毛细管电泳法高效筛选8-氧代鸟嘌呤DNA糖基化酶的核酸适配体

8-氧代鸟嘌呤DNA糖基化酶(OGG1)是人体中重要的功能蛋白,在修复DNA氧化性损伤过程中起关键作用。氧化应激等引起的氧化损伤易导致炎症反应的发生,对OGG1的抑制可以一定程度上起到缓解作用;对癌细胞OGG1的抑制有望作为癌症治疗的新方法。目前的研究多集中于小分子对OGG1功能的影响和调控,而OGG1的适配体筛选尚未见报道。作为功能配体,适配体具有合成简单、高亲和力及高特异性等优点。该文筛选了OGG1的核酸适配体,结合毛细管电泳高效快速的优点建立了两种基于毛细管电泳-指数富集进化(CE-SELEX)技术的筛选方法:同步竞争法和多轮筛选法。同步竞争法利用单链结合蛋白(SSB)与核酸库中单链核酸的强结合能力,与目标蛋白OGG1组成竞争体系,并通过增加SSB浓度来增加竞争筛选压力,以去除与OGG1弱结合的核酸序列,一步筛选即可获得与OGG1强结合的核酸序列。多轮筛选法在相同孵育条件和电泳条件下,经3轮筛选获得OGG1的核酸适配体。比较两种筛选方法的筛选结果,筛选结果中频次最高的3条候选核酸适配体序列一致,其解离常数(K_D)值在1.71~2.64 μmol/L之间。分子对接分析结果表明候选适配体1(Apt 1)可能与OGG1中具有修复氧化性损伤功能的活性口袋结合。通过对两种筛选方法的对比,证明同步竞争法更加快速高效,对其他蛋白核酸适配体筛选方法的选择具有一定的指导意义。得到的适配体有望用于OGG1功能调控,以抑制其修复功能。     

基于PET过程的分子开关型荧光传感器研究进展

基于PET过程的分子开关型荧光传感器研究进展;光诱导电子转移;给体;受体;分子开关;光物理技术     

识别过渡金属离子的1,8-萘二甲酰亚胺多胺衍生物荧光传感器的研究

A series of fluorescent chemosensors 1-3 were synthesized to detect transition metal ions. At the room temperature, fluorescence intensities of these chemosensors in acetonitrile without transition metal ions were found to be very weak, due to the process of the e±cient intramolecular photoinduced electron transfer (PET). However, after addition of the transition metal ions, the chemosensor 1-3 exhibits obvious fluorescence enhancement. Moreover, the intensity of the fluorescence emission of chemosensors increases significantly in the presence of Zn2+ and Cd2+. The fluorescent chemosensors with different polyamine as receptors show diverse a±nity abilities to the transition metal ions and signal the receptor-metal ion interaction by the intensity change of fluorescence emission.     

水溶液中对Cr~(3+)高选择性荧光化学传感器的研究

设计了一种新型的Cr3+荧光化学传感器.通过荧光光谱滴定实验研究了其对Li+,Na+,K+,Zn2+,Co2+,Ni 2+,Cu2+,Fe2+,Mn2+,Al 3+,Fe3+和Cr3+等不同金属离子的选择性识别能力,结果表明,该传感器在生理pH=7.4的HEPES中对Cr3+表现出较高的选择性,并与Cr3+形成1∶1配合物,主客体相互作用荧光猝灭的络合常数为(7.80±0.34)×103.     

二卤代荧光素衍生物的荧光性能调控

用紫外可见吸收光谱、稳态/瞬态荧光光谱和单线态氧捕捉等方法分别测量了荧光素钠及4,5位-二卤代荧光素钠(FLX2,X=H,Cl,Br,I)的电子吸收光谱、荧光光谱、荧光量子效率(Φf)、荧光寿命(τf)和单线态氧量子产率(ΦΔ),并与荧光素钠的相应性质进行了比较。对应于X=H,Cl,Br,I,FLX2的Φf值分别为0.92、0.96、0.69、0.16;τf值分别为4.16、4.72、3.50、0.80 ns;ΦΔ值分别为0.003 4、0.049、0.30、0.68。随着氯、溴、碘原子量增大,相应的Φf和τf值并非顺序减小,ΦΔ值逐渐增大,只用重原子效应不能解释二卤代荧光素的荧光和光敏性质变化,而结合分子内光诱导电子转移就能较好的解释实验结果。     

