丙烯酸含氟共聚物的表面性能研究

通过接触角测量研究了丙烯酸含氟共聚物的表面能随含氟基团含量的变化。研究发现,丙烯酸含氟共聚物的表面能随含氟基团含量的增加而降低,随pH值的升高而升高。     

聚丙烯酸/聚丙烯酰胺水溶液复合特性的研究

通过酸度、电导率、粘度、接触角的测定,研究了聚丙烯酸 (PAA) /聚丙烯酰胺 (PAM) 水溶液复合物及复合物膜的结构和性能。结果表明,酸度、温度、浓度和复合比影响PAA/PAM的复合水溶液中大分子链的构象和流体力学体积,适度的氢键作用可以形成均相的复合溶液。经过热处理和未经热处理的聚合物膜表现出了不同的亲水性能。     

聚（N—十二烷基—3—苯基吡咯）的研究

合成了一种吡咯的双取代衍生物：Ｎ－十二烷基－３－苯基吡咯，并用化学氧化法对其实施了聚合反应。该反应生成的导电聚合物可溶于一般有机溶剂，用溶剂蒸发制膜的方法可制得柔软的自支撑薄膜，用四电极方法测得掺杂态薄膜的电导率约为０．０５Ｓ／ｃｍ。并通过元素分析、ＧＰＣ、ＦＴ－ＩＲ、１Ｈ－ＮＭＲ等手段对其分子结构进行了表征。     

聚（3—丁基噻吩）电导的热稳定性

研究了导电聚合物聚（３－丁基噻吩）（ＰＢＴ）在大气环境下的导电热稳定性。在室温至２２０℃范围内，测试电导率随时间及温度的变化。ＴＧＡ分析以及化学分析的结果表明：掺杂态的ＰＢＴ大约在１４０℃附近有一转化温度，低于或高于这一转化温度，电导率下降的决定因素各不相同。高于转化温度时，电导率下降的主要原因是反离子和高分子主链的解离，进而发生化学反应，影响了高分子主链的结构。ＸＰＳ测试结果表明：经热处理后的Ｐ     

烷氧磺酸盐功能化的聚乙撑二氧噻吩水凝胶

通过氧化偶联聚合方法成功地制备出一种基于烷氧磺酸盐功能化的聚乙撑二氧噻吩水凝胶, 揭示了零维单体胶束向二维纳米片层及三维水凝胶的转变过程, 发现通过改变反应温度或初始单体浓度, 可以诱导水凝胶网络结构单元的维度变化, 即由零维纳米粒子向二维纳米片层进行转化. 提出了一种导电高分子水凝胶的合成方法, 即采用一种氧化剂与一种多价金属盐的混合物作为引发剂, 其中前者用于诱导单体聚合, 后者则充当离子交联试剂, 并发现可以通过引入不同金属离子来改变凝胶的形貌. 此外, 导电高分子水凝胶具有良好的电化学电容, 并具有选择性吸附与可控脱附某些染料分子的特性.     

聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯/星形聚乙二醇半互穿聚合物网络的形状记忆性能和分子机理

采用非共价复合方法,设计并合成了具有星形结构的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯/星形聚乙二醇半互穿聚合物网络(PMMA/SPEG)和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯/线性聚乙二醇半互穿聚合物网络(PMMA/LPEG).研究了PEG分子量对PMMA/SPEG和PMMA/LPEG的热性能、机械性能、动态机械性能和形状记忆性能的影响.结果表明,与PMMA/LPEG相比,星形结构的嵌入显著提高了PMMA/SPEG复合物的机械性能、形状回复率和回复速度.采用Edwards管道模型理论对其形状记忆效应的分子机理进行了阐释,利用材料的应力松弛特性对机理分析进行了验证.     

聚酞菁硅氧烷多晶型现象的HREM观察

把酞菁硅二醇单体置于440℃、1Pa的动态真空下,升华到新的NaCl单晶体的(100)解理面上,使之聚合并外延生成薄膜晶体,也用事先聚合好的聚酞菁硅氧烷作升华源制备了这类薄膜晶体。发现分子链垂直于薄膜平面。并用HREM观察了其多晶型现象。其中β-晶型为四方晶系,a=1.4nm,c=0.66nm,z=2;α-晶型属正交晶系,a=1.4nm,b=2.8nm,c=0.66nm,z=4;γ-晶型属正交晶系,a=1.4nm,b=5.6nm,c=0.66nm,z=8;θ-晶型为正交晶系,a=1.4nm,b=5.6nm,c=0.66nm,z=8。     

