松香改性酚醛环氧树脂的固化物结构及性能表征

以自制的松香改性酚醛环氧树脂（RPAE）为对象,采用FT-IR跟踪了RPAE与三种固化剂4,4-二氨基二苯砜、邻苯二甲酸酐和聚酰胺的固化过程,得到了较佳的固化工艺,并在最佳工艺条件下对RPAE与三种固化剂组成的固化体系进行固化,并用FT-IR、TG等表征手段考察了固化物的结构和性能。研究发现,RPAE是一种耐热性和电绝缘性能优良的环氧树脂。     

室温快速固化的粘合剂——α-氰基丙烯酸酯

一、序言随着近代科学技术的发展,高聚物愈来愈多地得到广泛的应用,而作为粘合剂更是一种重要的用途。目前的发展是合成耐高溫的结构粘合剂和室溫下快速固化的粘合剂,后者最引入注目的是α-氰基丙烯酸酯粘合剂,它在常溫下快速固化,不需加固化剂、加热和加压。对于各种材料,如金属、塑料、木材、橡胶、     

环氧防水涂料固化剂酮亚胺合成方法及性能

环氧树脂防水涂料的性能与固化剂有着很大的关系.本文作者合成出一种酮亚胺固化剂,通过实验考察了影响其产率的因素,并与其他三种常用的固化剂在性能上进行了比较.结果表明,酮亚胺的固化效果优良,当甲基异丁基酮(MIBK)与间苯二甲胺(MXDA)单体投料比为3∶1时,产率较高,最佳的合成反应温度为130℃,反应时间为3.5h.     

取代脲促进环氧树脂／双氰胺固化体系反应机理

双氰胺作为环氧树脂的固化剂，由于固化产物具有优良的机械和电性能，广泛应用在汽车、航天及电子等领域中．但由于其固化温度高达180C以上，使应用范围受到很大限制．专利文献曾报道晚衍生物作为环氧树脂／双氰胺固化体系的促进剂，可以使体系的固化温度降低到130～140oC，并且在室温下仍保持一定的潜伏性［‘，’］．在以往的研究中，认为取代脉的促进作用在于其与环氧发生反应生成环状化合物2一心竣烷酮和仲胺，仲胺与环氧基进一步反应生成的叔胺可以催化环氧发生阴离子聚合［’～’］．实验表明，环氧树脂／双氰胺／取代脉体系的固化温…     

一组新型单组份环氧树脂固化体系

本文研究环氧树脂与水杨酸锌—2-甲基咪唑络合物固化体系,并探讨其固化机理。该固化剂与环氧树脂混合后,储存期长,综合性能好,并可根据固化剂系列用量配成可在120—210℃快速固化单组份环氧胶粘剂。     

潜伏性热释放型微胶囊固化剂2苯基咪唑-聚甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯的结构表征与性能研究

以2-苯基咪唑(2PZ)为芯材,聚甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(PGMA)为壁材,采用溶剂挥发技术,成功地制备了一种新型潜伏性热释放型微胶囊固化剂2PZ-PGMA。通过FT-IR、TGA、SEM、粒度分析和DSC对微胶囊固化剂的化学结构、芯材含量、表面形貌、粒径分布及固化性能等进行了表征。所制备的微胶囊固化剂表面光滑,粒径分布较窄,平均粒径为约17.6μm,壁材厚度为约1.1μm,芯材2PZ含量为20.1(wt)%。由微胶囊固化剂与环氧树脂E-51制备的单组分胶粘剂,具有优良的固化特性、潜伏性能和粘接性能,可在100℃下30min内实现固化,室温储存期达33d以上,拉伸剪切强度达15.36MPa。     

一种新型的改性聚双马耒酰亚胺树脂及其玻璃布层压板

以氰尿酸、二苯甲烷双马耒酰亚胺、环氧树脂和潜伏性固化剂为原料,合成了一种新型耐热性树脂,并压制了相应的玻璃布层压板。由于加入了适宜的固化剂,树脂溶液贮存稳定性好,易于成型加工。采用IR、DSC、DTA、TG和凝胶化时间测定等方法研究了树脂的固化过程和热稳定性。该树脂在150°以上固化迅速,固化热焓达-42.88卡/克。该树脂在170°固化5小时与在210℃固化4小有完全相同的热失重(TG)曲线。在170℃下压制的玻璃布层压板具有优良的高温介电性能和力学性能,180℃时的弯曲强度和介质损耗角正切值(工频)分别为346MPa和0.0212。     

胺氧化羰基化合成脲的研究进展

CO是一种廉价、丰富且有用的C1分子,将其作为羰基源参与胺氧化羰基化反应是有机化学中一类重要的反应.近年来,采用胺氧化羰基化合成脲类化合物的技术路线备受关注.我们综述了催化剂参与的胺氧化羰基化合成脲类化合物的研究现状,还对胺氧化羰基化反应的发展趋势进行了展望.     

