Microdetermination of Morphine in Urine

Abstract

A volumetric procedure for the determination of morphine in urine has been developed. The method is convenient, precise and accurate. N-bromosuccinimide has been used as a titrant using bordeaux red as indicator which changes from rose red to yellow at the end point. 1.51 to 9.06 mg morphine is determined from 100 ml of urine and the maximum relative standard deviation is 3% when 1.51 mg morphine is determined.     

人尿中克仑特罗的测定

本文采用直接液－液萃取和ＴＭＳ衍生化方法，利用ＧＣ／ＭＳ选择离子检测技术对人尿中的克仑特罗进行了分析研究，建立了灵敏的分析方法。给出了克仑特罗的回收率、检测限及人尿中的排泄曲线。     

石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定尿中铅

提出了用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定尿中铅的方法.采用酒石酸和磷酸二氢铵的混合溶液作为基体改进剂,尿样加入酒石酸溶液后,原子化温度从1500℃降至1200℃,基体干扰明显减少;加入磷酸二氢铵溶液,吸光度明显增加.方法的检出限(3S/N)为30 Pg,回收率为99.1%～102.6%,相对标准偏差(n=6)小于6%.     

冷原子蒸气发生-原子荧光光谱法测定尿中汞

采用冷原子蒸气发生-原子荧光光谱法测定尿中的汞。尿样加入溴化剂处理后,直接用冷原子蒸气发生-原子荧光光谱法测定汞的含量。汞的质量浓度在0.15~10.0μg·L-1范围内呈线性,检出限(3s)为0.15μg·L-1。方法用于质控样品的分析,测定值与认定值相符,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在2.8%~3.8%之间。应用此方法对实样进行测定,结果与冷原子吸收光谱法的测定结果相符。     

Urine analysis in microfluidic devices

Microfluidics has attracted considerable attention since its early development in the 1980s and has experienced rapid growth in the past three decades due to advantages associated with miniaturization, integration and automation. Urine analysis is a common, fast and inexpensive clinical diagnostic tool in health care. In this article, we will be reviewing recent works starting from 2005 to the present for urine analysis using microfluidic devices or systems and to provide in-depth commentary about these techniques. Moreover, commercial strips that are often treated as chips and their readers for urine analysis will also be briefly discussed. We start with an introduction to the physiological significance of various components or measurement standards in urine analysis, followed by a brief introduction to enabling microfluidic technologies. Then, microfluidic devices or systems for sample pretreatments and for sensing urinary macromolecules, micromolecules, as well as multiplexed analysis are reviewed, in this sequence. Moreover, a microfluidic chip for urinary proteome profiling is also discussed, followed by a section discussing commercial products. Finally, the authors' perspectives on microfluidic-based urine analysis are provided. These advancements in microfluidic techniques for urine analysis may improve current routine clinical practices, particularly for point-of-care (POC) applications.     

Analysis of Pterins in Urine by HILIC

Pterins are a class of compounds excreted in urine. Levels of the pterins are found to be significantly elevated in a variety of diseases. A new method involving hydrophilic interaction chromatography with fluorescence detection has been developed for analysis of neopterin, biopterin, and isoxanthopterin in urine samples. Separation of these pterins on an aminopropyl hydrophilic interaction column was achieved by isocratic elution. The effects of the organic modifier content, ionic strength, and pH of the mobile phase on the hydrophilic behavior of the pterins were studied and the mechanism of their separation was also investigated. Under the optimum chromatographic conditions the linearity (r ≥ 0.9995) and repeatability (relative standard deviation < 4.0%) of the method are good. Compared with reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography, the method is simple and convenient. The method was applied to the analysis of pterins in urine samples with satisfactory results.     

New Metabolites of Aconitine in Rabbit Urine

A sensitive analytical method to identify and determine aconitine and its metabolites in rabbit urine was developed by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS^n). In this method,aconitine and its four metabolites in rabbit urine were isolated and deduced as 16-O-demethylaconine (M1), benzoylaconine (M2),16-O-demethylbenzoylaconine (M3) and aconine(M4).M1 and M3 are new metabolites of aconitine and M2 and M4 are first identified in rabbit urine.     

海洛因致死案例的司法鉴定

海洛因是我国乃至世界上吸食量最大的毒品之一。随着其滥用状况的恶化,我国因吸食过量而死亡的案例时有发生,因此,从法庭科学角度对其进行鉴定的工作越来越受到广泛的重视。文献[1,2]报道了这方面的工作,本文采用水解和衍生化的方法对一例吸毒死亡案件进行了鉴定,证实了其主体因吸食海洛因过量而致死的事实。     

分光光度法测定人尿液中的酪氨酸

研究了硝酸介质酪氨酸与α-显色剂的显色反应体系。显色产物在 52 0nm处有最大吸收 ,表观摩尔吸光系数为 6.1 9× 1 0 3L· mol- 1· cm- 1。酪氨酸含量在 0 .0 2～ 0 .1 6μmol/m L 范围内符合比尔定律 ,该法可用于人尿中酪氨酸的测定。     

大鼠尿液中壬基酚的代谢轮廓

运用代谢组学方法研究了壬基酚对大鼠尿液代谢的影响, 通过高效液相色谱-飞行时间质谱技术建立了大鼠尿样的代谢指纹图谱, 用主成分分析法分析给药组与对照组代谢物指纹图谱的差异, 通过t检验选取潜在的生物标志物及效应标志物, 并结合代谢物数据库检索对其进行鉴定. 结果表明, 壬基酚给药后, 尿液中含量变化显著的成分苯基葡萄糖苷酸、L-高半胱氨酸、3-硝基丙酸、肌酸酐、左旋肉碱及5-羟色胺等构成了大鼠尿液代谢的轮廓, 它们在生物体内的变化可能对生殖系统、免疫系统、神经系统及脂肪的代谢造成一定的影响, 从代谢的角度解释了环境雌激素壬基酚对生物体的危害, 为毒理学研究提供了依据.     

