改性合成橡胶在轮胎工业中的应用

介绍了几种合成橡胶的改性在轮胎工业中的应用现状。为了提高轮胎的综合行驶性能 ,近年来国外开发出了性能良好的溶聚丁苯、Nd系顺丁、乙烯基顺丁、3,4-异戊胶、卤化丁基胶、苯乙烯 -异戊二烯 -丁二烯橡胶、星型支化丁基胶及溴化三元乙丙胶等一系列改性合成橡胶新品种     

胶乳法溴化天然橡胶的结构与性能

在胶乳状态下制得不同溴含量的溴化天然橡胶产物,并采用傅里叶红外光谱和1H NMR核磁共振测试技术对胶乳法溴化天然橡胶（BNR）的结构进行了表征,用扫描电子显微镜对BNR的形貌进行了观察,考察了不同溴含量BNR的溶解性能和氮含量。红外光谱分析表明,天然胶乳溴化反应时发生了溴化取代和加成反应;1H NMR分析结果则证实存在C=C双键加成和亚甲基、甲基的溴化取代。 随着溴含量的增加,BNR产物逐渐变得硬而脆,最终呈粉末状,且粒径减小。 同一溴化天然橡胶产物在不同溶剂中的溶解能力由小到大依次为：四氯化碳、苯＜甲苯、二甲苯＜四氢呋喃＜三氯甲烷＜环己酮;在同一有机溶剂中BNR的溶解性能则随着溴含量的增加而增大。 BNR产物的含氮量随着溴含量的增加而减小,当溴含量为42％时,氮含量减小至0.10％。     

Effect of Ground Rubber Powder on Properties of Natural Rubber

Ground rubber powder (GRP) with three different sizes was incorporated into nature rubber matrix with different loading. Cure characteristics, swelling behaviour, crosslink density, tensile fractured surface, and mechanical properties have been studied. Based on the cure characteristics, it is evident that the processability of the rubber compounds has not changed obviously with the different GRP loading. The introduction of GRP in virgin rubber leads to the increase in swelling degree and the decrease in crosslink density. Tensile strength, hardness and abrasion resistant deteriorate with the increase of GRP loading, but the tear resistance gets better. If the ground rubber particles are smaller, the properties are more similar to the virgin rubber. Because of the phase separation of the GRP and matrix, the properties get worse with the bigger ground rubber powder.     

硫化天然橡胶的本征自修复与固相回收加工

通过小分子模拟试验和应力松弛,发现甲基丙烯酸铜(MA-Cu)比氯化铜(CuCl_2)更适合用作硫化天然橡胶中二硫键交换反应催化剂,并且硫化天然橡胶中的二硫键交换反应需要在高于120°C的温度下才能高效进行,这保障了相关制品在较低温工作时的结构与性能稳定.进一步的实验结果表明,硫化天然橡胶在MA-Cu辅助作用下获得了多次自修复与固相回收加工性能,损伤自修复后的硫化天然橡胶与固相回收加工的再生硫化天然橡胶,其拉伸强度均可恢复到原始材料强度的80%左右.     

环氧化天然橡胶中环氧基团分布情况的研究

通过在胶乳状态下原位生成过氧甲酸制备环氧化天然橡胶（ENR），采用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FRIR）对环氧化天然橡胶的结构进行表征，核磁共振谱仪（NMR）和差示扫描量热仪（DSC）对环氧基团的分布进行了研究，结果表明，过氧甲酸能迅速地渗透到橡胶粒子的内部，使环氧化基团分布在整个橡胶粒子上，环氧基团在ENR分子链上是无规分布...     

环氧化天然橡胶二次改性的研究进展

环氧化天然橡胶(ENR)分子链中存在易开环的反应性环氧基团,环氧基团的开环反应为ENR进行进一步的改性提供了极大的方便。ENR选择性氢化双键可以提高其抗热氧稳定性;ENR与胺类化合物和含磷化合物的反应,可以将防老剂和阻燃剂负载到ENR分子链上,从而达到在分子尺寸的分散;可以利用环氧基团的选择性氧化裂解制备NR基嵌段共聚物的前驱体遥爪型NR;通过环氧基团可以进行接枝改性其它聚合物;此外,分子链中的环氧基团使ENR与无机填料和其它极性聚合物共混相容性提高。     

