正相液相色谱法测定洗涤用品中的烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚

建立了正相液相色谱法测定洗涤用品中烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚的分析方法.洗涤用品样品以正己烷.异丙醇混合溶液超声提取后,采用Agilent ZORBAX NH2(5μm,250 mm×4.6 mm i.d.)色谱柱,以A(90%正己烷.10%异丙醇,V/V)和B(90%异丙醇-10%水,V/V)为流动相进行梯度洗脱,不同聚合度的烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚色谱峰实现了理想的分离效果.在低、中、高3个添加水平下,烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚的平均回收率为92.3%～95.7%,相对标准偏差在3.9%～5.7%之间.     

凝胶过滤色谱-串联质谱法测定纺织品中的烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚

建立了纺织品中烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚的凝胶过滤色谱-串联质谱(GFC-MS/MS)分析方法。纺织品样品采用加速溶剂萃取法,以无水乙醇为提取溶剂进行提取,提取液经Sep-Pak Carbon/NH2石墨化碳黑/氨基复合型固相萃取柱净化。烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚经Shodex MSpak GF-310 2D色谱柱(150×2.0 mm)分离后,在多反应监测(MRM)模式下进行串联质谱定性及定量分析。方法对壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚(NPnEO)和辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚(OPnEO)的定量限均为0.2 mg/kg,在0.2～5 mg/kg的3个添加水平范围内,NPnEO的平均回收率为84.2%～93.5%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为3.9%～7.5%;OPnEO的平均回收率为85.5%～96.1%,RSD为3.4%～8.1%。该方法能够满足纺织品中烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚的检测要求。     

液质联用法测定纺织品中烷基酚和烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚

采用高效液相色谱-质谱法测定了纺织品中残留的辛基酚、壬基酚、辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚和壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚,对提取方式、提取溶剂等前处理条件进行了优化,对质谱监测离子进行了选择。该方法检出限(S/N=5)为0.010~0.025 mg/kg,回收率为93%~106%,相对标准偏差为1.0%~5.0%,方法简便、准确,灵敏度高。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定纺织品中烷基酚

建立了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱联用法同时快速测定纺织品中2种烷基酚的分析方法。通过实验条件的优化,样品用甲醇在60℃超声提取30 min,萃取液过滤后以C18色谱柱为分离柱,电喷雾负离子模式电离,多重反应监测模式测定,外标法定量。2种烷基酚在0.05～1 mg·L^-1浓度范围内呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数(r²)均大于0.995,方法检出限分别为0.25(OP)和0.34(NP)mg·kg^-1,在3个不同浓度水平进行加标回收试验,平均回收率为81.7%～109.0%,相对标准偏差(n=6)为4.3%～9.2%。方法检出限低,分析时间短,适用于实际纺织品材料中烷基酚的分析检测。     

荧光摩尔吸收系数法测定洗护用品中烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚

建立了洗涤用品和化妆品护理用品中烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚(NPnEO和OPnEO,n=0～30)的高效液相色谱分析方法。采用乙腈水溶液超声提取不同基质类型的洗涤用品和化妆品护理用品,利用快速反相C18柱(Poroshell 120 EC-C18,75 mm×4.6 mm,2.7μm)串联HILIC硅胶色谱柱(Atlantis HILIC Slica,250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)对NPnEO和OPnEO的各单体及样品杂质进行有效分离,以乙腈-10 mmol/L醋酸铵溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,荧光检测器进行检测,建立了荧光摩尔吸收系数定量校正NPnEO和OPnEO的计算模型。通过测定NPnEO和OPnEO混合标准溶液,计算得到两者的荧光摩尔吸收系数。对样品中NPnEO和OPnEO的平均分子量进行测定,并利用荧光摩尔吸收系数对总峰面积进行校正定量。方法的回收率为99.0%～105.7%,相对标准偏差不大于12.5%,定量下限为40.0 mg/kg。该方法快速、准确、适用范围广,可用于各类洗涤用品和化妆品护理用品中烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚(NPnEO和OPnEO)含量的检测。     

两项纺织品检测技术通过鉴定

2005年12月4日，中国检验检疫科学研究院在京主持召开了“纺织品中烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚的检测技术研究”鉴定会。该课题在国内首次建立了用于测定纺织品中烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚（APEOs）的高效液相色谱法与液相色谱-质谱联用法两种检测方法，这两种方法准确可靠、简便快速，总体技术达到了国际同类水平，适用于棉、麻、丝、毛、涤等多种纺织品中烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚的检测，为我国纺织品的进出口贸易提供了先进实用的检测技术手段。     

超高效液相色谱法测定纺织品中三氯生的含量

建立了快速准确测定纺织品中三氯生含量的高效液相色谱法,该方法以二氯甲烷为提取溶剂,超声提取了纺织品中的抗菌剂三氯生,提取液经浓缩吹干后用流动相定容,以甲醇-水(90∶10)为流动相,采用二极管阵列(PDA)检测器进行检测。该方法的线性范围为0.5~80 mg/L,检出限(S/N=3)为0.1 mg/L,回收率为95%~105%。     

