取代1-氯蒽醌中分子内卤键的电子密度拓扑分析

运用量子化学密度泛函B3LYP方法,在6-311＋＋G（d,p）基组水平上对邻位和间位取代1-氯葸醌的分子内卤键进行了研究．用电子定域函数和“分子中的原子,,理论对分子内卤键的性质进行了电子密度拓扑分析．通过对计算得到的密度矩阵进行σ-π兀分离,得到了π-键的键径和分子图,并讨论了。电荷密度和兀电荷密度对卤键的影响．结果表明,键鞍点和环鞍点处的电子密度拓扑性质均可作为衡量分子内卤键强度的量度．键鞍点和环鞍点处的电荷密度P越大,键鞍点与环鞍点的距离越大,卤键强度越大．除σ电荷密度外,π电荷密度对分子内卤键的性质也有明显影响．     

新型均三氮苯类衍生物构效关系的模式识别研究

用量子化学密度泛函理论(DFT)、分子力学(MM)及模式识别方法,对34个新型均三氮苯类衍生物进行了结构活性关系研究.结果表明,影响此类衍生物分子除草活性的主要因素有C(1)上所带的电荷Qc(1),分子总能量E,分子生成热Ef,溶剂可及面积SGrid,分子体积V和C(3)上所带的电荷Qc(3)等参数.通过在C(1)上加上吸电子基,降低C(1)上的电荷,以及在C(3)上连接单取代氨基可以提高除草活性.所得模型对化合物生物活性有较好的预测效果.     

基于缺陷曲率对含有V_1～V_4空位(5,5)单壁碳纳米管[1+1]和[2+1]加成反应的第一性原理研究

本工作使用GGA-PBE方法研究了H和O在含有V_1~V_4空位(5,5)单壁碳纳米管[1+1](H/[1+1])和[2+1](O/[2+1])加成反应的结合能、几何和电子结构.基于方向曲率理论提出的缺陷曲率包括原子曲率(KM-def)和键曲率(K_(D-def))预测了空位缺陷区不同原子和键的加成反应活性.计算结果表明,不管是[1+1]还是[2+1]加成,V_1和V_3空位缺陷中含有悬空键的C原子化学活性最强,且在[2+1]加成反应中C与O原子形成了羰基;对空位缺陷区其它原子或键,H与(5,5)管V_1~V_4空位缺陷区的原子结合能随K_(M-def)的增大而增大;O加成在大K_(D-def)的C—C键时,C—C键易被打断,形成C—O—C产物结构,且相应的结合能较大;O加成在小K_(D-def)的C—C键时,C—C键未被打断,形成三元环产物结构.H/[1+1]和O/[2+1]加成反应结合能除了主要受曲率的影响,还受到参与反应的C原子在(5,5)管最高占据分子轨道的电荷密度以及分波态密度的影响.这些研究将为含有空位缺陷碳纳米管的表面修饰提供理论依据.     

三核分子氮络合物的化学键理论

本文用HM0和图论方法,计算了氮分子配位方式不同的三核分子氮络合物的稳定化能量、氮原子上的电荷及键序,并进行了比较,还同单、双核分子氮络合物进行了对比。发现了氮原子上电荷密度的变化规律,三核与单、双核分子氮络合物基本相似。而稳定化能量的变化趋势却相反。从所获得的结果推测,生物固氮酶对氮分子的络合活化,很可能是既有端基配位,又有侧基配位,多核协同作用。     

含杂原子富勒烯C_(58)X_2(X=B、N、P)电子结构的量子化学研究

用CNDO／2方法在586微机上计算了C60，C59X1和C58X2（X=B、N、P）的23种位置异构体共73个分子的电子结构。在C58X2的23种位置异构体中C58B2（1，9），C58N2（1，9）和C58P2（1，2）分别是最稳定的。C59X1和的稳定性都比C60差，氧化或还原都比C60容易。在C59X1和分子中与杂原子相距1个、2个或3个键的C原子的电荷密度比C60分子的增加或减少较多，其亲电或亲核反应能力增强；与杂原子直接相连的键或挪巨1个、2个、3个键的2个C原子间WibergOrder比C60分子增加或减少较多，其键的强度增强或减弱。     

拓扑量子方法及其在含C＝O和N＝O化合物性能估算中的应用

综合量子化学与拓扑化学知识, 提出了构建Y＝O (Y表示C, N)键拓扑量子键邻接矩阵的方法. 利用该矩阵特征根和量子化学原理, 计算了表征分子轨道能量、原子电荷和键级等的拓扑量子参数. 将这些参数对含C＝O, N＝O基团的有机分子的紫外吸收能量、红外伸缩振动频率和醛酮C＝O上的亲核加成反应速率等性质进行定量结构-性质相关, 得到的模型均具有良好的估算能力.     

原子-键电负性均衡方法参数的确定与探讨

原子-键电负性均衡方法(ABEEM)是以密度泛函理论(DFT)和电负性均衡原理为基础发展而来，它明确地考虑了化学键是不引入任何实验数据的带纯理论性和计算的方法．使用统一标准并具有代表性和全面性地选择了200多个模型分子，利用可得到较准确结构的MP2／6-31G*优化结构，心／STO-3G单点计算得到Mulliken重叠布居，再用最小二乘法拟合得到许多主族元素在分子体系中的诸原子(包括单、双和叁键等不同成键状态)和化学键的ABEEM参数．所得到的原子的价态电负性可与已提出的其他电负性标度相比拟，计算CO得到的电荷负端为C(与从头计算的结果相反)，结果与实验相符，且原子电荷的正负不完全由原子电负性决定．     

CH_2=CClF→(hv) ·CH=CClF+H光解反应的理论研究

采用UHF,CIS和CASSCF方法,在aug-cc-pvdz基组水平上对CH2=CClF?h?v→?CH=CClF+H的光解反应通道及其后续反应作了研究.计算表明:分子吸收一个光子后,在第一电子激发态(S1)经过一个过渡态解离与Cl原子同侧的C—H键,这与用CIS方法计算垂直激发得到的π→σ*C-H跃迁及其对Frank-Condon点的计算中分子的单占轨道和键电荷密度变化所预测的结果是一致的.光解产物?CH=CClF(基态)还可再发生反应,经过渡态解离C—Cl键或是C—F键.     

同核双原子分子及其阳离子的共价键结构比较

绘制了H2,H+2,B2,B+2,C2,C+2,O2,O+2,F2,F+2的电子密度图形,计算了所讨论分子的键长,电子组态及键鞍点处的电荷密度,形象直观地说明了双原子分子及其对应的阳离子的共价键结构。     

FeO催化乙炔三聚环化气相反应机理的理论研究

在B3LYP/aug-cc-pvtz//6-311++G(2d,2p)水平下研究了气相FeO分子催化乙炔三聚环化合成苯的反应机理。研究结果表明,该反应在热力学上是有利的,反应主要涉及三次C-C成键以及一次C-O断键:FeO分子与两分子C2H2相互作用并形成C-C键,产生中间体cyc-C4H4FeO;FeO活化第三分子C2H2,使其与cycC4H4FeO上的C原子成键,生成八元环中间体cyc-C6H6FeO;cyc-C6H6FeO上连接FeO的两个C原子成键,形成中间体C6H6OFe;中间体C6H6OFe的C-O断键,生成C6H6与FeO的分子复合物C6H6FeO。反应的转化频率(TOF)为6.73×10-9h-1,关键过渡态为第三次C-C成键过渡态,八元环中间体cyc-C6H6FeO是关键中间体。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.