含二茂铁基聚合物的合成及应用研究进展

二茂铁基聚合物由于具有独特的结构特点,使其在电化学、催化、材料等方面受到了广泛的关注.二茂铁聚合物的种类较多且合成方法多种多样.本文综述了近年来含二茂铁基聚合物的合成及应用.从缩聚、开环聚合和接枝共聚等方面介绍了近年来二茂铁基聚合物的合成方法,讨论了二茂铁基聚合物在电化学、生物材料及其他方面的应用.最后,对二茂铁基聚合...     

主链或侧链含二茂铁的聚合物的合成和应用

由于二茂铁基聚合物独特的结构和性能,其在电化学、生物医学及光学等领域具有广阔应用前景。开发新型二茂铁基聚合物并探索其应用已经成为科研工作者的研究热点。本文主要综述主链或侧链含二茂铁的聚合物的合成及应用。其中合成主链含二茂铁的聚合物的方法主要有缩聚法和开环聚合法等。合成侧链含二茂铁的聚合物的方法主要有自由基聚合法、原子转移自由基聚合法和可逆加成断裂链转移聚合法等。最后,对二茂铁基聚合物的应用前景进行了展望。     

热开环聚合制备高分子量二茂铁基聚二甲基硅烷及其与四氰基乙烯生成电荷转移络合物的研究

主链含有过渡金属元素的聚合物由于其具有独特的结构和性能 ,长期以来一直受到学术界和工业界的高度关注[1～3] .通常这类聚合物的合成是采用不同单体间的缩聚方法来制备的[4] ,所得到的聚合物往往分子量较低如数千 ,因而这类聚合物的实用性较差 .近来 ,Ｍａｎｎｅｒｓ等人采用开环聚合法合成了结构单元中含有二茂铁夹心结构的高分子量二茂铁基聚硅烷[5] ,使得这类化合物向实用性方面前进了一大步 .高分子磁性材料由于其质轻、易于加工、保磁性强和易于回收利用等特点 ,以及在电子仪器、传感器、仪表、通讯和自动控制等领域的广泛应用前景 ,…     

二茂铁基聚合物超分子体系构建和性能的研究进展

二茂铁基聚合物具有独特的氧化还原、电、磁等性能，其构建成超分子体系后在传感器、催化、分子电子学、生物和医学等领域有着广泛的应用前景。本文综述二茂铁基线型聚合物和二茂铁基树枝状聚合物的超分子体系构建和性能方面的研究进展，并对今后的发展方面作一展望。     

二茂铁基环氧衍生物

二茂铁基环氧的分子结构中同时含有环氧和二茂铁,是一类兼具化学活性和多功能性的特殊材料。这类材料具有单体结构多样性和聚合物的多功能性,近年来对其制备方法和应用的研究受到广泛关注。研究者们已利用二茂铁醛、酮、烯、氯醇、双醇、乙酰氯等为中间体,制备出二十多种小分子化合物。采用二茂铁接枝环氧聚合物或含烯单体自由基聚合,分别得到多种结构的聚合物。本文在综述二茂铁基环氧制备方法的基础上,进一步讨论了这类材料的结构稳定性。研究发现,当二茂铁处于环氧的邻位时,极易形成卡宾结构,使得环氧开环并重排成醛。通过列举典型研究实例,阐明其在功能材料、传感介质、燃速催化、催化剂配体以及药物合成等方面的应用,并就其在材料表界面的发展趋势进行了展望。     

全共轭型二茂铁基聚合物

由于二茂铁独特的夹心结构使含二茂铁基聚合物具有独特的电、磁、催化以及氧化还原性能。全共轭型二茂铁基聚合物由于其特殊的π-π电子结构,使其在电学、光学等方面的表现出优越的性质。本文从3个方面（主链型、侧链型和超支化型）介绍了近年来含有二茂铁基团全共轭聚合物的合成及其性能方面的研究进展,讨论了聚合物的结构对溶解性、氧化还原性等方面的影响,并探讨了这一领域存在的问题及可能的发展方向。     

高度支化状二茂铁基聚合物研究进展*

高度支化状二茂铁基聚合物具有丰富的拓扑结构形态和独特的电、磁、催化和氧化还原性能,而且这类材料具有独特的流动性能、低的粘度和进一步的可反应性,从而使得它们展现出良好的应用前景,开发二茂铁基功能高分子材料正日益受到重视.本文介绍高度支化状二茂铁基聚合物的合成、结构、性能以及应用的研究进展.     

可溶性聚3-[(二茂铁甲酸乙酯)三乙氧基]氧基噻吩的合成与性质表征

采用化学聚合方法合成了一种含二茂铁电活性基团的新型导电聚噻吩衍生物聚3-[(二茂铁甲酸乙酯)三乙氧基]氧基噻吩, 用1H NMR和红外光谱等方法对其结构进行了表征. 实验结果表明, 该聚合物可溶于三氯甲烷、四氢呋喃和丙酮等有机溶剂, 并且二茂铁在聚合物中依然保持良好的氧化还原活性, 对钠离子具有良好的选择性络合作用.     

乙烯基二茂铁共聚物修饰电极的研究进展

乙烯基二茂铁具有良好的电性能、磁性能和氧化还原性能,且由乙烯基二茂铁和带功能性基团的乙烯基单体共聚合成的聚合物电介体弥补了小分子电介体存在易流失的缺点,具有广泛的应用前景。乙烯基二茂铁在聚合过程中容易发生"分子内电子转移",溶剂效应和位阻效应可能是诱发该反应发生的原因。本文概述了乙烯基二茂铁自由基聚合的特点及其修饰电极常用的制备和表征方法,并着重分析了测试电位、膜厚度、温度、乙烯基二茂铁结构单元含量以及残留单体对酶电极的影响。     

1，1’-二茂铁二甲醛的合成研究

半个世纪以来，由于二茂铁及其衍生物表现出特有的芳香性、稳定性、氧化还原性及生物活性等，使得它们在材料、航天、医疗等领域得到了广泛的应用。醛基取代二茂铁衍生物是其中的重要一种，除了具有二茂铁的特性外，还具有醛基的还原性以及羰基和Cp环的共轭特征，使其成为重要的中间体或起始原料，例如：Wright课题组首次合成了主链含二茂铁的二阶非线形金属有机聚合物，     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.