二卤代荧光素衍生物的荧光性能调控

用紫外可见吸收光谱、稳态/瞬态荧光光谱和单线态氧捕捉等方法分别测量了荧光素钠及4,5位-二卤代荧光素钠（FLX₂,X=H,Cl,Br,I）的电子吸收光谱、荧光光谱、荧光量子效率（Φ_f）、荧光寿命（τ_f）和单线态氧量子产率（Φ_Δ）,并与荧光素钠的相应性质进行了比较。对应于X=H,Cl,Br,I,FLX₂的Φ_f值分别为0.92、0.96、0.69、0.16;τ_f值分别为4.16、4.72、3.50、0.80ns;Φ_Δ值分别为0.0034、0.049、0.30、0.68。随着氯、溴、碘原子量增大,相应的Φ_f和τ_f值并非顺序减小,Φ_Δ值逐渐增大,只用重原子效应不能解释二卤代荧光素的荧光和光敏性质变化,而结合分子内光诱导电子转移就能较好的解释实验结果。     

基于酶循环放大的DNA生物传感器用于检测食管鳞状细胞癌生物标志物蛋白PDGF-BB

食管鳞状细胞癌(ESCC)患者发病早期由于体内的肿瘤标志物种类少且含量低,难以在患病早期发现疾病从而快速反应并有效治疗.因此,找到一种合适的标志物对其进行快速高效检测是研究者亟待解决的问题.血小板衍生生长因子(PDGF-BB)在恶性肿瘤的早期诊断中具有极其重要的地位.该文基于酶循环放大荧光光谱设计了一种用于PDGF-B...     

8-羟基鸟嘌呤自由基的开环反应机理

使用经实验校准的B3LYP/DZP++方法研究了8-羟基鸟嘌呤自由基的开环反应机理. 计算结果表明, 该反应先后历经C8—N9键的断裂、羟基H原子向N7原子转移两个步骤完成, 转移中的H原子具有阳离子的特征. 当没有水存在时, 羟基H原子的转移反应需经历一个四元环的过渡态, 具有较高的活化能, 反应较困难. 但如果有水分子存在, 羟基H原子的转移步骤将经历一个低活化能的六元环过渡态, 使整个8-羟基鸟嘌呤自由基的开环反应可以在较温和的条件下顺利完成. 在无水催化时, 羟基H转移是反应的速率控制步骤; 而有水催化时, 反应的速率由C8—N9键的断裂步骤控制.     

理论研究8-氮杂鸟嘌呤自由基阳离子脱质子反应

由于8-氮杂鸟嘌呤（8-AG）的氧化还原电势比鸟嘌呤（G）更低,所以单电子氧化嵌有8-AG的DNA后,空穴最终会被8-AG捕获形成8-氮杂鸟嘌呤自由基阳离子（8-AG^·+）.因为酸性的急剧增强,8-AG^·+一般会发生脱质子反应.在本工作中,在M06-2X/6-31+G（d）理论水平,使用显性水分子和连续溶剂化模型模拟8-AG^·+的溶剂化效应,对其脱亚氨基质子（N（1）-H）反应进行了研究.发现位于8-AG^·+中N（1）-H、O（6）、N（2）-H附近以及在O（6）水分子附近稍微远离8-AG^·+的4个水分子会对8-AG^·+脱质子反应产生重要影响,质子从8-AG^·+传递到溶液中具有方向性;最后,通过进一步在N（2）-H、N（3）、O（6）、N（7）和N（8）等位点附近添加水分子（9H₂O）得到了更加精确的8-AG^·+脱质子反应能垒（19.5 kJ/mol）.     

