毛细管电泳法高效筛选8-氧代鸟嘌呤DNA糖基化酶的核酸适配体

8-氧代鸟嘌呤DNA糖基化酶(OGG1)是人体中重要的功能蛋白,在修复DNA氧化性损伤过程中起关键作用。氧化应激等引起的氧化损伤易导致炎症反应的发生,对OGG1的抑制可以一定程度上起到缓解作用;对癌细胞OGG1的抑制有望作为癌症治疗的新方法。目前的研究多集中于小分子对OGG1功能的影响和调控,而OGG1的适配体筛选尚未见报道。作为功能配体,适配体具有合成简单、高亲和力及高特异性等优点。该文筛选了OGG1的核酸适配体,结合毛细管电泳高效快速的优点建立了两种基于毛细管电泳-指数富集进化(CE-SELEX)技术的筛选方法:同步竞争法和多轮筛选法。同步竞争法利用单链结合蛋白(SSB)与核酸库中单链核酸的强结合能力,与目标蛋白OGG1组成竞争体系,并通过增加SSB浓度来增加竞争筛选压力,以去除与OGG1弱结合的核酸序列,一步筛选即可获得与OGG1强结合的核酸序列。多轮筛选法在相同孵育条件和电泳条件下,经3轮筛选获得OGG1的核酸适配体。比较两种筛选方法的筛选结果,筛选结果中频次最高的3条候选核酸适配体序列一致,其解离常数(K_D)值在1.71~2.64 μmol/L之间。分子对接分析结果表明候选适配体1(Apt 1)可能与OGG1中具有修复氧化性损伤功能的活性口袋结合。通过对两种筛选方法的对比,证明同步竞争法更加快速高效,对其他蛋白核酸适配体筛选方法的选择具有一定的指导意义。得到的适配体有望用于OGG1功能调控,以抑制其修复功能。     

基于PET过程的分子开关型荧光传感器研究进展

基于PET过程的分子开关型荧光传感器研究进展;光诱导电子转移;给体;受体;分子开关;光物理技术     

识别过渡金属离子的1,8-萘二甲酰亚胺多胺衍生物荧光传感器的研究

A series of fluorescent chemosensors 1-3 were synthesized to detect transition metal ions. At the room temperature, fluorescence intensities of these chemosensors in acetonitrile without transition metal ions were found to be very weak, due to the process of the e±cient intramolecular photoinduced electron transfer (PET). However, after addition of the transition metal ions, the chemosensor 1-3 exhibits obvious fluorescence enhancement. Moreover, the intensity of the fluorescence emission of chemosensors increases significantly in the presence of Zn2+ and Cd2+. The fluorescent chemosensors with different polyamine as receptors show diverse a±nity abilities to the transition metal ions and signal the receptor-metal ion interaction by the intensity change of fluorescence emission.     

异喹啉类生物碱与鸟嘌呤-鸟嘌呤-腺嘌呤型三链DNA相互作用的质谱与光谱学研究

采用质谱法、紫外可见光谱（UV-vis）法、荧光光谱法和圆二色（CD）光谱法考察了黄连碱、药根碱、表小檗碱、小檗红碱、非洲防己碱、防己诺林碱和粉防己碱7种异喹啉类生物碱与鸟嘌呤-鸟嘌呤-腺嘌呤（Guanine-guanine-adenine, GGA）型三链DNA的相互作用。利用直接进样电喷雾质谱法（ESI-MS）考察了7种碱土金属离子对GGA型三链DNA形成的稳定性影响,发现Ni²⁺与GGA型三链DNA的结合力最强。7种生物碱均能和GGA型三链DNA发生非共价相互作用,粉防己碱的结合强度最强。紫外光谱中的减色和增色影响、荧光光谱中的荧光猝灭和CD谱中的强构象变化提示异喹啉类生物碱与GGA型三链DNA的相互作用存在多种机制,本研究表明至少存在静电结合和插入结合作用,而紫外热变性实验表明小檗红碱和非洲防己碱可以稳定GGA型三链DNA。进一步利用荧光光谱法研究了相互作用模式,发现表小檗碱、防己诺林碱和粉防己碱与GGA三链DNA以插入结合模式相互作用。最终,在CD光谱研究中发现了负的光谱信号。本研究为异喹啉类生物碱与GGA型三链DNA的相互作用研究提供了新的见解。     

水溶液中对Cr~(3+)高选择性荧光化学传感器的研究

设计了一种新型的Cr3+荧光化学传感器.通过荧光光谱滴定实验研究了其对Li+,Na+,K+,Zn2+,Co2+,Ni 2+,Cu2+,Fe2+,Mn2+,Al 3+,Fe3+和Cr3+等不同金属离子的选择性识别能力,结果表明,该传感器在生理pH=7.4的HEPES中对Cr3+表现出较高的选择性,并与Cr3+形成1∶1配合物,主客体相互作用荧光猝灭的络合常数为(7.80±0.34)×103.     

