中进行了HfO2薄膜反应磁控溅射沉积,研究了电源功率、O2/Ar比例和工作气压对薄膜组成及薄膜沉积过程的影响.对制备的HfO2薄膜进行了退火处理,利用X射线衍射仪(GIXRD)、红外波谱仪(FT-IR)和场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)表征了退火前后HfO2薄膜的显微结构、组织组成及红外透过性能.采用胶带测试测定了HfO2薄膜的附着性能.本研究得到了优化的沉积工艺参数.     

CdGeAs2晶体退火与红外光学均匀性分析

采用AIM-8800红外显微镜观察了CdGeAs2晶体的面扫描红外透过图像,分别在2.3～4μm、4～8 μm和8～18μm三个波段对退火前后的CdGeAs2晶片红外透过率和面扫描红外透过图像进行了对比分析,研究了晶体的红外均匀性.结果表明,CdGeAs2晶体在多晶粉末包裹下经450℃退火150 h后,其红外透过率和红外透过均匀性都得到较大程度的改善,其中在2.3 ～4μm和4～8μm波段的改善效果尤为显著;分析了影响晶体红外透过率和均匀性的主要因素,探讨了改善晶体均匀性的可能途径.研究结果对于快速评判CdGeAs2晶片质量具有重要的实用价值.     

溶胶-凝胶法制备ZnO薄膜及其微结构特性研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法(Sol-Gel)制备氧化锌(ZnO)薄膜,研究镀膜层数和退火温度对ZnO薄膜晶体结构、光谱性质及表面形貌的影响.X射线衍射谱测试表明,退火温度为600℃、镀膜层数为10层时制备样品的晶粒尺寸最大,结晶度最好.紫外-可见透过谱发现,样品退火后其透过率曲线变得陡直,光学带隙随退火温度升高而逐渐减小.光致发光谱测试显示,ZnO薄膜的发光谱包含388 nm和394 nm附近的两个主要发光峰,分别对应于本征发射和缺陷发射,其强度随退火温度升高呈现相反的变化.原子力显微照片则显示了随退火温度的升高制备样品表面晶粒的分布趋于均匀而致密.     

Triethyl ammonium salt of O,O′-bis(p-tolyl)dithiophosphate, [Et3NH]+[(4-MeC6H4O)2PS2]−

Triethyl ammonium Salt of O,O′-bis(p-tolyl)dithiophosphate and O,O′-bis(m-tolyl)dithiophosphate have been obtained by reaction of p- and m-cresol, respectively with P₂S₅ in toluene and have been characterized by elemental analysis, IR, ¹H and ³¹P NMR spectroscopy. The molecular structure of O,O′-bis(p-tolyl)dithiophosphate has been determined. Crystal data: [Et₃NH]⁺[(4-MeC₆H₄O)₂PS₂]⁻: Monoclinic, P2₁/c, a=15.2441(9) ?, b=10.415(2) ?, c=3.9726(9) ?, β=91.709(7)°, V=2217.5(1) ?⁻³, Z=4.Supplementary materials Additional material available from the Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre (CCDC no. 600927 for [Et₃NH]⁺[(4-MeC₆H₄O)₂PS₂]⁻ comprises the final atomic coordinates for all atoms, thermal parameters, and a complete listing of bond distances and angles. Copies of this information may be obtained free of charge on application to The Director, 12 Union Road, Cambridge CB2 2EZ, UK (fax: +44-1223-336033; email: deposit@ccdc.cam.ac.uk or www:http://www.ccdc.cam.ac.uk).     

First-principles coexistence simulations of supercooled liquid silicon

We perform first-principles coexistence simulations of the low-density and the high-density phases of supercooled liquid silicon and find a negative slope for the coexisting line in the temperature-pressure plane. Electron density maps and electron-localization function plots of the two phases of silicon show marked differences. The calculated differences suggest more localized electrons in the low-density liquid compared to the high-density liquid, coming from an increased population of covalent bonds, which further explain the calculated negative slope in the two phase coexistence regime. This is consistent with the presence of a pseudo-gap in low-density liquid silicon, absent in the high-density liquid which shows a metallic behavior.     

Crystal structures of thecis andtrans isomers of dithiahexahydro[3.3]metacyclophane

Structures of both thecis andtrans isomers of dithiahexahydro[3.3]metacyclophane, ?C₆H₄?CH₂SCH₂?C₆H₁₀?CH₂SCH₂?, have been determined, wherecis andtrans refer to the attachments to the cyclohexane ring. Thecis form crystallizes in the monoclinic space groupP2₁/c witha=8.4299(11)Å,b=21.772(2)Å,c=8.9724(13)Å, β=116.574(11)^o, andZ=4. Thetrans isomer packs into the monoclinic space groupP2₁ witha=8.159(16)Å,b=10.185(5)Å,c=9.558(2)Å, β=112.435(18)^o, andZ=2. The cyclohexane ring of thecis isomer is in the chair conformation, while the cyclohexane of thetrans isomer is found in a twisted boat conformation.     

