Rate Constants for Reaction Between Hydroxyl Radical and Dimethyl Sulfide Under Real Atmospheric Condition

用相对速率方法分别考察了OH自由基与DMS在氮气、空气和氧气体系的反应速率常数. 发现使用HONO和CH3ONO作为OH自由基发生剂时,基态氧原子O(3P)对动力学的测定有很大的影响. H2O2为OH自由基的发生剂,室温下在氮气、空气及氧气体系下的速率常数分别为4.50×10-12,8.56×10-12和11.31×10-12 cm3/(molecule?s).在287～338 K,测得氮气和空气体系下的阿累尼乌斯表达式分别为:kair=(7.24±0.28)×10-13exp[(770.7±97.2)/T],kN2=(3.40±0.15)×10-11exp[-(590.3±165.9)/T     

电离规管保护器

一、概述电离规管是目前应用非常广泛的一种高真空测量传感元件。在工作时其灯丝是处于红热状态,因此对被测气体的真空度有一定的要求,即在压强小于1.3 x 10~(-1)pa(10~(-3)Torr)时才能开启,否则管子的灯丝极易氧化烧断。通常电子管式复合真空计均不具备电离规管保护电路,某些晶体管式的虽有保护电路(如sG-3型及SZ6804B型),     

中压下三维内翅管中的上升流动与传热

对中压下水在垂直三维内翅管中强制上升流动时的流阻与传热性能进行了试验研究。试验压力为33×10~5—41×10~5Pa,雷诺数Re=4×10~4—2×10~6。建立了流阻与传热关联式,并与光滑管和其它典型强化传热管进行了比较。结果表明,试验用三维内翅管具有优良的热力特性。有很高的推广应用价值。     

α，β— 蒎烯气相臭氧化速率常数的测定

对α-蒎烯、β-蒎烯和O3的大气反应进行了初步实验室模拟,利用长光程傅里叶变换红外光谱技术结合相对速率法测得在1.0×105Pa,296±3K条件下,α-蒎烯、β-蒎烯和O3气相反应的速率常数分别为2.83×1017cm3@molecule-1@s-1和1.48×1017cm3@molecule-1@s.     

α,β-蒎烯气相臭氧化速率常数的测定

对α 蒎烯、β 蒎烯和O3的大气反应进行了初步实验室模拟 ,利用长光程傅里叶变换红外光谱技术结合相对速率法测得在 1 0× 10 5Pa,2 96± 3K条件下 ,α 蒎烯、β 蒎烯和O3气相反应的速率常数分别为2 83× 10 17cm3·molecule-1·s-1和 1 4 8× 10 17cm3·molecule-1·s-1。     

多晶LaB6阴极的脉冲热发射特性

 采用多晶LaB₆材料制成平板二极管阴极，阳极采用钼材料，阴极采用热传导与热辐射加热，加热体为石墨。实验研究了不同阴极温度、不同真空度下的脉冲发射特性，并对热发射稳定性进行了分析。结果表明： 在动态真空系统中， 阴极发射面积为0.012 1 cm²， 工作真空度为2×10^-4 Pa， 阴极温度分别为1 600， 1 650和1 700 ℃，在脉冲宽度为40 ms、重复频率为107 Hz的条件下，最大脉冲发射电流密度分别为34.0，44.0和53.8 A/cm²; 2×10^-4，5×10^-4和2×10^-3 Pa压强下的发射能力没有明显的差异;脉冲宽度的变化不影响发射电流密度的变化。     

氧分压对Cu-NiFe_2O_4金属陶瓷相成份的影响

用高温固相法合成的NiFe2O4陶瓷粉末,选取Cu为金属陶瓷的金属相成分,研究了氧分压对Cu-NiFe2O4金属陶瓷的相成份的影响,结果表明:当烧结温度为1150℃,氧分压大于2.23Pa时,Cu被大量氧化;氧分压小于4.2×10-3Pa时,Cu和离解的Ni反应生产Cu3.8Ni合金,试样的导电性或抗氧化性都会降低,1150℃下烧结制备Cu-NiFe2O4金属陶瓷的最佳氧分压是(0.3-42.0)×10-2Pa。     

CHCl3电子吸附速率常数的离子迁移谱

利用电晕放电离子迁移谱, 使用高纯氮气作为载气和迁移气体, 研究了电场强度在200～500 V/cm变化时CHCl₃的解离电子吸附速率常数, 得到样品所对应的电子吸附速率常数为1.26×10^-8～8.24×10^-9 cm³/(molecules s)．利用该装置测量了固定电场下,样品的电子吸附速率常数与样品浓度之间的关系．此外利用所获得的离子迁移谱图得到了不同电场强度下Cl^-与CHCl₃之间的离子分子反应速率常数.     

虚阴极振荡器“硬管化”实验研究

 采用锆泵作为吸气泵，设计出静态保真空模拟实验装置。在该实验装置上进行了保真空可行性实验，装置在经过10 d的保真空后，真空度为1.4×10^-3 Pa 。在模拟保真空实验成功实现的基础上，用常规微波管技术设计加工了“硬管”器件，并进行保真空实验，静态下真空度经过15 d仍能维持在2×10^-2 Pa。该器件在峰值电压为330 kV的条件下，输出微波功率达到650 MW，脉宽为40 ns，主频为3.68 GHz，性能比普通器件有很大改善，微波脉宽更宽，频谱更单一，而且稳定性很高。     

气压对吸气式激光推进冲量耦合系数的影响

 保持CO₂激光的单脉冲能量为61.4~64.6 J，采用高精度冲击摆系统进行了不同气压下吸气模式激光推进冲量耦合系数的实验测试，分析了对应的高度特性。结果表明：气压为2.8×10⁴～1×10⁵ Pa，即距离地面0～10 km时，冲量耦合系数大约3.5×10^-4 N·s·J^-1，上下波动幅度低于5%；气压低于2.8×10⁴ Pa，即高度大于10 km时，冲量耦合系数呈二次曲线显著下降；当气压降至1×10³ Pa，即距离地面约31 km高度时，耦合系数仅为9.7×10-5 N·s·J^-1。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.