Chemical Modification of Poly(epichlorohydrin) Using Montmorillonite Clay

Cationic ring opening polymerization of epichlorohydrin (1) and acetic anhydride in the presence of Maghnite- H (Mag-H＋) as a catalyst afforded, ω-diacetylated poly(epichlorohydrin) (P1) in a moderate yield and molecular weight without formation of side products and degradation. P1 was chemically modified with morpholine (2), piperidine (3) and pyrrolidine (4) into the corresponding new functional poly(epichlorohydrin)s (P2—P4) in a moderate reaction conversion . The conversion of P1 into P2—P4 was confirmed by using FTIR and NMR spectroscopy and the yield was calculated from the elemental analysis data according to the mole fraction concept. The obtained functional polymers were further characterized by thermal analysis which showed a substantial increase of the glass transition temperature (Tg). Thus, the chemical modification of α,ω-acetylated PECH using Mag-H＋ offers a simple method for obtaining functional polymers. Mag-H＋ is a montmorillonite sheet silicate clay exchanged with proton.     

聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯型高分子染料的合成

高分子染料的合成研究起于６０年代初［１］．１９７３年，Ｍａｒｅｃｈａｌ等实现了无色高分子材料与有色染料分子的化学键合［２～３］．目前，高分子染料已广泛应用于化妆品、涂料、填料、食品等领域并开始探索在液晶显示、半导体材料、激光记录、非线性光学材料、亲和...     

聚丁基噻吩的合成及性能

用化学聚合方法合成了聚丁基噻吩导电材料,并研究了不同的聚合条件对聚合物性能的影响。聚丁基噻吩导电材料具有较好的稳定性和加工性,其掺杂态的导电率可达到10s/cm。     

脂肪族聚碳酸酯型聚氨酯/聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯互穿网络聚合物的研究

用同步法合成了聚碳酸亚丙酯聚氨酶／聚甲基丙烯酸甲醇互穿网络聚合物（PPCPU／PMMA，IPN），调节IPN中两组分配比制备出多种高聚物共混物。用DSC、TEM对IPN的研究结果表明．PPCPU／PMMA之IPN的两组分是互不相容的。同时对各种组成比的IPN材料进行力学性能测试，并用SEM对断面进行了观察，发现IPN的密度大于相应体系体积加和值。     

o-Carborane-Containing Poly(siloxane-arylacetylene)s With Thermal and Thermo-Oxidative Stabilities

A series of poly(siloxane-arylacetylene)s with o-carborane in the backbone (CB-PSOA)s were prepared by the coupling reaction between poly(siloxane-arylacetylene) (PSOA) and decaborane (B₁₀H₁₄) in the presence of CH₃CN. CB-PSOAs were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Pyrolysis–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (Py–GC–MS). The results show that the average amount of carborane units in a CB-PSOA chain could be raised when the molar ratio of B₁₀H₁₄ to PSOA is increased from 0.6 to 2.4. The crosslinking reaction could be carried on at above 140°C for CB-PSOAs. The CB-PSOA thermosets show excellent thermo oxidative stability with over 85% residue yield at 1000°C in air.     

PPV-PDMeOPV共聚物发光性质的实验和理论研究

具有优良电致发光性能的有机聚合物材料的研制及其发光性能和应用的研究是９０年代新兴的高科技领域．聚对苯乙炔［Ｐｏｌｙ（ｐ－ｐｈｅｎｙｌｅｎｅｖｉｎｙｌｅｎｅ）,缩写为ＰＰＶ,又称聚苯撑乙烯］是这一领域最先研制出来的具有代表性的材料［１,２］．为改变ＰＰ...     

聚苯胺与聚苯甲酰胺的共混研究

在制得可溶性聚苯胺基础上，研究了聚苯胺与聚苯甲酰胺在二甲基乙酰胺（含３．５％ＬｉＣｌ）中的共混溶液行为并绘出其三元相图。研制了不同配比的聚苯胺／聚苯甲酰胺共混膜。测试结果表明，在聚苯胺中混入２０％ＰＢＡ后其拉伸强度可增加２～３倍且其导电率可达７．５Ｓ／ｃｍ。考察了混合比对共混薄膜的导电率和力学性能的影响．ＳＥＭ及Ｘ－衍射结果表明聚苯胺／聚对苯甲酰胺共混物存在着明显的微观相分离．     