CTAB与SDBS对碳酸锶粒子生长形态调控及机理研究

以表面活性剂CTAB和SDBS为化学添加剂,采用化学共沉淀法对碳酸锶晶体的生长形态进行调控,成功地制备出了实心的树枝状和花瓣为空心的花状碳酸锶粉体,并用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)等分析手段对样品进行了表征;最后重点对化学添加剂可能产生的影响机理进行了初步的探讨.结果表明,CTAB和SDBS在晶体生长的过程中能起到显著的影响作用,两者对粒子分散性能的作用效果相反,而且后者对晶体(013)和(213)晶面表面能降低的贡献明显大于前者.     

Crystal structure of Zn4Na(OH)6SO4Cl·6H2O

The structure of Zn₄Na(OH)₆SO₄Cl·6H₂O, a secondary mineral from Hettstedt, Germany, was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystals are hexagonal,a=8.413(8),c=13.095(24) Å, space group $P\bar 3$ , Z=2. The structure was refined to R=0.0554 and R_w=0.0903 for 970 reflections with I≥3σ(I). The structure can be described as zinc hydroxide layers perpendicular toc, from which sulfates and chlorides extend. The layers are held together by a system of hydrogen bonds involving hexaaquo Na⁺ ions which occupy the interlayer space.     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of 5-[2-(6-bromonaphthalenyloxymethyl)]-3-(4-morpholinomethyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2(3<Emphasis Type="Italic">H</Emphasis>)-thione

Abstract  The title compound, C₁₈H₁₈BrN₃O₃S, a derivative of 1,3,4-oxadiazole, crystallizes in the triclinic space group P-1 with unit cell parameters a = 6.8731(3), b = 8.9994(4), c = 15.7099(6) ?, α = 92.779(3)°, β = 130.575(3)°, γ = 107.868(4)°, Z = 2. The dihedral angle between the mean planes of the planar naphthyl and morpholine (chair) rings with the planar oxadiazol ring is 50.1(8) and 76.8(6)°, respectively. The planar naphthyl ring is twisted 52.2(5)° with the mean plane of the morpholine ring. A group of four intermolecular close contacts are observed between a bromine atom and hydrogen atoms from the closely packed naphthyl, morpholine and oxy–methyl groups in the unit cell. These molecular interactions in concert with an additional series of π–π stacking interactions that occur between the center of gravity of the two 6-membered rings of the naphthalene group influence the twist angles of each of these three groups. A MOPAC AM1 calculation of the conformation energy of the crystal structure [226.0128(9) kcal] compared to that of the minimum energy structure after geometry optimization [29.9744(1) kcal] reveals a significantly reduced value. The twist angles of the three groups above also change after the AM1 calculation giving support to the influence of both intermolecular C–H···Br short-range interactions and Cg π–π stacking interactions on these angles which therefore play a role in stabilizing crystal packing. Graphical Abstract  Crystal structure of 5-{[(6-bromonaphthalen-2-yl)oxy]methyl}-3-(morpholin-4-ylmethyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2(3H)-thione, C₁₈H₁₈BrN₃O₃S, is reported and its geometric and packing parameters described and compared to a MOPAC computational calculation. Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

Crystal structure of irisolidone from the flowers of Pueraia lobata

Irisolidone (5,7-dihydroxy-6,4′-dimethoxyisoflavone) was isolated from the flowers of Pueraia lobata and its crystal structure was examined by X-ray single crystal diffraction. The crystal structure of irisolidone is monoclinic, space group P2₁/c with a = 15.491(9) ?, b = 7.895(4) ?, c = 13.321(7) ?, β = 110.546(9)° and Z = 4. Hydrogen bonding and aromatic π–π stacking assemble the title compound into a three-dimensional networking structure.     

Synthesis of spinacine and spinacine derivatives: crystal and molecular structures of Nπ-hydroxymethyl spinacine and Nα-methyl spinaceamine

The natural amino acid L-Spinacine (4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-6-carboxylic acid) has been synthesized following a new pathway which gives a chemically and optically pure product with an excellent yield. The crystal structures of a synthetic intermediate, N^π-hydroxymethyl-spinacine, and a spinacine derivative, N^α-methyl-spinaceamine, have been investigated through X-ray diffraction: Spi(πMeOH)·H₂O, monoclinicP2 _i,a=8.571(1),b=6.682(1),c=8.588(1) Å, and β=94.67(1)^o. Spm(αMe)·2HCl·H₂O, triclinicP l,a=7.492(4),b=10.799(3),c=7.040(2) Å, α=91.88(2), β=98.36(3) and γ=73.34(3)^o. Spi(πMeOH) crystallizes with a water molecule and displays a zwitterionic character. The carboxylate group is in equatorial position and forms a short electrostatic interaction of 2.618(2) Å between one of its oxygens and the protonated nitrogen of the tetrahydropyridine ring. The crystal packing is assured by strong O?H???O, O?H???N, N?H???N intermolecular hydrogen bonds and C?H???O close contacts. The biprotonated compounds Spm(αMe) crystallizes with two Cl^? anions and a water molecule. The positive charge on the imidazole ring is delocalized on the conjugated moiety N=C?N. The crystal is built up by clusters formed by two biprotonated Spm(αMe) molecules, four Cl^? anions and two water molecules linked together by hydrogen bonds.