Time-resolved Monte Carlo Simulation of Propagation of Photons Through Layered Tissues

The propagation of photons through layered tissues is discussed using time resolved Monte Carlo method. The effects of the absorption coefficient, scattering coefficient and anisotropy coefficient on the shape of time resolved transmission are investigated. The energy attenuation of light in layered tissues is also achieved for the infinitesimal-width light and infinite-width light, respectively.     

Simulation of Time-resolved Propagation of Photons Through Layered Tissues

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生物组织光传播的时域特征分析

采用蒙特卡罗方法对脉冲光在组织中传播的时域特征作了研究，并把计算结果与漫射理论的解析解作了比较，文中详细分析了组织光学特性参数与组织表面时间分辨的漫反射光分布之间的关系。结果表明：散射系影响着漫反射光强到达峰值的时间，吸收系数影响着漫反射光强在峰值之后随时间下降的速度，而ｇ因子对响应曲线的前沿影响较大，在后沿阶段基本上没有影响。     

生物组织光传输的系统模型及应用

以辐射传输方程为基础,讨论了生物组织光传输问题的线性空间平移不变性,同时建立了层状生物组织光传输问题的系统理论及相应的计算模型.与Monte Carlo方法的对比计算表明：该模型在保证结果准确性的前提下,可极大地提高生物组织光传输问题的计算效率.在此基础上,将该模型应用于层状生物组织内会聚光传输问题的理论计算,讨论了光源会聚角对生物组织内光场分布的影响.     

线光束照射下局部病变组织背散射场角分布研究

将内含异质层的半无限生物组织作为研究线光束照射下局部病变组织背散射场的近似模型，在此基础上，引入倍加算法对线光束照射下局部病变组织背散射场角分布进行数值计算。根据数值计算结果，分析了不同组织层几何参量和光学参量对背散射场角分布的影响，结果表明：“病变组织层对背散射场中小角度光的影响明显大于对大角度光的影响；背散射场的角分布对病变组织的几何参量(埋藏深度和光学厚度)较为敏感，而对病变组织光学参量亦即病变组织性质的差异敏感度较低。”同时还对含肿瘤的乳房组织的背散射场角分布进行了计算和分析，为将背散射场角分布应用于组织内隐藏异物的无创伤诊断提供了理论参考。     

高斯分层介质粗糙面光波透射问题的微扰法研究

运用微扰法研究平面波入射分层介质粗糙面的光波透射问题,推出了不同极化状态的透射光波散射系数公式。采用高斯粗糙面来模拟实际的分层介质粗糙面,结合高斯粗糙面的功率谱导出了平面波入射高斯分层介质粗糙面的透射系数计算公式。通过数值计算得到HH极化透射系数随透射光波散射角变化的曲线,讨论底层介质介电常数、中间介质介电常数和厚度、粗糙面参数及入射光波长对透射系数的影响。数值计算结果表明：底层介质介电常数、中间介质介电常数和厚度、粗糙面参数及入射光波长对透射系数的影响是非常复杂的。     

离散坐标法在计算生物组织内光场空间角分布中的应用

从辐射传输理论出发,研究了准直光照下层状生物组织内漫射光场的角分布.在辐射传输方程的基础上,采用离散坐标法得到了描述层状生物组织内漫射光传输问题的微分方程组形式,并用特征值-特征矢量方法对其进行了求解,给出了通解形式.结合边界条件对两类典型生物组织内漫射光场角分布进行了数值计算-各向同性组织和前向散射组织,给出了组织内不同深度处漫射光场空间角分布曲线.通过对计算结果比较分析,得到了生物组织内漫射光场空间角分布随深度的变化规律,及边界效应和光学参量对组织内漫射光场空间角分布的影响.     

