固相萃取-液相色谱-串联质谱法测定海水中软骨藻酸

软骨藻酸(domoic acid,DA)是一种由海洋硅藻产生的生物毒素,具有强烈的神经毒性,近海水环境中的DA严重威胁海洋渔业生物和人类健康,因此对近海水环境中的DA进行有效监测至关重要.该文基于固相萃取-液相色谱-串联质谱联用技术(SPE-LC-MS/MS),建立了适用于海水中痕量、超痕量DA的检测方法.针对近海水生...     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱测定海水中氯霉素残留量

应用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定海水中的氯霉素残留量, 流动相为V(甲醇)∶V(水)＝80∶20. 采用负电喷雾离子源, 在多反应性监测模式下采集信号, 定性离子对为321/121、 321/152、 321/176, 定量离子对为321/152. 本方法的线性范围是0.1～100 μg/L, 相关系数为0.9993, 仪器检出限为0.01 μg/L, 回收率在81.7%～121.0%之间. 该方法适于海洋环境监测.     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定海水中雌酮、雌二醇、雌三醇

建立了测定海水中雌酮、雌二醇和雌三醇的高效液相色谱-串联质谱的分析方法。样品的提取方法为固相萃取,流动相为乙腈和0.1%氨水,梯度洗脱,流速0.2 mL/min,运行时间10 min。质谱采用负离子扫描模式,定量的碎片离子分别是:雌酮:269.02/144.99;雌二醇:271.04/182.96;雌三醇:287.03/170.94。仪器检出限均为0.001 ng,方法检出限均为0.2 ng/L。回收率分别是78.0~110.0%,82.2~103.2%,76.4~95.1%。该方法适用于海水中雌激素类物质的检测。     

液相色谱-串联质谱法检测水产品中脱氢胆酸残留

采用液液萃取和SPE净化提取水产品中的脱氢胆酸,并建立液相色谱-串联质谱的检验方法。样品以乙酸乙酯和二氯甲烷提取后采用C₁₈柱进行分离,乙腈以及超纯水为流动相洗脱,电喷雾电离负离子模式扫描,多反应监测测定,外标法定量分析。标准溶液在0.05~2 ng/mL范围内呈线性关系,相关系数大于0.99,方法定量限为0.05μg/kg,平均回收率在90.4%~110.0%,相对标准偏差在6.5%~12%。     

液相色谱-串联质谱法测定水环境中的十氯酮

建立了分析测定水环境中十氯酮的液相色谱-串联质谱法。水样经液液萃取、净化后,采用Eclipse plus C18柱（100 mm×2.1 mm,3.5 μm）分离,乙腈和水为流动相进行梯度洗脱,在电喷雾负离子多反应监测模式下进行检测,同位素内标法定量。结果表明：采用液相色谱-质谱联用技术,证实了十氯酮在甲醇中以半缩醛的形式存在,而在丙酮/乙腈中以偕二醇的形式存在。由于十氯酮极性较强,在净化时难以洗脱,并且不耐酸,所以不能与其他有机氯农药一起分析。十氯酮在5~100 μg/L范围有良好的线性关系,相关系数r²=0.999,检出限及定量限分别为0.70 ng/L和2.8 ng/L;在5、40和100 ng/L 3个浓度添加水平的平均回收率为95.1%~98.9%,相对标准偏差为3.85%~4.72%。本方法具有良好的灵敏度、回收率和重现性,适用于水环境中十氯酮的测定。     

液相色谱-串联质谱法测定虾夷扇贝和长牡蛎中软骨藻酸的残留

建立了液相色谱-串联质谱测定虾夷扇贝和长牡蛎中贝类毒素软骨藻酸残留的检测方法。样品经50%甲醇提取,LC-SAX柱净化,3mL0.1mol/L甲酸溶液洗脱,电喷雾离子源(ESI),在正离子、多反应监测方式(MRM)模式下进行定性与定量,定性离子对为m/z 311.98/265.91,m/z 311.98/247.9,m/z 311.98/192.91,以m/z 311.98/265.91为定量离子对,外标法定量。结果表明,方法的检测限为0.01μg/g,定量限为0.02μg/g。在0.02~10μg/mL范围内线性相关系数为0.9999。当添加软骨藻酸质量分数为20~1000 ng/g时,虾夷扇贝样品中软骨藻酸的平均回收率为81.3%~105.4%,RSD为3.9%~8.9%(n=6);长牡蛎样品中软骨藻酸的平均回收率为83.5%~106.6%,RSD为4.6%~6.4%(n=6)。方法满足对贝类产品中软骨藻酸残留的测定。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测奶中克拉维酸残留

