Comparative analysis of essential oil composition from flower and leaf of Magnolia kwangsiensis Figlar & Noot.

The essential oils from Magnolia kwangsiensis Figlar & Noot. were obtained using hydrodistillation, and analysed by GC and GC–MS. A total of 31, 27 and 26 constituents were identified in the oils from male flower, female flower and leaf of M. kwangsiensis, and they comprised 99.2, 98.5 and 96.2% of the oils, respectively. Monoterpene hydrocarbons predominated in the oils and accounted for 48.3% of male flower oil, 54.0% of female flower oil and 44.6% of leaf oil. The compositions of flower oils were quite similar but with different content, and were different from those of leaf oil.     

Investigation of the composition and stability of the essential oils of origanum vulgare ssp.vulgare L. andO. vulgare ssp.hirtum (Link) letswaart

Summary The essential oils ofOriganum vulgare L. ssp.hirtum (Link) letswaart andOriganum vulgare L ssp.vulgare (Fam. Lamiaceae), cultivated in Hungary, have been studied by GC and GC-MS and the qualitative and quantitative chemical composition of the essential oils in the two species have been compared.O. vulgare ssp.hirtum oil was found to contain carvacrol (76.4%), γ-terpinene (6.6%), thymol (0.23%), andp-cymene (4.7%) as the main constituents whereas the major compounds inO. vulgare ssp.vulgare oil werep-cymene (22.3%), caryophyllene oxide (10.2%), sabinene (7.9%), γ-terpinene (5.1%), thymol (0.34%), and spathulenol (4.8%). The stability of content and composition of the oils during the flowering period (economically beneficial period) were observed. The effect of long-term storage on the composition of the oil was also investigated for both the crude and distilled oil ofOriganum vulgare ssp.vulgare. Presented at Balaton Symposium '01 on High-Performance Separation Methods, Siófok, Hungary, September 2–4, 2001     

Effect of bioclimatic area on the composition and bioactivity of Tunisian Rosmarinus officinalis essential oils

The chemical composition of eight Tunisian Rosmarinus officinalis L. populations (A–H) from different bioclimatic areas has been examined by gas chromatography (GC) and GC-mass spectrometry. The essential oils are characterised by high amounts of oxygenated monoterpenes (58.2–71.7%) followed by monoterpene hydrocabons (15.1–26.7%). 1,8-Cineole, camphor, α-pinene and borneol are the main representative components. The antioxidant activity was investigated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), ferric reducing ability power assay and β-carotene bleaching test. Samples showed antiradical activity by inhibiting DPPH radical with IC₅₀ values ranging from 375.3 to 592.8 μg mL^? 1 for samples F and A, respectively. Sample A also showed the most promising activity in β-carotene bleaching test (IC₅₀ of 31.9 μg mL^? 1). The essential oils were also screened for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitory activity. Sample G showed the highest activity against AChE (IC₅₀ of 64.7 μg mL^? 1) while sample D (IC₅₀ of 29.5 μg mL^? 1) exhibited the most potent activity against BChE.     

Component composition of essential oils from four species of the genus Achillea growing in Kazakhstan

The component composition of the four species Achillea filipendulina, A. sudetica, A. ledebourii, and A. cartilaginea was studied by GC-MS. It was found that the principal components of the essential oil (%) were santolina alcohol (29.1) and borneol (27.9) for A. filipendulina, linalool (11.8) and caryophyllene (8.9) for A. sudetica, germacrene D (20.55) for A. ledebourii, and α-thujone (26.15) and β-thujone (11.76) for A. cartilaginea. The chemical composition of the essential oils from A. sudetica, A. ledebourii, and A. cartilaginea was studied for the first time. __________ Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 243–245, May–June, 2006.     

Constituents of the essential oil of Scabiosa flavida from Iran

The composition of the essential oil of the aerial parts of Scabiosa flavida was investigated by GC and GC-MS. Forty-three components representing 94.2% of the essential oil were characterized. The main components of the oil were tricosane (15.5%), rosifoliol (15.3%), (E)-caryophyllene (10.7%), and α-humulene (7.9%). Published in Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 426–427, September–October, 2006.     

Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils of Onychopetalum amazonicum R.E.Fr.

The essential oils from leaves, twigs and trunk bark of Onychopetalum amazonicum R.E. Fr. (Annonaceae), obtained by hydrodistillation, were analysed by GC and GC–MS, and also were evaluated for in vitro antimicrobial activity. Forty-one compounds, which correspond to 75.0–92.2% of the oil components, were identified. Major compounds were sesquiterpenes, including (E)-caryophyllene, caryophyllene oxide, spathulenol, α-gurjunene, allo-aromadendrene and α-epi-cadinol. The oils were evaluated for antimicrobial activities against four bacteria strains and five pathogenic fungi. The oil of the trunk bark exhibited good activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228, Escherichia coli ATCC 10538 and Kocuria rhizophila ATCC 9341, with a minimal inhibitory concentration of 62.5 μg/mL. The essential oil composition and the antimicrobial evaluation are reported for the first time for the genus Onychopetalum.     

Chemical composition and insecticidal activity of the essential oil from Helichrysum faradifani endemic to Madagascar

Helichrysum faradifani (Asteraceae) is a perennial shrub growing in rocky and sandy places of Madagascar. The plant is used in the Malagasy traditional medicine as a wound-healing agent, disinfectant and for the treatment of syphilis, diarrhea, cough and headache. In the present work, we analysed the chemical composition of the essential oil distilled from the aerial parts of H. faradifani by GC-MS and evaluated its insecticidal activity against 2nd, 3rd and 4th instar larvae of the lymphatic filariasis vector Culex quinquefasciatus by acute toxicity assays. The most sensitive were 2nd instar (LC₅₀ = 85.7 μL L^?1) larvae. For the 3rd and 4th instar larvae, the estimated LC₅₀ were 156.8 and 134.1 μL L^?1, respectively. Monoterpene hydrocarbons (51.6%) were the major fraction of the essential oil, with the bicyclic α-fenchene (35.6%) as the predominant component. Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (34.0%) were the second major group characterising the oil, with γ-curcumene (17.7%) as the most abundant component.     

Chemical composition and antimicrobial evaluation of the essential oils of Bocageopsis pleiosperma Maas

Essential oils from the leaves, twigs and barks of Bocageopsis pleiosperma Maas were obtained by using hydrodistillation and analysed by using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Several compounds (51) were detected and identified, being β-bisabolene the main component in all aerial parts of the plant, with higher concentration in the leaves (55.77%), followed by barks (38.53%) and twigs (34.37%). In order to increase the biological knowledge about the essential oil of Bocageopsis species, antimicrobial activities were evaluated against the microorganisms Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterobacter aerogenes, Candida tropicalis, Candida dubliniensis, Candida glabrata and Candida albicans. The essential oil obtained from the barks exhibited a moderate effect against S. epidermidis ATCC 1228 (MIC = 250 μg/mL), while the other oils did not exhibit antimicrobial activity. These results represent the first report about the chemical composition of B. pleiosperma and the first antimicrobial evaluation with a Bocageopsis species.     

Chemical composition of the essential oil of Kaliphora madagascariensis Hook. f.

Kaliphora madagascariensis is an evergreen shrub or small tree endemic to Madagascar where it is traditionally used for the treatment of persistent cephalalgia by a strong inhalation of its odour. In this work, we analysed for the first time the essential oil obtained from leaves by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. The chemical composition was dominated by oxygenated sesquiterpenes (68.1%), with caryophyllene oxide (14.7%) and β-eudesmol (10.7%) as the most abundant constituents. These compounds are endowed with documented healthy effects such as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, neuritogenic, antiepileptic and hypotensive, and its abundance might explain the traditional use of the plant in Madagascar.     

Capillary columns in series for the gas chromatographic analysis of essential oils

Summary By connecting capillary columns of different polarity in series and by changing the temperature program gradient, a system of variable polarity is obtained. The working conditions can be adjusted to optimize separations of complex mixtures. Application to the analysis of essential oils of: lavender, thyme, lemon petit grain, bergamot, and tangerine, are reported.Dedicated to Prof. Dr. A. Liberti on the occasion of his 70th birthday.     

Composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil from the branches of Jacaranda cuspidifolia Mart. growing in Sichuan,China

This study represents the first report on the chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil from the branches of Jacaranda cuspidifolia Mart. Thirty-three compounds were identified by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and the major constituents of the essential oil were Palmitic acid (31.36%), (Z) ? 9,17-Octadecadienal (12.06%), Ethyl palmitate (3.81%), Perhydrofarnesyl acetone (2.07%), γ-Maaliene (1.88%), and Cedro (1.42%) and 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid ethyl ester (1.42%). The in vitro antimicrobial activities of the essential oil were evaluated by the disc diffusion method, and the inhibition zones against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans were 7.10, 8.20 and 7.25 mm, respectively. The oil showed moderate activities against E. coli, S. aureus and C. albicans with minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) values of 17.3 mg/mL, 12.9 mg/mL and 16.0 mg/mL, respectively.     

Quantitative analysis of essential oils in perfume using multivariate curve resolution combined with comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography

The use of multivariate curve resolution (MCR) to build multivariate quantitative models using data obtained from comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC × GC-FID) is presented and evaluated. The MCR algorithm presents some important features, such as second order advantage and the recovery of the instrumental response for each pure component after optimization by an alternating least squares (ALS) procedure. A model to quantify the essential oil of rosemary was built using a calibration set containing only known concentrations of the essential oil and cereal alcohol as solvent. A calibration curve correlating the concentration of the essential oil of rosemary and the instrumental response obtained from the MCR-ALS algorithm was obtained, and this calibration model was applied to predict the concentration of the oil in complex samples (mixtures of the essential oil, pineapple essence and commercial perfume). The values of the root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) and of the root mean square error of the percentage deviation (RMSPD) obtained were 0.4% (v/v) and 7.2%, respectively. Additionally, a second model was built and used to evaluate the accuracy of the method. A model to quantify the essential oil of lemon grass was built and its concentration was predicted in the validation set and real perfume samples. The RMSEP and RMSPD obtained were 0.5% (v/v) and 6.9%, respectively, and the concentration of the essential oil of lemon grass in perfume agreed to the value informed by the manufacturer. The result indicates that the MCR algorithm is adequate to resolve the target chromatogram from the complex sample and to build multivariate models of GC × GC-FID data.     

Chemical composition,antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the essential oils of three Uzbek Lamiaceae species

The chemical composition of the essential oil from the aerial parts of three Lamiaceae species from Uzbekistan was investigated by GC-MS analysis. β-Linalool (26.6%), α-terpineol (10.0%), coumarin (8.9%) and 4,5,7,7α-tetrahydro-4,4,7α-trimethyl-2(6H)-benzofuranone (5.4%) resulted as the main components of Ajuga turkestanica essential oil, while camphene (17.1%), 1,8-cineole (15.9%), β-cymene (7.9%) and limonene (7.4%) in Phlomis regelii. The essential oil of Thymus seravschanicus was dominated by thymol (37.5%), phellandral (26.0%), τ-terpinene (6.6%) and β-cymene (5.2%). The essential oils had considerable antimicrobial activity against different bacterial strains and fungi. Among the tested samples of essential oils, P. regelii essential oil has the significant antioxidant activity with IC₅₀ value of 117.8 ± 8.02 μg/mL.     

Bioactivity and chemical composition of the essential oil from the leaves of Guatteria australis A.St.-Hil

Essential oil from the leaves of Guatteria australis was obtained by hydrodistillation, analyzed by Gas Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectromery (GC–MS) and their antiproliferative, antileishmanial, antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant activities were also evaluated. Twenty-three compounds were identified among which germacrene B (50.66%), germacrene D (22.22%) and (E)-caryophyllene (8.99%) were the main compounds. The highest antiproliferative activity was observed against NCI-ADR/RES (TGI = 31.08 μg/ml) and HT-29 (TGI = 32.81 μg/ml) cell lines. It also showed good antileishmanial activity against Leishmania infantum (IC₅₀ = 30.71 μg/ml). On the other hand, the oil exhibited a small effect against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, S. aureus ATCC 14458 and Escherichia coli ATCC 10799 (MIC = 250 μg/ml), as well as small antioxidant activity (457 μmol TE/g) assessed through ORAC_FL assay. These results represent the first report regarding chemical composition and bioactivity of G. australis essential oil.     

