Detection of phytoconstituents present in Azadirachta indica L. seeds extract by GC-MS analysis

Azadirachta indica L., commonly known as "Neem," belongs to the Meliaceae family. Traditionally, "Neem" has been used to cure diabetes, leprosy, and respiratory disorders. Azadirachta indica L. seed n-hexane extract was tested using GC-MS to determine the Phyto-components present. The analysis of A. indica L. seeds revealed the existence of Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester (0.32%), n-Hexadecanoic acid (23.77%), 9-Octadecenoic acid (Z)- (0.07%), Methyl stearate (0.21%), Agaricic acid (0.06%), (E)-9-Octadecenoic acid ethyl ester (0.10%), 9-Octadecenoic acid (Z)-, methyl ester (0.48%), 6-Octadecenoic acid, (Z)- (64.25%), 9-Octadecenamide (0.06%), Oleic Acid (0.16%), Heneicosane (0.04%), Tetratetracontane (0.16%), Pentacosane (0.09%), Squalene (1.17%), Tetracontane (0.36%), γ-Tocopherol (0.16%), 2-[2-(6,6-Dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-en-2-yl) ethyl]-6,6-dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene (0.44%), γ-Sitosterol (0.25%), Kryptogenin dioxime (1.53%.), 9-Hexadecenoic acid, 9-octadecenyl ester, (Z,Z)- (1.34%.), and Lupa-13(18),20(30)-dien-3-yl acetate (0.17%). The findings of this study provide a foundation for employing A. indica L. seeds as a herbal option for a variety of ailments. GC-MS analysis was used to determine the quality of these substances. In the pharmaceutical industry, GC-MS reports will be useful for identifying a wide range of phyto-bioconstituents in various plant extracts, polyherbal extracts, and the standardization of specific plant materials.     

Chemical profiling of Aristolochia tagala Cham. leaf extracts by GC-MS analysis and evaluation of its antibacterial activity

Aristolochia tagala Cham. (Aristolochiaceae) is an underexplored medicinal plant traditionally used to treat snakebites, stomachaches, and poisonous bites. In this study, chemical profiling of the petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, methanol, and hydro-alcoholic extracts of the plant was investigated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The antibacterial activity of the plant was tested against ten bacterial strains using the agar disc diffusion and microdilution method. In total, forty two compounds were identified from the extracts with neophytadiene, palmitic acid, phytol, trans-δ9-octadecenoic acid, phytyl palmitate, phytyl tetradecanoate, ergost-5-en-3-ol, (3beta,24r)-,z,z-8,10-hexadecadien-1-ol, stigmasterol, and tetrapentacontane as major phytoconstituents. The hydro-alcoholic extract possessed maximum total phenolics (52.58 ± 06 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (48.66 ± 91 QRE/g), total flavanols (67.20 ± 64 QRE/g) and vitamin E content (31.26 ± 0.05 mg ATE/g). For antibacterial activity, hydro-alcoholic extract of Aristolochia tagala effectively controlled the growth of bacterial strains such as Proteus valgaris (26.3 mm) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (19.33 mm) and the same extract showed notable minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against the growth of bacteria like Escherichia coli (10.93 μg/ml) and Enterobacter aerogenes (43.7 μg/ml). It was determined that, hydro-alcoholic and methanolic extracts Aristolochia tagala leaf found to have a number of bioactive compounds with significant antibacterial activity against the pathogenic bacteria. Further investigations are necessary to isolate and characterize bioactives and to evaluate its therapeutic potential.     

顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用技术鉴别潲水油

采用顶空固相微萃取与气质联用法分析了潲水油样品中的挥发性成分,比较了不同萃取头和不同色谱柱对潲水油中挥发性成分的萃取分离效果。结果表明,65μmPDMS/DVB萃取头和DM-5MS色谱柱能萃取出较多潲水油中所特有的香辛料成分,萃取效果较好。通过大量潲水油和正常食用植物油做对比,找出了潲水油和正常食用植物油的差别成分:茴香脑、丁香酚及二氢大茴香脑。     

GC-MS and LC-MS Identification of the Phenolic Compounds Present in the ethyl Acetate Fraction Obtained from Senna tora,L. Roxb. seeds

The aim of this work is to characterize the active constituents present in the ethyl acetate fraction of Senna tora, L. Roxb. seeds. Due to the fact that the main biological activity of S. tora, L seeds is attributed to its phenolic compounds which are mainly isolated from Ethyl acetate fraction, to avoid repetition of work and to save time, it was deemed necessary to confirm the identity of these phenolic compounds. This was done by GC-MS and LC-MS analysis of the ethyl acetate fraction where the structures of the isolated compounds were established on the basis of molecular ion peak and their fragmentation pattern. They were identified as Chrysophanol, Chrysarobin, 10-hydroxy-5-methoxy-2-methyl-1, 4-anthracenedione, Rubrofusarin, Parietin, Griseoxanthone-B, Isotorachrysone, and Cumbiasin B.