采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)建立了克拉维酸在奶中的残留检测方法。2 g样品经乙醇沉淀蛋白质后,转入鸡心瓶中旋转蒸发浓缩至0.5 mL左右,用乙酸铵定容,净化后检测。流动相为乙腈和0.1%甲酸水,梯度洗脱,经Luna 5u C8色谱柱分离,采用电喷雾电离,多反应监测负离子模式对克拉维酸进行定量分析。采用基质匹配法对奶中克拉维酸的含量进行标准校正,在克拉维酸含量为10～400 μg/kg范围内呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数大于0.999;奶中加标样品的检出限(LOD,按信噪比(S/N)≥3计)为10 μg/kg,定量限(LOQ, S/N≥10)为20 μg/kg。在定量限、1/2最高残留限量、最高残留限量、2倍最高残留限量添加水平下,奶中克拉维酸的平均回收率为80.00%～91.25%,相对标准偏差为5.60%～8.77%。该方法可用于奶中克拉维酸残留的分析检测。     

液相色谱-串联质谱法测定稻米中的草甘膦和氨甲基膦酸残留

采用液相色谱-串联质谱建立了稻米中草甘膦及氨甲基膦酸残留量的测定方法。试样经水提取和C18固相萃取柱净化后,在硼酸缓冲液中与9-芴甲基氯甲酸酯(FMOC-Cl)进行衍生反应。以5 mmol/L乙酸铵溶液(pH 9)和乙腈为流动相,草甘膦和氨甲基膦酸的衍生产物在C18柱进行液相色谱分离;质谱检测采用电喷雾负离子化模式和多反应监测模式。结果表明,草甘膦和氨甲基膦酸在0.00050～1.0 mg/L范围内线性良好,线性相关系数(r)分别为0.9997和0.9999。通过对空白大米样品进行3个加标水平的添加回收实验(n=5),草甘膦和氨甲基膦酸的平均回收率和相对标准偏差(RSD)分别为72.5%～113.6%和3.8%～16.2%,方法的检出限分别为2.0 μg/kg和3.0 μg/kg。该方法快速、灵敏,适用于稻米中草甘膦和氨甲基膦酸的同时分析。     

液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定化妆品中的25种喹诺酮类药物

建立了直接提取结合液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱同时测定化妆品中丹诺沙星、恩诺沙星、氟甲喹、恶喹酸、环丙沙星、沙拉沙星、萘啶酸、诺氟沙星、氧氟沙星等25种喹诺酮类药物的方法。样品经酸性乙腈提取和正己烷脱脂净化,采用Poroshell EC-C₁₈色谱柱分离,含0.1%甲酸的乙腈-水溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,电喷雾串联质谱正离子模式扫描,多反应监测(MRM)模式检测,外标法定量。实验通过空白基质液配制标准溶液,以降低基质对离子化干扰造成的基质效应,25种喹诺酮类药物在1~200 mg/kg范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(r)在0.999以上。方法的检出限为1.0 mg/kg,在1、5、10 mg/kg 3个加标水平下,水、乳、霜型化妆品中加标回收率为87.4%~105%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为4.54%~19.7%(n=6)。结果表明,该方法简便、快速、准确,适用于化妆品中25种喹诺酮类药物的测定。     