Chemical composition,antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer activities of the essential oil from the rhizomes of Zingiber striolatum Diels

Abstract

The chemical composition and biological activities of the essential oil (EO) from the rhizomes of Zingiber striolatum Diels were reported for the first time. Forty-five compounds were identified, and represented 95.7% of the total composition of the EO. The predominant components of the EO were β-phellandrene (24.0%), sabinene (17.3%), β-pinene (11.4%), geranyl linalool (8.6%), terpinen-4-ol (8.3%), α-pinene (5.6%) and crypton (4.5%). The EO revealed a weak DPPH and ABTS radical-scavenging activity. The EO exhibited significant antimicrobial activity with the inhibition zones (12.86–24.62?mm) and MIC (0.78–3.12?mg/mL) against Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans. The EO showed significant cytotoxicity against human leukemic (K562), lung cancer (A549) and prostatic carcinoma (PC-3) cell lines with the IC₅₀ values of 29.67, 48.87 and 86.05?μg/mL, respectively. Thus, the EO could be regarded as a bioactive natural product with potential for utilization in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industry.     

孜然精油的提取及其清除DPPH自由基能力研究

在光、热以及氧气存在下,物质化学键断裂,生成高反应活性的自由基或者过氧化物,导致食品变质,商品变性,质量下降。为了保证食品质量与安全,保证产品不变质,添加抗氧化剂是常用的方法。随着人们环保意识的提高,越来越倾向于用天然抗氧化剂取代合成抗氧化剂。当使用天然抗氧化剂,     

Main constituents of the essential oil of Warionia saharae Benth and Coss

Summary Warionia saharae, a compositae from the South of Morocco contains an essential oil. This has been extracted and the three main components have been chromatographically purified by TLC and GLC and identified as eudesmol, linaloöl and nerolidol.     

Phytochemical analysis of Saponaria officinalis L. shoots and flowers essential oils

Phytochemical analysis by GC and GC/MS of the essential oil samples obtained from fresh shoots and flowers of Saponaria officinalis L. allowed the identification of 96 components in total, comprising 94.7% and 86.0% of the total oils compositions, respectively. Regarding the shoots essential oil, the major of 87 identified volatile compounds were phytol (14.1%), tricosane-6,8-dione (13.4%), patchouli alcohol (7.9%) and tricosane (7.2%), whereas patchouli alcohol (20.0%), heneicosane (11.5%) and tricosane (8.4%) were dominant among the 66 volatiles in the flower oil. Nonterpenoid compounds had the highest contribution in S. officinalis shoots essential oil (53.7%), while in the flower oil, constituents were almost evenly distributed between the oxygenated sesquiterpenoid (41.2%) and nonterpenoid compounds (39.5%).     

Chemical composition and biological activities of essential oils of two new chemotypes of Glebionis Cass.

This paper includes the result of the first study of the chemical composition, antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and antidiabetic activities of the essential oils of Glebionis coronaria (L.) Cass. ex Spach and Glebionis segetum (L.) Fourr. from Turkey. In the current study, nine and twenty-eight constituents were determined in the essential oils of aerial parts of G. coronaria (GCE) (92.1%) and G. segetum (GSE) (90.0%), respectively. The main components were capillin (65.9%) in GCE, capillene (53.4%) in GSE. The essential oil compositions were evaluated and compared with previous researches. In the current study, the plants are classified as chemotypes of Glebionis species. GCE and GSE showed poor and very poor DPPH radical scavenging activity, respectively. GCE and GSE exhibited significant and strong antiinflammatory activity against the 5-lipoxygenase enzyme, respectively. Also, GCE and GSE displayed moderate and weak antidiabetic activity against the α-glucosidase enzyme, respectively. Polyacetylenes were determined as the main class of compounds in GCE and GSE and had a notable antiinflammatory activity.