HPLC-ESI-TOFMS检测尿液中的雌二醇

用HPLC—ESI-TOFMS建立了快速灵敏检测尿中雌二醇的方法,尿样中雌二醇经盐酸水解后用OASISHLB小柱萃取．色谱柱为XTerraMS C18反相分离柱（3．5μm,2．1mm×100mm）,流动相为水和乙腈,梯度洗脱,流速为0．2mL／min,紫外检测波长为280nm,外标法定量．质谱采用负离子电离模式．线性方程：y=1．79×10^5x＋2．59×10^4,线性范围：0．0328—32．8mg／L,线性相关系数R^2=0．9979,最小检出浓度0．00328mg／L,萃取回收率101．83％．应用本方法对10例正常人尿样进行测定,结果满意．相比较其它检测尿中雌二醇的方法来说,此法比较简单、快速、准确,为临床的诊断提供有价值的指标．     

高效液相色谱法测定尿液中儿茶酚胺类物质

本文报道用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)分离,荧光检测器检测儿茶酚胺含量的新方法。该法可同时分离测定去甲肾上腺素(NE)、肾上腺素(E)和多巴胺(DA)三种组分,三种组分的浓度与其峰面积均呈良好的线性关系。方法灵敏度高,选择性好,测定结果令人满意,可在临床推广应用。     

冷原子吸收光谱法直接测定尿汞

汞属于剧毒物质,进人人体的无机汞可转变为毒性更大的有机汞,引起全身中毒作用.目前测定尿汞的方法主要有冷原子吸收光谱法、冷原子荧光法.尿样的前处理多采用常压湿法消解,存在试剂消耗量大,处理时间长,回收率低等缺点.本工作采用不进行消化处理直接取样,采用冷原子吸收光谱法测定职业人群的尿汞,此法快速、简单、试剂用量少,回收率高.     

尿样中海洛因代谢物的检验

使用自制的固相微萃取装置,对尿液中海洛因代谢物6－单乙酰吗啡进行萃取,在装有衍生化试剂的密封玻璃瓶内顶空衍生,用GC－MS检测,取得了较好的效果。方法简便、快速,可用于吸毒者的确认。     

Catalytic Determination of Vanadium in Blood and Urine

Abstract

Trace amounts of vanadium catalyze the oxidation of phenylhydrazine-p-sulfonic acid by sodium chlorate. The diazonium salt produced is coupled with 1-naphthylamine to form an azodyestuff whose absorbance is read at 530 nm. Interferences ate eliminated by separating the vanadium by solvent extraction. Physiological concentrations of vanadium are determined in 10 ml. of ashed human blood or plasma and 25 ml. of ashed human urine. Recovery studies are reported along with results for the analysis of blood and urine samples.     

Metabolites of Icariin in Urine Following Oral Administration

YinyanghuohasbeenusedinfolkmedicineforthousandsofyearsinChina.ItbelongstoplansofgenusEpimedinm(Berberidaceae).ChinaPharmcopoeia(l995Ed.)c0llectedfivespeciesofEpAnedium,inwhichflavanoidsareregardedastheprinciPalcomPonentsresponsibleforthePharmacologicalactivitiesofYinyanghuo,suchastonic,anti-hyPertensiveandami-inflarnmatoryactions.Icariinisoneofthemainflav0n0idconstituentsinYinyanghuo"'andextensivelyusedtocontrolthequalityofthecmdedrug."'TherearemanyrePortsonthepharmac0l0gical,chendcaland…     

毛细管电泳法测定尿中的姜黄素

采用高效毛细管电泳法测定人尿中姜黄素的含量,建立了一种测定体液中姜黄素的简便的分析方法。所用缓冲溶液为15 mmol/L的硼砂溶液(pH 9.24),运行电压为20 kV,检测波长262 nm。姜黄素的峰面积与其质量浓度的线性关系良好,其线性范围为10~300 mg/L,健康人尿中姜黄素的4个浓度水平的添加回收率均大于96.3%,相对标准偏差(RSD）小于2.3%。该法灵敏、快速、准确,可用于体液中姜黄素的批量检测。     

示波计时电位法测定诺氟沙星尿药浓度

1引言诺氟沙星属于氨基喷淋衍生物，具有广谱抗菌作用，是临床上广泛应用的抗感染药物。健康人单剂量口服诺氟沙星后，24h尿中排出力叽一48％，其中用％左右的药物以原形排泄。服用剂量加倍时，则尿药浓度高达opndL，这一浓度超过尿路感染时大多数致病菌药敏值的好几倍。通常人体内药动力学参数大都采用色谱法测定，色谱法具有准确度高、分辨力强等特点，但色谱法测定的操作过程复杂，测量条件需要严格控制。带氛沙星在Na0H溶液中有良好的示波图，本文研究将示波计时电位法用于尿液中诺氟沙星含量的测定，讨论了不经分离直接测定诺氟沙星…     

GC-MS法测定尿样中三甲基氯化锡

三甲基氯化锡为晶状固体,常温下易挥发,是生产有机锡稳定剂产生的副产品,具有高度毒性,可通过呼吸道、消化道和皮肤粘膜进入机体[1],中毒者可出现低血钾和中枢神经系统损伤.