Measurement of optical constants for dense media by low-coherence dynamic light scattering

We perform the optical constants measurements for different absorption dense media by low-coherence dynamic light scattering (DLS) technique. The estimated particle size is used to calculate the scattering coefficient of particles suspended in dense media. The path-length resolved intensity distributions of light backscattered from the absorbing dense media are investigated experimentally by virtue of path-length resolved performance in low-coherence DLS measurements. The absorption coefficient can be obtained by applying the measured path-length resolved intensity distributions to the modified Lambert-Beer law. As a result, we proposed a new low-coherence DLS technique in simultaneous measurement of the scattering and absorption coefficients of absorbing dense media.     

Evolution of Coherent Light in a Simple Polariton Model

We study the phase evolution behaviour of coherent light interacting with phonons initially in thermal equilibrium at temperature T in terms of phase distribution probability. It is shown that the phase not only shifts but also diffuses. The phase distribution broadens and narrows periodically with time. There is a threshold in the variation of the width of phase distribution as a function of coupling coefficient in the detuning case for fixed temperature. The phase diffusion changes rapidly with temperature for coupling coefficient above the threshold while it changes little with temperature for coupling coefficient below the threshold.     

时间分辨光谱法用于离体人肺鳞癌,腺癌及正常组织的荧光寿命测量

用Ｎｄ：ＹＡＧ倍频光５３２．０ｎｍ泵浦ＤＣＭ染料输出的６３２．８ｎｍ激光作激发源，通过时间分辨法测得离体人肺腺癌，鳞癌及正常组织的特征峰荧光寿命分别为５．１，５．６和６．３ｎｓ实验结果表明：肿瘤组织的荧光寿命总小于正常组织的荧光寿命，这种方法将有可能用于精确诊断和定位肿瘤。     

实际光栅系统的分辨本领

本文指出了传统的光栅分辨本领Ｒ＝ｋＮ只是在光源狭缝无限细的情况下的极限值。当光源狭缝还有一定宽度Ｗ时，衍射条纹将增宽，相应最小分辨角Δθｋ将增大，实际光栅系统的分辨本领将减小。文章运用衍射理论，给出了实际光栅系统分辨本领的修正公式。在实验中，在不同光栅宽度Ｄ的情况下，用ｋ＝１级衍射条纹，当测量恰能分辨钠黄光的双线结构的光源缝宽Ｗ时，这时光栅系统的分辨本领是λ／δλ≈１０００，与修正公式计算的理论值一致。     

Non-markovian dynamics of spectral narrowing for excitons in the layered semiconductor GaSe observed using optical four-wave mixing spectroscopy

We have investigated non-markovian dephasing by using time-resolved and spectrally resolved four-wave mixing measurements in a layered semiconductor GaSe. When the time interval between the first and second excitation pulses is increased, photon echo spectra exhibit narrowing only in a regime of a few picoseconds. In the initial dephasing of these signals, fast damping is observed. The narrowing of the spectrally resolved signal is consistent with the Fourier transformation of the time-resolved signals. Spectral narrowing is crucial evidence of the transition from non-markovian to markovian dynamics. By comparing experimental data with calculation results based on the non-markovian theory, we have found that the correlation time of the exciton-phonon interaction is 1.1 ps.     

基于蒙特卡洛法的水下无线光传输特性分析

水下无线光传输面临功率衰减和时域宽度变大的问题,蓝绿光长距离传输特性更难以测试.利用蒙特卡洛法对水下蓝绿高斯光束传输过程进行仿真,分析海水类型、传输距离和发散角等因素对接收功率及脉冲响应的影响,数值对比小发散角情况下不同海水类型和传输距离的接收面上功率分布.结果表明,随着海水衰减系数、传输距离和发散角的增加,接收功率逐...     