Electrosynthesis of Poly(azure B) from Sulfuric Acid Solution

Electrochemical polymerization of azure B from sulfuric acid solution was carried out by using cyclic voltammetry. The electrolytic solution consisted of 5.0 mmol · dm^?3 azure B and 0.3 mol · dm^?3 H₂SO₄. The temperature for polymerization was controlled at 20°C. A blue film, i.e., poly(azure B) was formed on a platinum foil and had a electrochemical reversibility, stability and a fast charge transfer ability in the 0.5 mol · dm^?3 Na₂SO₄ with pH ≤4.0 solution. The currents of both anodic and cathodic peaks are proportional to υ^1/2 at the scan rate (υ) region of 25 and 600 mV · s^?1 on the cyclic voltammograms. The conductivity of poly(azure B) is 2.8×10^?6 S · cm^?1 at 20°C. The UV‐visible spectrum and Raman spectrum of the polymer are different from those of the monomer. A possible polymerization mechanism of azure B was also proposed.     

Thermoresponsive Poly(2‐oxazine)s

The monomers 2‐methyl‐2‐oxazine (MeOZI), 2‐ethyl‐2‐oxazine (EtOZI), and 2‐n‐propyl‐2‐oxazine (nPropOZI) were synthesized and polymerized via the living cationic ring‐opening polymerization (CROP) under microwave‐assisted conditions. pEtOZI and pnPropOZI were found to be thermoresponsive, exhibiting LCST behavior in water and their cloud point temperatures (T_CP) are lower than for poly(2‐oxazoline)s with similar side chains. However, comparison of poly(2‐oxazine) and poly(2‐oxazoline)s isomers reveals that poly(2‐oxazine)s are more water soluble, indicating that the side chain has a stronger impact on polymer solubility than the main chain. In conclusion, variations of both the side chains and the main chains of the poly(cyclic imino ether)s resulted in a series of distinct homopolymers with tunable T_CP.     

非共价键自组装制备聚对苯撑乙炔/聚丙烯酸水溶性荧光纳米粒子及其光物理行为研究

通过功能化聚对苯撑乙炔(含羟基与氨基)和聚丙烯酸之间的非共价键自组装制备了一系列含共轭聚合物的水溶性荧光纳米粒子, 并进行了相关结构和光学性质表征. 研究表明, 纳米粒子的大小和聚丙烯酸/聚对苯撑乙炔质量比直接相关. 光物理性质研究表明, 形成水溶性纳米粒子后, 疏水的聚苯撑乙炔链在纳米粒子中易于形成π-链间聚集, 其光物理性质与其在薄膜态时相似.     

Synthesis of Poly(silyne-co-hydridocarbyne) for Silicon Carbide Production

Pre-ceramic polymers have previously been shown to be polymeric precursors to silicon carbide, diamond and diamond-like carbon. Here, we report the synthesis of a pre-ceramic polymer, poly(silyne-co-hydridocarbyne), which was electrochemically synthesized from one monomer containing both silicon and carbon in its structure. The polymer is soluble in common solvents such as CHCl₃, CH₂Cl₂ and THF. Since the polymer contains both silyne and carbyne on its backbone, it can be easily converted to silicon carbide upon heating under an ambient inert atmosphere, or to SiO₂ under ambient air atmosphere. Poly(silyne-co-hydridocarbyne) was characterized with UV/Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, ¹H-NMR, GPC and Raman spectroscopy. Conversion of the polymer to SiC ceramic was accomplished by heating at 1000 and 750°C under an argon atmosphere and characterized with optical microscopy, SEM, X-Ray and Raman spectroscopies.     

远离临界组成的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯/苯乙烯-丙烯腈无规共聚物共混薄膜表面相分离动力学

采用温控原子力显微镜方法,在线跟踪了远离临界组成聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯/苯乙烯-丙烯腈无规共聚物(PMMA/SAN)共混薄膜的表面相分离行为,并研究了其动力学规律。 结果表明,在SAN含量为70%的样品中观察到了表面相分离行为,其过程可分为早期、中期和晚期3个阶段,分别对应特征化的标度指数:早期结果验证了Cahn线性理论,即标度指数为零;中期相行为主要受“碰撞-扩散”机理控制,因此表现出1/3的标度指数;在相分离后期,流体动力学主导了相区的生长和归并行为,此时标度指数变为2/3。 我们的研究结果对于深刻理解高分子相行为具有积极作用,并将对高分子薄膜加工提供必要的指导。