山区高速铁路初步设计阶段方案比选的模糊数学方法

在山区高速铁路建设中,初步设计阶段常遇到多方案比选问题.而方案选择涉及因素众多,难以定量分析.针对此问题,引入模糊综合评价模型对各方案进行比选.以渝万铁路客运专线为例,应用模糊综合评价模型对有关方案进行了比选研究,最终得到了首选方案.     

关于群体决策的偏比映射

本文引进群体决策的决策个体和决策群体关于供选方案对的偏比度,以及偏比泛函概念.由此,定义了群体在供选方案集上的偏比映射,构造了相应的偏比公理系,并且建立了关于群体决策的偏比度分析的基本理论.最后,给出一个利用偏比映射进行群体排序的方法.特别是,文中表明,满足本文所提出的所有偏比公理的偏比映射是存在的.     

水泵抽样检验方法的探讨

本文对水泵的原抽检方案进行了具体的计算分析，在此基础上再参照几个国内外广泛采用的抽检标准提出了新的水泵抽检方案．文章比较了新老方案的ＯＣ曲线与平均抽样量（ＡＳＮ），从而得出新方案优于老方案的正确结论． 虽然文中的新方案还有较大的缺陷（比如，该方案对批量大的比批量小的全面地严，或者说，对批量大的方案的ＯＣ曲线在批量小的ＯＣ曲线的下方，因此，小批量比大批量容易通过），还应作进一步的改进．然而该文对原方案的分析还是很值得借鉴的．     

随机偏爱群体决策的随机Borda数法

对于具随机偏爱信息的群体决策问题，本文引入供选方案的随机Borda数和供选方案集上的随机Borda数映射概念．在讨论了随机Borda数映射满足随机偏爱公理的基础上，给出一个对所有供选方案进行群体排序的方法．     

复方厚朴片生产工艺实验研究的优化方法

为优化复方厚朴片的生产工艺，先通过预实验找出六个影响因素及其范围，对各因素如何搭配采用随机办法安排实验方案，按五种优良性准则从方案中选出较优且运行次数最少者，用ＳＡＳ回归过程分析试验结果     

四类连续抽样方案的特性比较

本文结合各类连续抽样方案的使用及设计目的，在一定的可比性条件下，通过将ＣＳＰ－２，ＣＳＰ—Ｔ，ＣＳＰ—Ｖ分别与ＣＳＰ—１进行比较，定量地刻划了这４类方案的主要统计特性，以及在应用中利用这些特性的必要条件．为便于应用，附录中给出了各类方案的检查程续和基本特性函数．     

带有中止检查规划（n—i）的CSP—1方案

本文引人转移概率母函数及幂级数等方法讨论带有中止规划（ｎ－ｉ）的连续抽样方案ＣＳＰ－１的中止概率Ｐ，得到了Ｐ作为ＣＳＰ－１方案的度量的理论特性，证明了Ｄｏｄｇｅ型，ＣＳＰ－１方案与带有中止规划的ＣＳＰ－１方案具有相同的ＡＯＱ，ＡＦＩ，ＯＣ函数，文末还给出了一些数值结果。     

带有中止检查规则（n－i）的CSP－1方案

本文引人转移概率母函数及幂级数等方法讨论带有中止规则（ｎ＊－ｉ）的连续抽样方案ＣＳＰ－１的中止概率Ｐ＊得到了Ｐ＊作为ＣＳＰ－１方案的度量的理论特性，证明了Ｄｏｄｇｅ型ＣＳＰ－１方案与带有中止规则（ｎ＊－ｉ）的ＣＳＰ－１方案具有相同的ＡＯＱ，ＡＦＩ，ＯＣ函数．文末还给出了一些数值结果．     

回归自变量的选择对估计和预测的影响

将全模型ｙ＝Ｘβ＋ε中的设计矩阵Ｘ写成分块形式（Ｘｑ：Ｘ１），相应地将β分块为β′＝，称ｙ＝Ｘｑβｑ＋ε为选模型，［１］［２］研究了在条件Ｃｏｖ（）≥βｔ）下，在均方误差和预测均方误差意义下，在选模型下βｑ的ＬＳ估计βｑ优于在全模型下的ＬＳ估计βｑ，以及选模型下因变量ｙ的预测值ｙ优于全模型下的预测值ｙ，本文在另外一个条件下，得到了上述结论。     

CSP-V方案的特性参数及中止规则[R]

本文计算并给出连续抽样方案ＣＳＰ－Ｖ的三类特性参数，与ＡＯＱＬ相应的ＰＬ值，与操作特性值０．１相应的极限质量水平ＬＱ值，以及与ＡＱＬ，ＬＱ相应的中止概率Ｐ１，Ｐ２等。还讨论了在ＣＳＰ－Ｖ方案中以中止规则［Ｒ］代替现行中止规则［Ｓ］的可能性。     

Best approximation by downward sets with applications

We develop a theory of downward sets for a class of normed ordered spaces. We study best approximation in a normed ordered space X by elements of downward sets, and give necessary and sufficient conditions for any element of best approximation by a closed downward subset of X. We also characterize strictly downward subsets of X, and prove that a downward subset of X is strictly downward if and only if each its boundary point is Chebyshev. The results obtained are used for examination of some Chebyshev pairs （W,x）, where ∈ X and W is a closed downward subset of X     

On a class of Riemann surfaces

It is considered the class of Riemann surfaces with dimT1 = 0, where T1 is a subclass of exact harmonic forms which is one of the factors in the orthogonal decomposition of the spaceΩH of harmonic forms of the surface, namely The surfaces in the class OHD and the class of planar surfaces satisfy dimT1 = 0. A.Pfluger posed the question whether there might exist other surfaces outside those two classes. Here it is shown that in the case of finite genus g, we should look for a surface S with dimT1 = 0 among the surfaces of the form Sg\K , where Sg is a closed surface of genus g and K a compact set of positive harmonic measure with perfect components and very irregular boundary.     