二卤代荧光素衍生物的荧光性能调控

用紫外可见吸收光谱、稳态/瞬态荧光光谱和单线态氧捕捉等方法分别测量了荧光素钠及4,5位-二卤代荧光素钠(FLX2,X=H,Cl,Br,I)的电子吸收光谱、荧光光谱、荧光量子效率(Φf)、荧光寿命(τf)和单线态氧量子产率(ΦΔ),并与荧光素钠的相应性质进行了比较。对应于X=H,Cl,Br,I,FLX2的Φf值分别为0.92、0.96、0.69、0.16;τf值分别为4.16、4.72、3.50、0.80 ns;ΦΔ值分别为0.003 4、0.049、0.30、0.68。随着氯、溴、碘原子量增大,相应的Φf和τf值并非顺序减小,ΦΔ值逐渐增大,只用重原子效应不能解释二卤代荧光素的荧光和光敏性质变化,而结合分子内光诱导电子转移就能较好的解释实验结果。     

二卤代荧光素衍生物的荧光性能调控

用紫外可见吸收光谱、稳态/瞬态荧光光谱和单线态氧捕捉等方法分别测量了荧光素钠及4,5位-二卤代荧光素钠（FLX₂,X=H,Cl,Br,I）的电子吸收光谱、荧光光谱、荧光量子效率（Φ_f）、荧光寿命（τ_f）和单线态氧量子产率（Φ_Δ）,并与荧光素钠的相应性质进行了比较。对应于X=H,Cl,Br,I,FLX₂的Φ_f值分别为0.92、0.96、0.69、0.16;τ_f值分别为4.16、4.72、3.50、0.80ns;Φ_Δ值分别为0.0034、0.049、0.30、0.68。随着氯、溴、碘原子量增大,相应的Φ_f和τ_f值并非顺序减小,Φ_Δ值逐渐增大,只用重原子效应不能解释二卤代荧光素的荧光和光敏性质变化,而结合分子内光诱导电子转移就能较好的解释实验结果。     

理论研究8-氮杂鸟嘌呤自由基阳离子脱质子反应

由于8-氮杂鸟嘌呤（8-AG）的氧化还原电势比鸟嘌呤（G）更低,所以单电子氧化嵌有8-AG的DNA后,空穴最终会被8-AG捕获形成8-氮杂鸟嘌呤自由基阳离子(8-AG^·+).因为酸性的急剧增强,8-AG^·+一般会发生脱质子反应.在本工作中,在M06-2X/6-31+G（d）理论水平,使用显性水分子和连续溶剂化模型模拟8-AG^·+的溶剂化效应,对其脱亚氨基质子(N（1）—H)反应进行了研究.发现位于8-AG^·+中N（1）—H、O（6）、N（2）—H附近以及在O（6）水分子附近稍微远离8-AG·+的4个水分子会对8-AG·+脱质子反应产生重要影响,质子从8-AG^·+传递到溶液中具有方向性;最后,通过进一步在N（2）—H、N（3）、O（6）、N（7）和N（8）等位点附近添加水分子（9H₂O）得到了更加精确的8-AG·+脱质子反应能垒（19.5kJ/mol）.     

8-羟基鸟嘌呤自由基的开环反应机理

使用经实验校准的B3LYP/DZP++方法研究了8-羟基鸟嘌呤自由基的开环反应机理. 计算结果表明, 该反应先后历经C8—N9键的断裂、羟基H原子向N7原子转移两个步骤完成, 转移中的H原子具有阳离子的特征. 当没有水存在时, 羟基H原子的转移反应需经历一个四元环的过渡态, 具有较高的活化能, 反应较困难. 但如果有水分子存在, 羟基H原子的转移步骤将经历一个低活化能的六元环过渡态, 使整个8-羟基鸟嘌呤自由基的开环反应可以在较温和的条件下顺利完成. 在无水催化时, 羟基H转移是反应的速率控制步骤; 而有水催化时, 反应的速率由C8—N9键的断裂步骤控制.     

基于荧光内滤效应的锂离子荧光化学传感器研究

报道了一种基于荧光内滤效应的荧光增强型锂离子光化学传感器,将荧光试剂、亲脂性pH指示剂和锂离子中性载体结合在增塑的PVC膜中,Li⁺与H⁺在膜相中的竞争萃取效应引起受亲脂性pH指示剂调制的敏感膜荧光值的变化.推导了有关理论关系式,研究了该传感器的响应特性,并对人工合成样品进行测试,结果较为满意.     