Spectroscopic Study of Di-Imide Hydrogenation of Natural Rubber

The diimide hydrogenation of natural rubber (NR) was studied by using p-toluenesulfonylhydrazide (TSH) as a diimide-releasing agent. The microstructure and the percentage of hydrogenation were studied by Raman, ¹H-NMR and ¹³C-NMR spectroscopic techniques. Quantitative measurements on fraction of hydrogenated part gave the results in good agreement by using these techniques. The results indicated that percent hydrogenation increased with increasing of reaction time and about 80-85 % hydrogenation was achieved when a two-fold excess of TSH was used. The vibrational characteristic of C=C bond of NR is strongly Raman active and noted at 1663 cm⁻¹. The decrease of this signal was clearly observed during the progress of hydrogenation but the vibrational frequency of the cis and trans structures of the trisubstituted olefin unit of NR can not be differentiated by this technique. While ¹H- and ¹³C-NMR analysis showed that cis-trans isomerization of carbon-carbon unsaturation of NR occurred during hydrogenation.     

丝胶接枝水性聚氨酯乳液对天然乳胶的改性研究

利用丝胶优良的生物相容性、抗氧化性等特点,结合水性聚氨酯优良的机械性能,合成了丝胶接枝水性聚氨酯乳液(1)。采用杂凝聚技术用1改善天然乳胶手套的机械性能和过敏性。结果表明,经1改性后的天然乳胶手套在断裂伸长率基本不变的情况下,断裂强度有了明显的提高;杂凝聚方法形成的核壳结构使丝胶包裹在手套的内表面,达到了改善过敏性的目的。     

丁苯橡胶/天然橡胶复合体系动态力学性能

生热;动态力学损耗;丁苯橡胶/天然橡胶复合体系动态力学性能     

氯化天然橡胶的等速升温热降解动力学

天然胶乳;氯化天然橡胶的等速升温热降解动力学     

胶粉/热塑性塑料共混材料的研究

以胶粉及通用塑料PP和LLDPE为原料,研究了原料种类、相容剂等对胶粉/热塑性塑料共混材料性能的影响,制得了性能较好的共混材料。通过热分析和扫描电镜对制得的共混材料进行分析表征,表明胶粉和LLDPE有较好的相容性及较强的结合力。     

Some Synergistic Effects of Antioxidants in Natural Rubber

Some synergistic effects of antioxidants in natural rubber were investigated considering results obtained by differencial scanning calorimetry (DSC). Rubber formulations were obtained with mixtures of diaminic(DPPD, IPPD, HPPD) and monoaminic (ADPA, PBN) stabilizers and evaluated. The samples containing the mixture diamine/ADPA stabilizers showed synergistic effects while, for those containing diamine/PBN, no effect was observed. Additionally, the diffusion constants determined by use of vulcanized rubber disks confirmed the molar mass dependence of the stabilizer. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

用FTIR研究环氧化天然橡胶的热老化

与天然橡胶（ＮＲ）相比,环氧化天然橡胶（ＥＮＲ）具有良好的耐油性和气密性［１,２］,并由于环氧基团而有一定的极性,同其它高聚物的相容性较好．通过环氧基团的二次反应,ＥＮＲ分子链可接上其它的功能团,满足一些特殊的用途［３,４］．对于ＥＮＲ的力学性能、共...     

天然橡胶分子链双键中引入环氧基对其性能的影响

天然橡胶在乳液状态下与过氧乙酸反应，在主分子链双键中引入环氧基团，可显著提高分子极性，但其高强伸性能基本保持不变；玻璃化温度上升，冲击弹性下降，耐油性、气密性、粘合性显著改善。     

木质素增强丁苯橡胶复合材料研究

采用木材水解木质素为原料,均匀溶解在碱性溶液中,与天然橡胶复合形成互穿网络结构,再通过共沉淀法制得一种木质素/天然橡胶复合物。采用该复合物部分代替商用橡胶补强剂——白炭黑,通过三段混炼法对丁苯橡胶进行混炼。结果表明,这种木质素/天然橡胶复合物对丁苯橡胶具有一定的补强作用,其拉伸强度及断裂伸长率均得到一定改善;而热机械性能研究发现,该复合物部分代替白炭黑后,橡胶材料的滚动阻力及耐寒性均得到改善,但抗湿滑性能有一定程度下降。     

Mechanical and Thermal Analysis of Composites Based on Rubbers From Used Tires

Summary : Reuse and recycling of tires at the end of their useful life is an environmental challenge owing to the huge volumes discarded all over the world. This paper tries to give a scientific contribution toward the mechanical recycling of elastomers derived from pre treatment of tires to produce anti-shock tiles and heat-insulating panels for civil applications. Thermal and mechanical results herein reported satisfactorily justify the interest devoted by now to this topic.     

纳米ZnO对天然橡胶交联反应和热稳定性的影响

纳米氧化锌;纳米ZnO对天然橡胶交联反应和热稳定性的影响