DNA修饰碱基5-甲基胞嘧啶和8-羟基鸟嘌呤的毛细管气相色谱分析及质谱鉴定

探索了GC/FID定量分析DNA修饰碱基 5 甲基胞嘧啶和 8 羟基鸟嘌呤的实验条件 ,用GC/MS鉴定各有关成分。结果表明 ,DNA水解物中不同成分可被成功地衍生和分离 ;5 甲基胞嘧啶和 8 羟基鸟嘌呤的相对摩尔反应因子分别为 3 0和 1 3;灵敏度分别为 5 50× 1 0 9mV·s/ g和 7 59× 1 0 1 0 mV·s/ g ;检测限可分别达 36 4pg/s和 1 5 8pg/s ;整个分析流程的相对标准偏差小于 2 0 %。     

基于荧光猝灭的光纤DNA传感器的构建及其性能研究

以钌(Ⅱ)多吡啶配合物[Ru(bipy)2DAFND](Cl O4)2(Ru-DAFND,bipy=2,2'-联吡啶,DAFND=4,5-二氮杂芴-9-对硝基苯腙)为指示剂,采用锁相放大技术构建了基于荧光猝灭原理的光纤DNA传感器,研究了传感器的性能。以p H 7.1的Tris缓冲溶液为介质,在2.6×10-8~5.4×10-6mol/L范围,ct DNA浓度与传感器光学敏感膜的相对滞后相移(Δφ)有较好的线性关系,检出限为8.4×10-9mol/L,响应时间为70 s。通过研究溶液p H值和干扰物对传感器性能的影响,表明该传感系统具有较好的重复性和稳定性。     

Automated Photo-Induced Fluorescence Determination of Flumetsulam

Abstract

The present article deals with a new procedure for determination of the herbicide flumetsulam. The fluorimetric procedure is performed on the basis of photo-increased fluorimetric emission of the pesticide solution and by means of a multicommutation continuous-flow assembly. The alkaline solution containing the analyte is irradiated online and then directly forced through the fluorimeter flow cell. The analysis of different samples is completely automated, as the analyte separation was performed online by including a separation cartridge in the manifold. When dealing with solid samples (such as soil samples), the automation was completed by adding to the manifold the corresponding device for the aqueous extraction of the analyte from the sample suspension.     

基于荧光内滤效应的荧光增强型钠离子光纤传感器

在吸收型钠离子光化学传感器的敏感膜中加入合适的荧光试剂,应用荧光内滤效应研制成的荧光增强型光纤传感器,在测量灵敏度和抗背景干扰能力方面均有较大的改善,对血清和矿泉水样品中的钠离子含量进行了分析,获得了满意的结果。     

过渡金属离子识别的1，8-萘二甲酰亚氨衍生物作为荧光传感器的研究

Two fluorosensor systems have been designed and synthesized with their photophysical properties and fluorescence responses toward the transition metal ions studied. The fluorosensor was composed of 1,8-naphthalimide and 4-chloro-1,8-naphthalimide as fluorophore respectively, an amino moiety as the receptor and a hydrocarbon chain as the spacer to link the fluorophore and receptor. Fluorescence intensity of these systems is very weak due to the process of the efficient intramolecular photoinduced electron transfer （PET） in the absence of metal ions. Titration of the transition metal ions can switch on the fluorescence immediately. The intensity of released fluorescence is even higher than the expected from the consideration of the PET in these systems. It may be rationalized that the receptor bound to transition metal ions and the solvation of the fluorophore by the water molecules from the hydrated transition metal salts, may significantly cause fluorescence enhancement.     