1,4-二羟基蒽醌及其Y3+配位聚合物与DNA相互作用研究

利用紫外-可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)、核磁共振(1HNMR)、红外光谱(FTIR)研究了1,4-二羟基蒽醌(DHA)与Y3+的配位作用,结果表明Y3+与DHA能形成物质的量之比为1:1的一维链状配位聚合物Y-DHA.与DHA相比,Y-DHA在可见光区的吸收大幅增强,同时具有良好的水溶性.紫外-可见吸收光谱、荧光光谱及DNA熔链温度实验研究结果表明,Y-DHA与CTDNA可通过静电作用和沟槽结合的方式结合,而DHA与CTDNA的作用方式主要为沟槽结合.循环伏安法表明,Y-DHA的还原电位(-0.324VvsSCE)要高于DHA的还原电位(-0.387VvsSCE).无氧条件下,Y-DHA光损伤DNA的能力要明显高于DHA.     

过渡金属离子识别的1，8-萘二甲酰亚氨衍生物作为荧光传感器的研究

Two fluorosensor systems have been designed and synthesized with their photophysical properties and fluorescence responses toward the transition metal ions studied. The fluorosensor was composed of 1,8-naphthalimide and 4-chloro-1,8-naphthalimide as fluorophore respectively, an amino moiety as the receptor and a hydrocarbon chain as the spacer to link the fluorophore and receptor. Fluorescence intensity of these systems is very weak due to the process of the efficient intramolecular photoinduced electron transfer （PET） in the absence of metal ions. Titration of the transition metal ions can switch on the fluorescence immediately. The intensity of released fluorescence is even higher than the expected from the consideration of the PET in these systems. It may be rationalized that the receptor bound to transition metal ions and the solvation of the fluorophore by the water molecules from the hydrated transition metal salts, may significantly cause fluorescence enhancement.     

PHOTO-INDUCED INTERMOLECULAR AND INTRAMOLECULAR ELECTRON-TRANSFER REACTIONS BETWEEN XANTHENE DYES AND DONORS/ACCEPTORS

A number of electron donors, acceptors and diads containing xanthene dyes were sythesized. When the dyes were excited, the rate constants and the efficiencies of the intermolecular and intramolecular photo-induced electron transfer reactions were determined and calculated. It is found that the photo-induced electron transfer reactions occurred between xanthene dyes and many, including very weak donors or acceptors. The rate constants of intermolecular reactions were controlled by diffusion, and influenced by the reactant concentrations. The laser flash experiments showed that for low reactant concentrations, this kind of reactions took place mainly via the triplet excited state of the dyes. If different electric charges exist with dyes and donors/acceptors, there will be static quenching of the dyes' fluorescence. The intramolecular electron transfer reactions are independent of the solution concentrations, and they may directly proceed via the singlet excited state of the dyes effectively.     

Photophysical characteristics and density functional theory calculations of indole 2-carboxylic acid in the presence of mercurous ions

Many photo-physical studies have been reported for the detection of Hg²⁺ ions. Here we present the effect of Hg ₂ ²⁺ ions on the absorption and fluorescence of indole-2-carboxylic acid (I2C). Experimental evidence, supported by density functional theory B3LYP/LANL2DZ/PCM, for the formation of a I2C-Hg ₂ ²⁺ complex, is reported for the first time. It was observed that I2C forms a ground-state complex with Hg ₂ ²⁺ ions in a ratio of 3:1. The possibility of I2C to be used as a selective novel chemical sensor for the spectrophotometric detection of mercurous ions is described.     

Naphthalimide as Highly Selective Fluorescent Sensor for Ag^＋ Ions

The naphthalimide derivative. NA1 was synthesized, which consists of a bis（2-（ethylthio）ethyl）amine group binding cations and naphthalimide unit as chromogenic and fluorogenic signaling subunit. Absorption and emission spectra and the effect of polarity of solvents and pH values were studied. The photo-induced electron transfer （PET） occurred from the donor of bis（2-（ethylthio）ethyl）amine group to the naphthalimide fluorophore. The present study demonstrates that NA1 is a viable candidate as a fluorescent receptor for a new Ag^＋ ion sensor. This silver ion chemosensor can discriminate Ag^＋ ion well among heavy metal ions by an enhancement of the fluorescence intensity in ethanol-water （1 ： 9, V ： V）. And NA1 is also a pH-sensor because the fluorescence of the compound varies with the pH values.