酸催化苯乙烯聚合辅助沥青常温液化-固化

本文使用苯乙烯作为溶剂溶解基质沥青,制备了一种常温稳定的液态沥青材料,并使用硫酸作为固化剂催化苯乙烯单体的阳离子聚合,成功实现了该材料的常温快速固化。实验结果表明：以65 w%基质沥青和35 w%苯乙烯所制备的液态沥青,在额外添加10 w%固化剂时所得到的固化沥青材料,其沥青残留物含量、针入度、软化点、延度、常温贮存稳定性等均能满足技术标准要求;使用该方法配置的沥青混合料,其浸水马歇尔实验的残留稳定度和冻融劈裂强度比也分别能够达到93.4%和86.4%,表现优异。本文实验结果对常温化沥青道路铺筑施工技术具有十分重要的参考价值。     

四甲基氢氧化铵降解苯酐固化双酚A型环氧树脂的研究

将四甲基氢氧化铵(TMAH)降解聚酯的方法移植用于降解苯酐(PA)固化双酚A型环氧树脂(DGEBA),降解生成的邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMP)可被气相色谱―质谱(GC-MS)快速检测到,同时通过内标法考察了TMAH用量对降解率的影响,结果表明TMAH降解苯酐固化环氧树脂效率较高,甲酯化率在95%以上。此项研究为剖析毫克级酸酐固化环氧树脂中的固化剂提供了一种快速且有效的方法。     

Charge Spreading in Deep Eutectic Solvents

Ab initio molecular dynamic simulations reveal significantly reduced ion charges in several choline‐based deep eutectic solvents, which are cheap and eco‐friendly alternatives to ionic liquids. Increasing hydrogen bond strength between the anion and the organic compound enhances charge spreading from the anion to the organic compound while the positive charge is stronger located at the cation. Nonetheless, the negative charge transferred from chloride to urea in choline chloride urea mixtures is negligible. Thus, it seems questionable if charge delocalization occurring through hydrogen bonding between the halide anion and the organic compound is responsible for the deep eutectic melting point.     

Co‐templating Ionothermal Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a New Layered Aluminophosphate from a Protic Deep Eutectic Solvent

Protic deep eutectic mixtures are usually composed of organic amine hydrochloride salts and hydrogen bond donors in a specific molar ratio. Ionothermal synthesis of aluminophosphate as an example, herein, was reported for the first time from an urea‐based protic eutectic mixture, consisting of diethylammonium chloride (DEACl) and 1,3‐dimethyl urea (DMU). As a result, a new two dimensional aluminophosphate with 4.8‐network, [CH₃NH₃]₂[(C₂H₅)₂NH₂]Al₃(PO₄)₄, has been successfully synthesized by co‐templating the DEA and methylamine in situ generated from the decomposition of DMU in the absence of HF. Compared to alkyl quaternary ammonium salts with more alkyl‐group connected with N atom, this kind of organic amine salts are more likely as the structure‐directing agents to synthesize aluminophosphates in urea‐based deep eutectic mixtures. It was also found that HF is crucial to the phase selectivity, a known compound with chain‐like structure was obtained with the single methylamine as a structure‐directing agent in the presence of HF. These materials were characterized by powder XRD, SEM, TG‐DSC, ¹³C CP‐MAS NMR and CHN analyses.     

甘松新酮/磷酸盐柱[6]芳烃主客体络合行为

以水溶性磷酸盐柱[6]芳烃(WP6P)为主体, 天然药物甘松新酮(ND)为客体, 采用饱和溶液法构筑了一种新的ND/WP6P主客体包合物. 通过紫外光谱滴定法研究了主客体之间的络合行为, 结果表明, ND和WP6P以摩尔比1∶1形成主客体包合物, 其络合常数为5.160×10⁴ L/mol. 利用红外吸收光谱、 X射线粉末衍射、 热重分析(TG)、 示差扫描量热分析(DSC)和扫描电子显微镜对形成的包合物进行了表征. 通过一维和二维核磁共振氢谱及分子对接模拟等方法进一步验证了ND与WP6P之间形成主客体包合物的包合模式. 本文为水溶性柱芳烃在天然药物方面的应用提供了理论参考.     