Tetrahydrofuran Activates Fluorescence Resonant Energy Transfer from a Cationic Conjugated Polyelectrolyte to Fluorescein‐Labeled DNA in Aqueous Media

A cationic water‐soluble conjugated polyelectrolyte, poly[9,9‐bis(6′′‐(N,N,N‐trimethylammonium)hexyl)fluorene‐co‐alt‐2,5‐bis(6′‐(N,N,N‐trimethylammonium)hexyloxyphenylene) tetrabromide], was synthesized. Fluorescence resonant energy transfer (FRET) experiments between the polymer and fluorescein‐labeled single‐stranded DNA (ssDNA‐Fl) were conducted in aqueous buffer and THF/buffer mixtures. Weak fluorescence emission in aqueous buffer was observed upon excitation of the polymer, whereas addition of THF turned on the fluorescence. Fluorescence self‐quenching of ssDNA‐Fl in the ssDNA‐Fl/polymer complexes as well as electron transfer from the polymer to fluorescein may account for the low fluorescence emission in buffer. The improved sensitization of fluorescence by the polymer observed in THF/buffer could be attributed to the weaker binding between the polymer and ssDNA‐Fl and a decrease in dielectric constant of the solvent mixture, which disfavors electron transfer. THF‐assisted signal sensitization was also observed for the polymer and fluorescein‐labeled double‐stranded DNA (dsDNA‐Fl). These results indicate that the use of cosolvent provides a strategy to improve the detection sensitivity for biosensors based on the optical amplification provided by conjugated polymers.     

基于荧光内滤效应的锂离子荧光化学传感器研究

报道了一种基于荧光内滤效应的荧光增强型锂离子光化学传感器,将荧光试剂、亲脂性pH指示剂和锂离子中性载体结合在增塑的PVC膜中,Li⁺与H⁺在膜相中的竞争萃取效应引起受亲脂性pH指示剂调制的敏感膜荧光值的变化.推导了有关理论关系式,研究了该传感器的响应特性,并对人工合成样品进行测试,结果较为满意.     

1,4-二羟基蒽醌及其Y~(3+)配位聚合物与DNA相互作用研究

利用紫外-可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)、核磁共振(1HNMR)、红外光谱(FTIR)研究了1,4-二羟基蒽醌(DHA)与Y3+的配位作用,结果表明Y3+与DHA能形成物质的量之比为1:1的一维链状配位聚合物Y-DHA.与DHA相比,Y-DHA在可见光区的吸收大幅增强,同时具有良好的水溶性.紫外-可见吸收光谱、荧光光谱及DNA熔链温度实验研究结果表明,Y-DHA与CTDNA可通过静电作用和沟槽结合的方式结合,而DHA与CTDNA的作用方式主要为沟槽结合.循环伏安法表明,Y-DHA的还原电位(-0.324VvsSCE)要高于DHA的还原电位(-0.387VvsSCE).无氧条件下,Y-DHA光损伤DNA的能力要明显高于DHA.     

A Reagentless Electrochemical DNA Sensor Based on a Self-powered DNA Machine

Herein, a reagentless electrochemical DNA sensor based on a self-powered DNA machine for detecting survivin mRNA in cells is developed. The metal-organic framework (MOFs) loaded with DNAzyme cofactors (Mn²⁺) is coated on PTFE rods on the Au surface and assembled with the DNA walker, overcoming the complexity of adding metal ions from the external environment. In addition, the orbital chain is modified by a synthetic bisferrocene signal marker, which further enables signal amplification. Under optimal conditions, the sensor exhibits a range from 1×10⁻¹⁴ mol/L to 1×10⁻⁸ mol/L with a detection limit (S/N=3) of 1.28 fM.     

Bleaching-resistant,Near-continuous Single-molecule Fluorescence and FRET Based on Fluorogenic and Transient DNA Binding

Photobleaching of fluorescent probes limits the observation span of typical single-molecule fluorescence measurements and hinders observation of dynamics at long timescales. Here, we present a general strategy to circumvent photobleaching by replenishing fluorescent probes via transient binding of fluorogenic DNAs to complementary DNA strands attached to a target molecule. Our strategy allows observation of near-continuous single-molecule fluorescence for more than an hour, a timescale two orders of magnitude longer than the typical photobleaching time of single fluorophores under our conditions. Using two orthogonal sequences, we show that our method is adaptable to Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) and that can be used to study the conformational dynamics of dynamic structures, such as DNA Holliday junctions, for extended periods. By adjusting the temporal resolution and observation span, our approach enables capturing the conformational dynamics of proteins and nucleic acids over a wide range of timescales.