高效液相色谱-核磁共振光谱法测定纺织品及纺织助剂中烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚

建立了高效液相色谱-核磁共振光谱法测定纺织品及纺织助剂中烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚(APEO)的方法。用色谱保留时间及核磁共振光谱定性,色谱外标法定量,流动相为甲醇-乙酸铵溶液,紫外检测器检测波长为277 nm,APEO的质量浓度在5~250 mg.L-1范围内,浓度与峰面积呈线性关系,相关系数为0.992 8;保留时间的相对标准偏差小于0.21%,峰面积的相对标准偏差小于3.69%,回收率在91%~98%之间。纺织品中检测下限可达到1.0 mg.kg-1。该法已用于纺织品及纺织助剂的进出口检验。     

固相萃取高效液相色谱质谱法测定海水中烷基酚和烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚

建立了固相萃取-高效液相色谱-电喷雾质谱分析海水中辛基酚、壬基酚、辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚和壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚的方法。海水样品经C18固相萃取柱富集净化后,以甲醇-水为流动相,在Hypersil GOLD色谱柱上分离,电喷雾质谱在选择离子监测模式下分析目标化合物,采用外标法定量。结果表明,4种化合物的平均加标回收率为59.6%～104.4%,相对标准偏差(RSD, n=3)为1.0%～13.5%;仪器检出限为0.08～3 μg/L。将本方法用于大连海岸6个采样点海水中辛基酚、壬基酚、辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚和壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚的检测发现,样品中壬基酚和壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚均有检出,且油港和海港附近海水中的含量较高。     

磁性石墨烯分散固相萃取结合液相色谱-串联质谱法测定水基胶中的双酚A和烷基酚

建立了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)与磁性石墨烯相结合测定水基胶中双酚A、壬基酚和辛基酚的方法。样品提取后,以磁性石墨烯分散固相萃取净化,经BEH C18色谱柱分离。分析物的回收率在81.5%～97.9%之间,日间相对标准偏差(RSDs)小于8.0%。所有化合物均获得了良好的线性系数(r≥0.9996),检出限(LOD)和定量限(LOQ)范围分别为3～8μg/kg和10～26μg/kg。采用该方法对20个水基胶实际样品进行检测,仅有1个样品检出4-正壬基酚。该方法可用于测定水基胶中双酚A和4种烷基酚的含量。     

Determination of alkylphenols and alkylphenol polyethoxylates by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography and solid-phase extraction

A simple, accurate and reproducible reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed for the separation and characterisation of alkylphenols (APs) and alkylphenol polyethoxylates (APEOs), using a C18 octadecyl silica (ODS) column. APs and each APEO oligomer were separated successfully within a reasonable time without gradient elution. An excellent resolution was obtained, even for mixtures of APs and low EO number APEOs, which are otherwise difficult to separate using conventional normal-phase HPLC methods. This method, combined with solid-phase extraction, was highly applicable for the simultaneous determination of alkylphenols and alkylphenol ethoxylates in real samples.     

Matrix Effects on Water Analysis for Alkylphenols Using Solid Phase Extraction Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

Gas chromatography with mass spectrometry is frequently used for the quantification of many classes of substances, including alkylphenols. Alkylphenol polyethoxylates are nonionic surfactants used in a wide variety of industrial and consumer applications. Alkylphenol polyethoxylates can degrade to alkylphenols, which are endocrine disruptors. In analytical validation procedures, the most common parameters studied are the detection and quantification limits, linearity, and recovery; however, the matrix effects are sometimes neglected. Although some investigators have evaluated matrix effects, there is no consensus on how to evaluate them during method validation. In this study, the matrix effects of alkylphenol polyethoxylates (nonylphenol monoethoxylate, nonylphenol diethoxylate, octylphenol monoethoxylate, octylphenol diethoxylate) and alkylphenols (nonylphenol and octylphenol) were studied using solid phase extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. For alkylphenol polyethoxylates, the matrix effects ranged from 16 to 4692%, whereas for alkylphenols (nonylphenol and octylphenol), the effects were insignificant. Therefore, constructing an analytical curve in the matrix for alkylphenol polyethoxylates is essential.     

纺织品与食品包装材料中烷基酚及双酚A迁移量的液相色谱-串联质谱分析

建立了纺织品与食品包装材料中烷基酚及双酚A迁移量的液相色谱-串联质谱分析方法.纺织品和食品包装材料浸泡液经Supelclean Envi-Carb石墨化碳黑固相萃取柱净化,以Waters XBridge C_(18)(150 mm×2.1 mm,3.5 μm)色谱柱分离后,进行LC-MS/MS多反应监测模式下的定性及定量分析.烷基酚和双酚A在纺织品模拟汗液、食品模拟物介质中特定迁移量的定量下限分别为2、4 μg/kg.在低、中、高3个添加水平下,测得纺织品样品的回收率为83%～91%,相对标准偏差为4.1%～9.0%;食品包装材料样品的回收率为82%～94%,相对标准偏差为3.9%～8.7%.     

Ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination of alkylphenols in soil

A novel method has been developed for the determination of alkylphenols in soil by ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography employing small particle sizes, combined with tandem mass spectrometry. Soil samples were extracted with pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) and then cleaned with solid-phase extraction (SPE). The extracts were separated on C18 column (1.7 μm, 50 mm × 2.1 mm) with a gradient elution and a mobile phase consisting of water and acetonitrile, and then detected by an electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry in negative ion mode with multiple reaction monitoring (MRM). Compared with traditional liquid chromatography, it took ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography much less time to analyze alkylphenols. Additionally, the ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry method produces satisfactory reliability, sensitivity, and accuracy. The average recoveries of the three target analytes were 74.0–103.4%, with the RSD < 15%. The calibration curves for alkylphenols were linear within the range of 0.01–0.4 μg/ml, with the correlation coefficients greater than 0.99. When 10 g soil sample was used for analysis, the limits of quantification (LOQs) of the three alkylphenols were all 1.0 μg/kg.     

高效液相色谱法测定奶粉和液态奶中的三聚氰胺

建立了奶粉和液态奶中三聚氰胺的高效液相色谱（HPLC）检测方法。经阳离子交换固相萃取柱净化后的样品采用HPLC测定。优化的色谱条件：C18柱（4.6 mm ×200 mm,5 μm）,流动相为乙腈-0.01 mol/L庚烷磺酸钠（pH 3.3）（体积比为10∶90）,流速为1.0 mL/min,检测波长为236 nm,柱温为40 ℃,进样量为20 μL。方法的线性范围为1~500 mg/L,检出限为0.2 mg/kg （S/N=3）,定量限为1 mg/kg （S/N=15）,回收率为81.4%~83.7%,相对标准偏差为3.3%~8.5%（n=6）。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定肾复康胶囊中的野黄芩苷和芦丁

建立了肾复康胶囊中野黄芩苷和芦丁的反相高效液相色谱测定方法。以甲醇-水为提取溶剂,采用超声提取法对样品进行前处理。以0.02 mol/L磷酸二氢钾缓冲溶液(含1.0％（体积分数）冰醋酸)-甲醇（体积比为63∶37）为流动相,于330 nm波长下检测,肾复康提取液中野黄芩苷和芦丁可达基线分离,分析时间在20 min内。野黄芩苷和芦丁在10 ~300 mg/L内,其峰面积与浓度之间线性关系良好,目标物的加标回收率大于98％。该方法适用于肾复康胶囊及相关药材中野黄芩苷和芦丁黄酮类化合物的测定和质量控制。     

Development and validation of a high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of clomazone residues in surface water

A method is described for the determination of clomazone residues in surface water by high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection. The method involves solid-phase extraction with C18 extraction tubes. Clomazone was separated on a C18 column with a mobile phase of methanol-water (65:35, v/v) at pH 4.0 and a flow-rate of 1.0 ml/min. After optimization of the extraction and separation conditions, the method was validated. The method developed can be used for determination of clomazone in surface water, at the limit of 0.1 mcirog/l set by the European Union drinking water directive, with a 400-fold preconcentration.     

二氧化硅/聚苯乙烯复合微球的制备及作为固相萃取填料的研究

以分散聚合法制备了二氧化硅/聚苯乙烯单分散复合微球,以红外光谱、透射电镜(TEM)、扫描电镜(SEM)等手段对其进行了表征。以合成的二氧化硅/聚苯乙烯作为固相萃取填料制作固相萃取小柱。通过固相萃取与液相色谱联用,测定了水中邻硝基酚、间硝基酚、对硝基酚和辛基酚、壬基酚,考察了固相萃取条件对固相萃取柱性能的影响,选择了最佳的色谱分离条件。结果表明,自制固相萃取小柱对水中硝基酚、烷基酚的萃取率高,与HPLC联用测定结果重现性好,邻硝基酚、间硝基酚、对硝基酚、辛基酚、壬基酚的最低检出限分别为0.90、0.72、0.62、0.38和0.41μg/L。     

Automatic on‐line solid‐phase extraction with ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry for the determination of ten antipsychotics in human plasma

An automatic on‐line solid‐phase extraction with ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry method was developed for the simultaneous determination of ten antipsychotics in human plasma. The plasma sample after filtration was injected directly into the system without any pretreatment. A Shim‐pack MAYI‐C₈ (G) column was used as a solid‐phase extraction column, and all the analytes were separated on a Shim‐pack XR‐ODS III column with a mobile phase consisting of 0.1% v/v formic acid in water with 5 mM ammonium acetate and acetonitrile. The method features were systematically investigated, including extraction conditions, desorption conditions, the equilibration solution, the valve switching time, and the dilution for column‐head stacking. Under the optimized conditions, the whole analysis procedure took only 10 min. The limits of quantitation were in the range of 0.00321–2.75 μg/L and the recoveries ranged from 75.9 to 122%. Compared with the off‐line ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography and the reported methods, this validated on‐line method showed significant advantages such as minimal pretreatment, shortest analysis time, and highest sensitivity. The results indicated that this automatic on‐line method was rapid, sensitive, and reliable for the determination of antipsychotics in plasma and could be extended to other target analytes in biological samples.