     

GC - MS法对不同产地大米的快速鉴定

采用GC - MS对4种不同产地大米中的脂溶性成分进行分析,并利用NIST标准质谱库和质谱图搜索程序进行检索.结果表明,大米中主要的脂溶性成分为棕榈酸、亚油酸、油酸、角鲨烯和谷甾醇.不同产地大米中脂溶性化合物的指纹谱图存在显著差异,通过主成分分析和聚类分析,建立了一种对不同产地大米进行快速鉴定的方法.     

野生番茄抗虫品种抗虫组分的GC-MS分析

番茄(lycopersiconesculentum)作为我国主要蔬菜,每年因其病虫害的发生,产量受到一定的制约。同时,化学农药的施用产生一系列问题如提高成本、污染环境、诱导害虫产生抗药性、危害消费者健康等。充分利用番茄属内丰富的野生抗虫、抗病资源,研究其中抗病虫害的化学活性物质,从而研究其机理,为培育抗虫抗病新品种具有非常重大意义。植物中的化学物质,特别是植物次生性代谢物质,在植物自身防御机制中起到相当重要的作用。有效利用植物中的化学物质防治害虫,探索新型生物合理性农药提供线索,与普通番茄相比,野生番茄[L.hirsutum]是番茄属中著名的抗虫野生种,对多种病害具有很强的抗性。美国学者自20世纪80年代就开始研究番茄的抗虫资源,发现L.hirsutum的腺毛分泌物中含有多种天然抗虫物质,对白粉虱、红蜘蛛和蚜虫等有驱避抗性,在田间表现出显著的抗蚜虫、斑潜蝇的特性,本实验通过对引种的抗虫番茄[L.hirsutum]叶片提取物的气相色谱质谱分析,鉴定出25种次级代谢产物及它们的百分含量。     

Detailed hydrocarbon analysis of gasoline by GC-MS (SI-PIONA)

A gas chromatographic – mass spectrometric (GC-MS) method has been developed for detailed analysis of the hydrocarbon content of gasoline. The method is equipped with special software and includes the analysis of oxygenated compounds in a single run. The technique utilizes three basic components: the separating power of high resolution capillary gas chromatography, a mass spectrometer with a controllable ion source and ion fragmentation ratios, and unique software for data handling and preparation of reports. The C₄ to C₁₂ range of hydrocarbons in gasoline is covered by the method. A sample of unleaded gasoline from a gas station was analyzed without sample preparation. The results are discussed.     

SPME/GC-MS鉴别沉香真伪方法研究

采用固相微萃取/气相色谱-质谱联用(SPME/GC-MS)对沉香的成分进行研究,建立以特征成分鉴别沉香真伪的方法。通过SPME富集沉香的气味成分,GC-MS测定其化学组成,确定天然沉香的6种特征成分,并通过面积归一化确定特征成分在气味成分中的相对含量;通过沉香样品中气味成分的种类及其相对含量与天然沉香特征成分对比,判断沉香的真伪。SPME/GC-MS法具有样品用量小、操作简便快速、检测灵敏度高、特征性强、结果准确可靠的特点,适用于沉香气味成分的分析及真伪鉴别,且不破坏沉香收藏品的整体结构,已成功用于沉香药材及其工艺品等的真伪鉴别。     

Whole blood analysis for medical diagnostics by GC-MS with Cold EI

This study covers a new method and related instrumentation for whole blood analysis for medical diagnostics. Two-μL whole blood samples were collected using “minimal invasive” diabetes lancet and placed on a thin glass rod mounted on a newly designed BloodProbe. The BloodProbe with the whole blood sample was inserted directly into a ChromatoProbe mounted on the GC inlet, and thus, no sample preparation was involved. The analysis was performed within 10 min using a GC-MS with Cold EI that is based on interfacing GC and MS with supersonic molecular beams (SMB) along with electron ionization of vibrationally cold sample compounds in the SMB (hence the name Cold EI). Our blood analysis revealed several observations: (1) Detailed mass chromatograms were generated with full range of all the nonpolar lipids in blood including fatty acids, cholesterol, cholesteryl esters, vitamin E, monoglycerides, diglycerides, and triglycerides. (2) The analysis of whole blood was found to be as informative as the conventional clinical analysis of blood serum. (3) Cholesteryl esters were more sensitive than free cholesterol alone to the effect of diet of obese people. (4) Major enhancement of several fatty acid methyl esters was found in the blood of a cancer patient with liver dysfunction. (5) Vitamin E as both α- and β-tocopherol was found with person-dependent ratio of these two compounds. (6) Elemental sulfur S₈ was identified in blood. (7) Several drugs and other compounds were found and need further study of their correlation to medical issues.     