复合成核剂对聚丙烯结晶行为的影响

以超细橡胶粒子与有机磷酸盐成核剂复配的方法制备了一种新型复合成核剂,通过示差扫描量热法(DSC)比较了复合成核剂改性PP以及有机磷酸盐成核剂改性PP的结晶温度、等温结晶行为及等温结晶动力学;利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)的能谱附件和透射电子显微镜(TEM)研究了复合成核剂的微观形态及其在PP中的分散情况.研究结果表明,复合成核剂中超细橡胶粒子作为载体使有机磷酸盐成核剂附着在其表面,提高了成核剂在聚丙烯中的分散性,因而提高了成核剂的成核效率,当成核剂用量较小时,即可明显提高PP的结晶速率和力学性能.     

表面活性剂增敏荧光光度法测定牛奶中的三聚氰胺

建立了表面活性剂增敏荧光光度法测定牛奶中三聚氰胺的方法。利用弱碱性介质中阳离子表面活性剂(CTMAB)对三聚氰胺荧光强度的增敏作用,在pH=8.0的Tris-HCl缓冲溶液中,以CTMAB为增敏剂,测定三聚氰胺,线性范围为25～1000μg/L,检出限为19μg/L,相对标准偏差为1.6%。按国标方法处理样品,采用本法测定,回收率偏高;利用自制固相萃取整体柱对牛奶样品进行预处理后,实际样品检测获得满意结果。此方法简便、快捷、准确,可用于大量牛奶样品中三聚氰胺的快速初筛及检测。     

Liquid-phase microextraction based on solidified floating drops of organic solvents

Microextraction of organic or inorganic analytes using solidified floating drops of organic solvents is a fairly new method that is simple and rapid, and requires only small quantities of solvents and reagents. This review (with 109 references) covers published work up to Sep. 2012, and describes how the method was combined with analytical techniques such as GC, HPLC, ICP-OES and electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. We discuss basic principles and the main parameters that affect the extraction efficiency, and give specific applications of the technique.

Construction of a simple optical sensor based on air stable lipid film with incorporated urease for the rapid detection of urea in milk

This work describes the construction of a simple optical sensor for the rapid, selective and sensitive detection of urea in milk using air stable lipid films with incorporated urease. The lipid film is stabilized on a glass filter by polymerization using UV (ultra-violet) radiation prior its use. Methacrylic acid was the functional monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate was the crosslinker and 2,2′-azobis-(2-methylpropionitrile) was the initiator. Urease is incorporated within this mixture prior to the polymerization. The presence of the enzyme in these films quenched this fluorescence and the colour became similar to that of the filters without the lipid films. A drop of aqueous solution of urea provided a “switching on” of the fluorescence which allows the rapid detection of this compound at the levels of 10⁻⁸ M concentrations. The investigation of the effect of potent interferences included a wide range of compounds usually found in foods and also of proteins and lipids. These lipid membranes were used for the rapid detection of urea in milk.     

Optical biosensors based on Prussian Blue films

Optical biosensing schemes based on enzymatically modified inorganic/organic transparent films predominately composed of Prussian Blue are demonstrated. The composite film, which is non-electrochemically deposited on a non-conducting support. is used as an optical transducer for flow-through biosensors based on hydrolases and oxidases. Urease and glucose oxidase are utilized as model enzymes. Action of the urea biosensor is based on optical pH sensitivity of Prussian Blue indicator. The glucose biosensor is acting as first-generation optical biosensor based on in situ generated Prussian White transducer for hydrogen peroxide. These simple, single-pass transmission optical biosensors exhibit sensitivity in the millimolar range of concentration. The biosensors are very stable owing to presence of a poly(pyrrolylbenzoic acid) network in the composite material. This organic polymer plays a dual role as a binding agent for inorganic material and as a functionalized support for strong covalent immobilization of enzyme molecules.     

Barium Ferrate Monohydrate BaFeO4, H2O,A Versatile Reagent for the Oxidation of Organic Compounds under Aprotic Condiiton

Barium ferrate monohydrate which seems to be a safe and a non-pollutant compound, is an easily prepared, a quite stable and a cheap oxidant. Its uses as a versatile oxidizing agent of organic compounds are described.