液相色谱-串联质谱法测定尿液中的内源性类固醇激素

建立了液相色谱-串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)测定尿液中的内源性类固醇激素的方法。尿样经葡萄糖醛酸甙酶酶解后进行液-液提取,以甲醇-0.1%甲酸缓冲液(含0.02 mol/L乙酸铵)(体积比为68:32)为流动相,采用Cosmosil C18色谱柱分离,并以三重四极杆串联质谱多反应监测扫描方式对尿样中的脱氢表雄酮(DHEA)、睾酮、表睾酮、雄酮和苯胆烷醇酮等5种激素进行检测。方法的最低检出限为0.01～10 ng/mL,平均回收率为96.7%～106.5%,日内和日间相对标准偏差(RSD)分别小于7%和11%。应用所建立的方法测定了健康志愿者口服DHEA后尿液中内源性类固醇激素的变化情况,结果表明该方法样品处理简便,色谱分离完全,结果准确可靠,可替代气相色谱-质谱法用于体液中内源性类固醇激素兴奋剂的常规分析。     

HPLC-MS-MS法测定水体中残留的氨基甲酸酯类农药

应用高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS-MS)联用技术,建立了检测水体中氨基甲酸酯类农药残留的方法。水样经氨基柱固相萃取,二氯甲烷洗脱,梯度流动相洗脱,电喷雾正离子(ESI+)模式采集、选择反应性监测模式(SRM)对定性、定量离子进行MS/MS测定。5种氨基甲酸酯类农药在5～200ng/L范围内线性关系良好,回收率为80%～92%,相对标准偏差均小于10%,方法检出限分别为:异丙威和仲丁威为1.4ng/L,克百威和甲萘威为1.5ng/L,恶虫威为1.6ng/L。该方法适用于水体中氨基甲酸酯类农药残留的检测。     

Determination of aflatoxins in olive oil by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric with electrospray ionization (LC/ESI-MS/MS) method for determining the four naturally occurring aflatoxins (AFs) B1, B2, G1, and G2 in olive oil is proposed. AFs were extracted from oil sample by means of matrix solid phase dispersion (MSPDE), utilizing C18 as dispersing material. No further purification step, such as lipid removal, was performed. Aflatoxin M1, the hepatic metabolite of AFB1, was employed as internal standard. Olive oil extract was analyzed by LC/ESI-MS/MS in positive ionization mode, with multireaction monitoring acquisition. Due to a signal suppression ranging between 4 and 23%, quantitation was performed by matrix-matched calibration curves. The regression line coefficients of determination were above 0.9991. Sample recoveries ranged from 92 to 107%, with relative standard deviations below 13% for spiking levels between 0.5 and 5 ng g⁻¹; method quantification limits ranged between 0.04 and 0.12 ng g⁻¹. The developed LC/ESI-MS/MS method, although not as sensitive as LC coupled to fluorescence detection, is rapid, selective, accurate and precise, thus it can be used as confirmatory assay. The MSPDE appears suitable for application to other oleaginous matrices and for multiresidue investigation.     

Analysis of p-chlorobenzoic acid in water by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

para-Chlorobenzoic acid (p-CBA) is typically used as a probe compound to indirectly quantify hydroxyl radicals formed during advanced oxidation processes used in drinking water and wastewater treatment. A method has been developed for the sensitive analysis of p-CBA in water using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). A reporting limit in water of 100 ng/L was determined for the method, which is 40-fold lower than the 4.0 microg/L reporting limit of the widely used liquid chromatography with UV detection (LC-UV) method. The method was found to be robust in difficult matrices such as wastewater and highly selective, unlike LC-UV which relies on non-specific detection at 234 nm. The detection of p-CBA below 1 microg/L during bench-scale ozonation of wastewater after hydrogen peroxide addition was demonstrated. Duplicate samples were analyzed by LC-MS/MS and LC-UV and results were found to be comparable at concentrations quantifiable by both methods.     