The use of phase portraits to visualize and investigate isolated singular points of complex functions

ABSTRACT

Undergraduate students usually study Laurent series in a standard course of Complex Analysis. One of the major applications of Laurent series is the classification of isolated singular points of complex functions. Although students are able to find series representations of functions, they may struggle to understand the meaning of the behaviour of the function near isolated singularities. In this paper, I briefly describe the method of domain colouring to create enhanced phase portraits to visualize and study isolated singularities of complex functions. Ultimately this method for plotting complex functions might help to enhance students' insight, in the spirit of learning by experimentation. By analysing the representations of singularities and the behaviour of the functions near their singularities, students can make conjectures and test them mathematically, which can help to create significant connections between visual representations, algebraic calculations and abstract mathematical concepts.     

Nonexistence in power and gamma density regression, sum of nonnegative terms

When we use the power function α(c x)^b and gamma density αx^be^-cx to fit the data by the least squares method, we have to address the question of existence. The closure of the set of each type of these functions defined on a finite domain is determined. We derive a way to determine the closure of a sum of nonnegative functions if the closures of the summands are available.     

Sur l'existence, l'unicité, la stabilité et les propriétés de grandes déviations des solutions d'équations différentielles stochastiques rétrogrades à horizon aléatoire. Application à des problèmes de perturbations singulières

We study the existence, uniqueness and stability of solutions of backward stochastic differential equations with random terminal time under new assumptions; then we establish a large deviation principle for the solutions of such equations, related to a family of Markov processes, the diffusion coefficient of which tends to zero. Finally we apply these results to the analysis of some singular perturbation problems for a class of nonlinear partial differential equations.     

Schreier rewriting beyond the classical setting Dedicated to our teacher Alfred Lvovich Shmelkin on his 70th birthday

Using actions of free monoids and free associative algebras, we establish some Schreier-type formulas involving ranks of actions and ranks of subactions in free actions or Grassmann-type relations for the ranks of intersections of subactions of free actions. The coset action of the free group is used to establish a generalization of the Schreier formula in the case of subgroups of infinite index. We also study and apply large modules over free associative and free group algebras.     

A quantum spin system with random interactions I

We study a quantum spin glass as a quantum spin system with random interactions and establish the existence of a family of evolution groups {τ_t(ω)}_ω∈/Ω of the spin system. The notion of ergodicity of a measure preserving group of automorphisms of the probability space Ω, is used to prove the almost sure independence of the Arveson spectrum Sp(τ(ω)) of τ_t(ε). As a consequence, for any family of (τ(ω),β) — KMS states {ρ(ω)}, the spectrum of the generator of the group of unitaries which implement τ(ω) in the GNS representation is also almost surely independent of ω.     

Absolute Continuity of Measures in the Class of Markov and Semi-Markov Processes of Diffusion Type

The property of absolute continuity of measures in the class of one-dimensional semi-Markov processes of diffusion type is investigated. The measure of such a process can be composed of two measures. The first one is a distribution of a random track, and the second one is a conditional distribution of a time run along the track. The desired density is represented in the form of product of two corresponding densities.     

Toward eudaimonology: notes on a quantitative framework for the study of happiness

After noting factors (concern for others, ignorance, irrationality) accounting for the divergences between preference and happiness, the question of representing the preference of an individual by a utility function is discussed, taking account of lexicographic ordering, imperfect discrimination and the corresponding concepts of semiorder and sub-semiorder. Methods to improve upon the interpersonal comparability of measures of happiness such as pinning down the dividing line of zero happiness and the use of a just perceivable increment of happiness are discussed. The relation of social welfare to individual welfare (i.e. happiness) is then considered. Some reasonable set of axioms ensuring that social welfare is a separable function of and indeed an unweighted sum of individual welfares are reviewed. Finally, happiness is regarded as a function of objective, institutional and subjective factors; an interdisciplinary approach is needed even for an incomplete analysis.     

Clustering Methods in Microarrays

Summary DCT Given a finite set of points in an Euclidean space the \emph{spanning tree} is a tree of minimal length having the given points as vertices. The length of the tree is the sum of the distances of all connected point pairs of the tree. The clustering tree with a given length of a given finite set of points is the spanning tree of an appropriately chosen other set of points approximating the given set of points with minimal sum of square distances among all spanning trees with the given length. DCM A matrix of real numbers is said to be column monotone orderable if there exists an ordering of columns of the matrix such that all rows of the matrix become monotone after ordering. The {\emph{monotone sum of squares of a matrix}} is the minimum of sum of squares of differences of the elements of the matrix and a column monotone orderable matrix where the minimum is taken on the set of all column monotone orderable matrices. Decomposition clusters of monotone orderings of a matrix is a clustering ofthe rows of the matrix into given number of clusters such that thesum of monotone sum of squares of the matrices formed by the rowsof the same cluster is minimal.DCP A matrix of real numbers is said to be column partitionable if there exists a partition of the columns such that the elements belonging to the same subset of the partition are equal in each row. Given a partition of the columns of a matrix the partition sum of squares of the matrix is the minimum of the sum of square of differences of the elements of the matrix and a column partitionable matrix where the minimum is taken on the set of all column partitionable matrices. Decomposition of the rows of a matrix into clusters of partitions is the minimization of the corresponding partition sum of squares given the number of clusters and the sizes of the subsets of the partitions.