栾树种油中脂肪酸组成的气相色谱-质谱分析

用乙醚抽提栾树种油,将样品皂化和甲酯化后,用毛细管质谱－色谱法（ＧＣ－ＭＳ）测定了栾树种油的脂肪酸组成,共鉴定出２１种成分,其不饱和脂肪酸相对含量为８８％,主要成分为二十碳烯酸和亚油酸,安们的相对含量分别为４４．９８％和３９．７５％。     

GC-FTIR and GC-MS in odour analysis of essential oils

The analysis of odour components in East Indian Sandalwood Oil (Santalum album L.) and in Patchouli Oil (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) based on GC-, GC-FTIR- and GC-MS-data resulted in the identification of-santalene,-santalal,-santalal, epi--santalal,-santalol,-santalol, (E)--santalol,-bergamotol and spirosantalol in Sandalwood Oil and of (–)-patchoulol,-guaiene,-patchoulene, seychellene,-bulnesene, norpatchoulenol and pogostol in Patchouli Oil as the most intense aroma compounds of these oils.     

二甲戊乐灵的GC-MS检验

二甲戊乐(penoxalin)系甲苯胺类除草剂,原药为橙黄色固体,熔点56-58℃,在水中溶解度0.3mg/L(20℃),易溶于氯代烃和芳香烃溶剂中。二甲戊乐灵的分子式是C13H19N3O4,相对分子质量为281,分子结构式如右所示。二甲戊乐灵对大白鼠急性口服LD501.25g／kg(工业品),2.93g／kg(乳剂)。     

土壤中挥发性有机化合物的GC-MS测定

利用气相色谱－质谱联用技术，对某废弃化工厂原厂区及附近农田的土壤中可能存在的60种挥发性有机化合物进行了定性和定量分析；采用质量保证和质量控制步骤对分析结果进行监测，结果令人满意。     

气相色谱–质谱联用法测定空气中的丙烯腈

建立测定空气中丙烯腈的气相色谱–质谱联用方法。用活性炭管采集样品,以体积分数为2%的丙酮二硫化碳溶液解吸,利用气相色谱–质谱法以选择离子扫描方式采集数据并进行分析,以色谱峰面积外标法定量。丙烯腈的质量浓度在0~100μg/m L范围内与色谱峰面积线性关系良好,线性相关系数(r~2)为0.999 0。丙烯腈检出限为1.2μg/m L,最低检出质量浓度为0.16 mg/m~3(以采样体积7.5 L计),平均加标回收率为97.0%~99.3%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为3.0%~4.2%(n=6)。该方法定性、定量准确,精密度、灵敏度高,可用于空气中丙烯腈的常规检测。     

扁桃油中脂肪酸组成的GC-MS法分析

以正己烷为提取剂,采用超声法提取油脂,经KOH-甲醇甲酯化处理后,以气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用技术鉴定出陕西蒲城3个品种扁桃油中的脂肪酸主要组成为:油酸、亚油酸、9-十六碳烯酸、硬脂酸、棕榈酸,其中不饱和脂肪酸总量占91.4%以上,主要成分油酸占73.3%以上。     

气相色谱-质谱法和主成分投影分析法用于烟用香精的分析和质量控制

采用同时蒸馏萃取法及气相色谱-质谱法对 AB6 香精中挥发性成分进行了提取分离与测定.定性了 15 种成分,占总成分的 80.5%(截除溶剂峰),其中 4 种主要组分在10个不同批次样品中含量的相对标准偏差分别为 3.9%,6.1%,5.7%和 2.2%,由此构成合格样品库,并采用主成分投影分析法有效地区分了掺有溶剂的 AB6 香精与 AB6 香精的合格样品,随着溶剂量的增加它们之间的距离越远,同时,不同品种的香精样品之间也具有显著的差异.气相色谱-质谱法分析和主成分投影分析法可用于香精的质量控制.     

气相色谱-质谱法分析邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯加氢反应产物

采用气相色谱-质谱法分析邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯的加氢反应产物。邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯加氢反应的多种产物在HP-5MS毛细管柱上分离,用质谱检测。通过对相应质谱图的解析,鉴定出10种主要反应产物,推测了主要产物环己烷1,2-二甲酸二(2-乙基)己酯的质谱断裂机理,并提出了邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯加氢反应的各种副反应。     

茶叶中有机氯农药的质谱确证分析

中国曾大量使用过以DDT和六六六为代表的有机氯农药,近年来,在对茶叶的检测中已很少检测到六六六,但仍经常检出DDT,甚至DDT超标的现象时有出现。本文建立了分析茶叶中DDT的GC-MS-TIC和GC-MS-SIM方法。目前国内实验室仍多采用GC／ECD分析茶叶中的DDT,本文不仅对使用GC／ECD检出的DDT进行了GC-MS确证分析,而且对GC／ECD分析茶叶中DDT的可靠性进行了初步探讨。     

GC-MS and GC-MS-MS analysis of a complex essential oil

Summary The alcoholic portion of avetiver oil (Bourbon), the gas chromatogram of which shows more than 100 components, was analyzed by combined GC-MS with different ionization methods. This enabled us to identify major components. The specificity of the method was improved by using combined gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in the collision-activated-dissociation mode.