惯导系统初始对准的H∞滤波器设计

在对系统的噪声统计特性的了解并不确切的情况下，将H∞滤波技术应用于惯导系统初始对准，对失准角和仪表误差进行估计，克服了传统Kalman滤波器的性能恶化问题。通过对系统频域特性进行整形，有效地抑制了低频干扰对系统误差传播特性的影响，效果优于Kalman滤波。     

基于未补偿偏置滤波器的惯导动态初始对准

动态初始对准是惯性导航系统(惯导)工程应用的重要功能之一。针对动态环境下随机干扰和弱可观惯性仪表误差导致对准滤波器性能下降的问题,采用未补偿偏置滤波器实现惯导系统的初始对准。给出了带高度阻尼的惯导水平通道误差模型,根据最小二乘估计原理定量分析了陀螺漂移误差对降维滤波器精度的影响,进而推导出带偏置结构的对准误差模型,设计出基于水平位置误差观测的7维未补偿偏置Kalman滤波器。动态试验结果表明,未补偿偏置滤波器能有效提高惯导动态初始对准性能,仅需40 min对准精度即达标,比直接降维滤波器快一倍以上,具有较强的工程应用价值。     

再入飞行器的制导工具误差分段补偿技术研究

针对再入飞行器的惯性仪表误差模型在地面测试环境下和真实飞行环境下不一致的特点，提出了按照过载变化的大小对其误差模型进行分段辨识和分段补偿的方法，以补偿飞行器高速再入过程中的制导工具误差。最后通过计算机仿真试验验证了此方法的正确性，为实际应用提供了理论依据。     

激光陀螺捷联惯导系统多位置标定方法

在建立惯性仪表简化误差模型的基础上,提出了一种多位置标定方法.该方法充分考虑标定条件、设备以及时间等因素,设计了一种多位置连续转动标定方案,充分激励惯性仪表各项误差参数,从而建立起所有误差参数与系统导航误差之间的关系,通过测量每个位置静态导航状态下的速度误差,采用最小二乘估计,全面辨识出所有21个误差参数.理论分析和实验结果表明,与传统标定方法相比,该方法对标定设备要求低,无需北向基准,实现简单方便,在较短的时间内就可以一次标定出惯性仪表所有21个误差参数,标定精度与基于精密转台的标定精度相当,具有较强的工程实用性.     

激光捷联惯导系统的一种系统级标定方法

根据陀螺和加速度计的输出误差模型,从惯性导航基本方程出发推导了捷联惯导系统的系统级标定的一种误差参数标定模型,明确了该模型成立的条件,分析了该模型下惯性仪表24项误差参数的可辨识性,从而解释了已有文献未将惯性仪表24个误差参数完全辨识的原因,完善了该理论的完整性,并且提出了设计多位置翻滚实验的位置编排原则,给出了能够辨识出惯性仪表24项误差参数的标定方法.根据该位置编排原则可以找到多组可行的位置编排使得惯性仪表误差参数是可辨识的.该标定方法简单易行.     

捷联惯性导航减振系统研究

一本文研究车载捷联惯性导航系统的减振问题。对减振系统的设计、减振器的选型与安装等方面进行了讨论，提出减振系统性能测试和数据处理方法，给出了实验结果。分析振动对仪表测试误差和导航计算误差的影响，并提出了减小误差的措施。     

高精度惯性测量系统热应力分析与优化设计

针对高精度惯性测量系统内仪表结构正交性误差在使用过程中的不稳定性问题,重点开展了结构热应力分析与优化设计。通过构建系统结构热应力模型,并对关键性参数进行系统实测,得到更为精确的优化模型。用有限元分析软件ANSYS对其进行的仿真表明,计算出的结构变化特性与实测正交性误差变化量一致。对仿真结果的进一步分析表明,结构部件的材料线膨胀系数的差异导致仪表安装基面的热应力变形是影响惯性仪表正交性误差稳定性的主要原因。采用上述方法对某高精度惯性测量系统开展热应力分析与优化设计后,同等环境条件变化情况下,惯性仪表正交性误差变化量减少了一半(由10″减少至4.1″),有效减小了惯性仪表正交性误差受长期使用及环境变化的影响,提高了高精度惯性测量系统的综合性能。     

潜地导弹初始定位误差估算方法

针对潜地导弹初始定位误差的估算问题,提出一种基于发射惯性系下遥外差数据进行解算的初始定位误差分离方法.该方法基于制导工具误差的产生机理及传递关系.推导出了初始定位误差与遥外测位置差之间的关系,分析了定位误差对导航计算初始速度装订的影响,建立了利用地面测试数据估算初始段制导工具速度误差的数学模型.结合飞行试验数据对该误差分离方法的精度进行了分析,同时还讨论了遥外差信息的选取原则,计算结果证实了该估算方法的可行性.     