Determination of beta-agonists in liver and retina by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) method for the determination of bromobuterol, cimaterol, clenbuterol, clenpenterol, hydroxymethylclenbuterol, isoxsuprine, mabuterol, ractopamine, ritrodrine, salbutamol, terbutaline, and tulobuterol residues in bovine liver and retina is reported. This procedure uses enzymatic digestion, liquid-liquid extraction, and cleanup on Oasis HLB solid-phase extraction cartridges, followed by determination of the residues by LC-tandem quadrupole MS using atmospheric pressure chemical ionization in the positive ion mode. Overall average recoveries ranged from 23 to 76% for liver and 34 to 77% for retina. The mean values for samples fortified at levels between 0.5-2.0 microg/kg (liver) and 5-20 microg/kg (retina) agreed within 98-118% of the spiked levels, with coefficients of variation ranging from 6 to 20%. The decision limits, CCalpha, ranged from 0.1 to 0.3 microg/kg for liver, 1-3 microg/kg for retina, and detection capabilities, CCbeta, from 0.2-0.5 microg/kg for liver and 2-5 microg/kg for retina.     

Determination of flunixin and ketoprofen in milk by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

A relatively fast, simple and very selective liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS) method for the detection of flunixin, its 5-hydroxymetabolite and ketoprofen in raw milk has been developed and validated. After a simple extraction with acetonitrile and partial evaporation of the organic phase, the extract was filtered and directly injected into the LC-MS-MS system on a Symmetry C₁₈ column. The parent ions were selected for further fragmentation with argon. The method developed was partially validated according to Commission Decision 2002/657/EC [Commission Decision 2002/657/EC implementing Council Directive 96/23/EC concerning the performance of analytical methods and the interpretation of results]. The validation parameters were linearity, specificity, repeatability, recovery and decision limit (CCα). CCα varied from 0.5 μg kg⁻¹ for flunixin and 5-hydroxyflunixin to 1 μg kg⁻¹ for ketoprofen.Holstein-Friesian cows were given either Ketofen^® or Finadyne^® via an intravenous injection at the maximum dose as written in the instructions. Cows were milked twice a day and all samples were analysed by the method described. The highest concentrations found for ketoprofen, flunixin and 5-hydroxyflunixin were 2.5, 6.7 and 590 μg l⁻¹, respectively. The concentration of 5-hydroxyflunixin declined rapidly to concentrations below the MRL value of 40 μg l⁻¹. It can be concluded that the withdrawal time proposed by the pharmaceutical companies, 12 h after the last dosing, is acceptable for both compounds.     

液相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定水及鱼肉中的苯胺

为快速准确测定水及鱼肉中的苯胺,采用乙腈提取、高效液相色谱-串联质谱测定,建立了水及鱼肉中苯胺的快速测定方法。水样与乙腈以4：1的体积比混合,1.00 g鱼肉中加入2.00 mL乙腈,涡旋提取1 min,水样和鱼肉样品的提取液离心5 min后取上清液测定。以C₁₈柱为分离柱,乙腈-0.5%（v/v）甲酸水溶液（85：15,v/v）为流动相,目标物质在3 min内分离。在0.5~500 μg/L范围内,苯胺峰面积与内标峰面积之比与质量浓度的线性关系良好（R²>0.999）。基质加标试验结果表明,苯胺在水中的回收率分别为93.7%（加标水平为40 ng）和86.7% （加标水平为400 ng）,苯胺在鱼肉中的回收率分别为96.8%、 92.6%和81.8%（加标水平分别为5、50和500 ng）,相对标准偏差在1.5%~9.2%之间。水样和鱼肉样品中苯胺的检出限分别为0.50 μg/L和1.00 μg/kg,定量限分别为1.00 μg/L和2.00 μg/kg。应用该方法测定了从受苯胺污染的水库中采集的13份水样和12份鱼肉样品,结果表明,水和鱼肉中苯胺的最大含量分别为1943.6 μg/L和60.8 μg/kg。本方法快速、准确,适用于水和鱼肉中苯胺的快速测定。     