高灵敏度离轴积分腔输出光谱技术

利用离轴积分腔输出光谱技术,采用同时扫描激光和谐振腔腔长的方法,使用分布反馈布拉格二极管激光器探测了1.573μm附近CO2的吸收光谱,得到很好的信噪比和灵敏度,探测灵敏度达到4×10-8cm-1(信噪比为2,1 s积分时间)。用非线性最小二乘拟合吸收谱线方法对积分腔输出光谱已经不再适用,会造成自加宽系数变宽为实际自加宽系数的2.39倍左右,对空气加宽系数测量影响较小。为了得到正确的谱线线宽参量,应该对吸收系数进行拟合,该结论从理论和实验上得到了证明。     

Study on photon migration path of ultrashort light pulse in turbid media by Monte Carlo method

The photon density and the photon weight density are obtained by a Monte Carlo method. Based on these two concepts the Gaussian peak value photon paths and the weight mean photon paths of ultrashort light pulse in turbid media are defined and studied. The width of the Gaussian peak value photon path is also given. The influence of the exit angle and time on the photon path and its width are discussed. The relative probability of the photon path is given by the sum of the photon weight densities along the photon path, which could be used to calculate the normalized diffusive intensity approximately. The diffusive reflective intensities will arrive at the maximum at some instant at the place where the photon path reaches on the entrance surface at the same instant. The absorption coefficient has small effect on the photon path and its width in the case of the photon weight density.     

时间分辨投影成像术的成像分辨率的理论研究

从漫射近似理论出发，详细讨论了漫射投影系统的透射光斑的点扩散函数与时间门的时间分辨率，探测器的有限大小，生物组织的厚度以及积分时间的关系。     

“神龙一号”电子束时间分辨能谱测量新方案

介绍了"神龙一号"直线感应加速器电子束时间分辨能谱测量新方案——用螺线管磁场旋转束流法测量其出口电子束能谱,阐述了旋转束流法基本原理及测量方案设计,并且讨论了测量误差。此方案所测能谱为时间分辨离散型束流能谱,其误差与所测离散束流能谱相关。通过测量"神龙一号"加速器末端的电子束流在螺线管磁场中的旋转角度及角度展宽,从而得到脉冲电子束流能谱。     

“神龙一号”电子束时间分辨能谱测量新方案

介绍了“神龙一号”直线感应加速器电子束时间分辨能谱测量新方案——用螺线管磁场旋转束流法测量其出口电子束能谱,阐述了旋转束流法基本原理及测量方案设计,并且讨论了测量误差。此方案所测能谱为时间分辨离散型束流能谱,其误差与所测离散束流能谱相关。通过测量“神龙一号”加速器末端的电子束流在螺线管磁场中的旋转角度及角度展宽,从而得到脉冲电子束流能谱。     

Numerical modeling of the reflection coefficients for the plane sound wave reflection from a layered elastic bottom

The matrix method and its numerical realization are considered in calculating the complex reflection coefficients and refraction indices of plane sound waves for geoacoustic models of the ocean bottom in the form of homogeneous elastic (liquid) absorbing layers overlying an elastic halfspace. In calculating the reflection coefficients at high frequencies or in the presence of a large numbers of sedimentary layers, a passage from the Thomson-Haskell matrix approach to the Dunkin-Thrower computational scheme is performed. The results of test calculations are presented. With the aim of developing resonance methods for the reconstruction of the parameters of layered elastic media, the behavior of the frequency-angular dependences of the reflection coefficient are studied for various geoacoustic bottom models. The structure of the angular and frequency resonances of the reflection coefficients is revealed. The dependence of the structure (the position, width, and amplitude) of two types of resonances on the parameters of the layered bottom is considered.     

CARS技术中泵浦激光光场相干特性的研究

本文从理论上指出，在分子振动能级的横向弛豫时间远小于激光相干时间的条件下，相干反斯托克斯喇曼散射（ＣＡＲＳ）信号能够反映出激光光场的相干特性，据此可直接了解其相干时间并推算出激光的线宽。实验记录了苯、甲苯的ＣＡＲＳ光信号与激光延时时间的关系，得出了激光的相干时间和线宽。