一种快速有效的捷联系统初始对准算法

在捷联惯性系统中，初始对准是影响系统输出精度的最重要环节，陀螺漂移是引起对准误差的主要原因。本文在对捷联系统误差进行分析的基础上，结合卡尔曼滤波器的滤波特性，提出一种把陀螺随机常值漂移标定与初始对准进行多级组合的卡尔曼滤波方法。     

车载捷联惯导系统静止条件下的初始对准方法研究

根据捷联惯导系统(SINS)的误差模型，从提高初始对准中卡尔曼滤波估计的可观测性和可观测度的角度出发，提出了同时利用加速度表的输出和速度误差量这两种信息作为卡尔曼滤波的测量量，对陆地车辆捷联惯导系统在静止条件下进行初始对准。可观测性定性分析、可观测度定量计算和仿真结果都表明，充分利用外部可观测信息，可以提高系统的可观测性和可观测度，加快初始对准的速度，减小估计误差。该方法已经在实际的SINS中得到应用。     

The 7th International Conference on Fluid Mechanics May 24-27,2015,Qingdao,China

正http://www.icfm7.org First Announcement and Call for PapersThe objective of International Conference on Fluid Mechanics(ICFM)is to provide a forum for researchers to exchange new ideas and recent advances in the fields of theoretical,experimental,computational Fluid Mechanics as well as interdisciplinary subjects.It was successfully convened by the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics(CSTAM)in Beijing(1987,     

INFORMATION FOR CONTRIBUTORS

Contributions： The Journal, Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica, is pleased to receive papers from engineers and scientists working in various aspects of solid mechanics. All contributions are subject to critical review prior to acceptance and publication.     

Preface

This special issue of PARTICUOLOGY is devoted to the first UK-China Particle Technology Forum taking place in Leeds, UK, on 1-3 April 2007. The forum was initiated by a number of UK and Chinese leading academics and organised by the University of Leeds in collaboration with Chinese Society of Particuology, Particle Technology Subject Group （PTSG） of the Institution of Chemical Engineers （IChemE）, Particle Characterisation Interest Group （PCIG） of the Royal Society of Chemistry （RSC） and International Fine Particle Research Institute （IFPRI）. The forum was supported financially by the Engineering and Physics Sciences Research Council （EPSRC） of United Kingdom,     

基于鲁棒滤波的捷联导引头视线角速度估计方法

针对捷联导引头无法直接获取视线角速度等信息的问题,研究了鲁棒滤波在大气层外飞行器捷联导引头视线角速度估计中的应用。为了建立非线性滤波估计模型,考虑目标视线角速度的慢变特性,采用一阶马尔科夫模型建立了状态方程;推导了视线角速度的解耦模型,并建立了量测方程;考虑到实际应用中存在系统噪声统计特性失准的问题,基于Huber-Based鲁棒滤波方法,设计了视线角速度滤波器,并完成了基于Huber-Based滤波方法和扩展卡尔曼滤波方法的数学仿真。仿真结果表明Huber-Based滤波方法的视线角、视线角速度及视线角加速度估计精度分别达到0.1140'、0.1423'/s、0.0203'/s2,而扩展卡尔曼滤波方法的视线角、视线角速度及视线角加速度估计精度仅分别为0.6577'、0.6415'/s、0.0979'/s~2。仿真结果证明了该方法可以有效地估计出相对视线角速度等信息,并且在非高斯噪声的条件下,依然可获得较高的估计精度,具有一定的鲁棒性。     

Guide for authors

正Each of the sections below provides essential information for authors.We recommend that you take the time to read them before submitting a contribution to Acta Mechanica Sinica.We hope our guide to authors may help you navigate to the appropriate section.How to prepare a submission This document provides an outline of the editorial process involved in publishing a scientific paper in Acta Mechanica     

Use specification of multiscale materials for life spanned over macro-, micro-, nano-, and pico-scale

Multiscale material intends to enhance the strength and life of mechanical systems by matching the transmitted spatiotemporal energy distribution to the constituents at the different scale, say—macro, micro, nano, and pico,—, depending on the needs. Lower scale entities are, particularly, critical to small size systems. Large structures are less sensitive to microscopic effects. Scale shifting laws will be developed for relating test data from nano-, micro-, and macro-specimens. The benefit of reinforcement at the lower scale constituents needs to be justified at the macroscopic scale. Filling the void and space in regions of high energy density is considered.Material inhomogeneity interacts with specimen size. Their combined effect is non-equilibrium. Energy exchange between the environment and specimen becomes increasingly more significant as the specimen size is reduced. Perturbation of the operational conditions can further aggravate the situation. Scale transitional functions and/or f_j/j+1 are introduced to quantify these characteristics. They are represented, respectively, by , and (f_mi/ma,f_na/mi,f_pi/na). The abbreviations pi, na, mi, and ma refer to pico, nano, micro and macro.Local damage is assumed to initiate at a small scale, grows to a larger scale, and terminate at an even larger scale. The mechanism of energy absorption and dissipation will be introduced to develop a consistent book keeping system. Compaction of mass density for constituents of size 10⁻¹², 10⁻⁹, 10⁻⁶, 10⁻³ m, will be considered. Energy dissipation at all scales must be accounted for. Dissipations at the smaller scale must not only be included but they must abide by the same physical and mathematical interpretation, in order to avoid inconsistencies when making connections with those at the larger scale where dissipations are eminent.Three fundamental Problems I, II, and III are stated. They correspond to the commonly used service conditions. Reference is made to a Representative Tip (RT), the location where energy absorption and dissipation takes place. The RT can be a crack tip or a particle. At the larger size scales, RT can refer to a region. Scale shifting of results from the very small to the very large is needed to identify the benefit of using multiscale materials.