液相色谱-串联质谱法测定葡萄中链霉素和双氢链霉素

研究系统地优化了样品前处理过程及仪器分析中影响链霉素和双氢链霉素残留分析准确度与响应灵敏度的各主要因素,建立了葡萄中链霉素和双氢链霉素残留的快速精准定量分析方法。葡萄样品经磷酸溶液(pH=2)超声提取、Oasis HLB单固相萃取柱富集净化后,采用Waters HSS T3色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm, 1.8μm)分离,柱温35℃,进样量2μL,以0.1%甲酸水溶液-甲醇溶液(60∶40, v/v)为流动相进行等度洗脱,在正离子、电喷雾电离源多反应监测模式下测定,外标法定量。链霉素和双氢链霉素在2～400μg/L质量浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(R²)分别为0.999 1和0.999 7;在5、10、20和40μg/kg4个添加水平下的平均回收率为76.8%～91.9%,相对标准偏差为0.4%～10.2%;链霉素和双氢链霉素的检出限(LOD)为1μg/L,定量限(LOQ)为5μg/kg。为验证该方法的适用性,将方法适用于无籽红提、新郁葡萄、夏黑葡萄等实际样品中进行添加回收实验,链霉素和双氢链霉素的平均回收率分别为77.2%～83.9%和70.8%～78...     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定食品中曲酸

建立了食品中新型防腐剂曲酸的高效液相色谱-串联质谱的定量测定方法。动物禽肉、鱼虾甲壳类、酱菜类、水果蔬菜、面制品等固体样品经乙腈提取;酱及酱油、醋、酒、饮料、糖浆等液体样品经水稀释,乙酸锌和亚铁氰化钾沉淀蛋白;以C18柱为分离柱,流动相为乙腈和5 mmol/L乙酸铵甲酸溶液,采用电喷雾串联四极杆质谱进行检测。选择1个母离子和2个子离子进行选择反应监测,以13C6-曲酸作为内标,选择信号最强的子离子进行定量测定。固体类基质中的定量限(按信噪比(S/N)大于10计)为0.1 mg/kg;液体类基质中的定量限为2.5 mg/kg。在0.1～2.0 mg/L范围内呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数r＞0.99。各种基质在3个添加水平的平均回收率在72.6%～114%之间,相对标准偏差均小于11.4%。本方法简单实用,准确可靠,适用范围包括了食品中可能使用曲酸这种食品添加剂的大部分基质,可以满足进出口食品中曲酸的定性和定量要求。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定牛奶和奶粉中的三聚氰酸

建立了牛奶和奶粉中三聚氰酸(CYA)的高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)测定方法。样品用乙腈提取并沉淀蛋白,经强阴离子交换柱富集和净化,AX色谱柱分离,HPLC-MS/MS法测定,内标法定量。50～2000 μg/L范围内CYA的线性关系良好(r≥0.999);在奶粉和牛奶基质中,添加200、500和1000 μg/kg 3个添加水平的回收率均在97%～121%之间,相对标准偏差(RSD)均小于4.8%;定量限(LOQ)为200 μg/kg。方法的前处理快速简便,净化效果好,准确度和精密度高,可用于牛奶和奶粉中CYA的测定。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测三苯乙烯基苯酚聚氧乙烯醚

建立了高效液相色谱-串联质谱检测三苯乙烯基苯酚聚氧乙烯醚(tristyrylphenol ethoxylates,TSPn EO)的分析方法,并对TSPn EO在反相色谱柱(XBridge C_(18),150 mm×2.1 mm,3.5μm)、亲水相互作用色谱柱(XBridge HILIC,150 m m×2.1 m m,3.5μm)、氨基色谱柱(XBridge Amide,150 m m×2.1 m m,3.5μm)、伪反相色谱柱(C18柱(XBridge C_(18),50 mm×2.1 mm,5μm)与硅胶柱(Nova-Pak Silica,150 mm×2.1 mm,4μm)串联)4种不同液相色谱分离模式下的分离效果进行了研究。实验比较了5 mmol/L乙酸铵水-乙腈、0.1%(v/v)甲酸水-乙腈、水-乙腈和水-甲醇4种流动相组成及3种梯度洗脱条件对分离效果和灵敏度的影响。探讨了TSPnEO在电喷雾离子(ESI)源内的离子化特征,结果表明,在ESI正离子模式下,TSPnEO在离子源内形成[M+NH4]+离子,其聚合度的分布特征符合泊松分布。利用伪反相色谱柱,水-乙腈作为流动相,实现了不同聚合度(n=5~18)TSPnEO的分离。