超积累植物李氏禾叶细胞干粉对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附特性研究

借助拟合吸附动力学和等温热力学方程,研究了湿生超积累植物李氏禾叶细胞干粉对Cr(VI)的吸附性能.考察了pH值、吸附时间等多种因素对吸附性能的影响;利用扫捕电镜(SEM),X射线能谱(EDS)对李氏禾干粉表面形貌及元素分布进行了表征,结果表明,该吸附是单分子吸附的伪二级动力学过程,吸附过程包含两个步骤:Cr(VI)离子通过静电作用富集在十粉材料表面,随后干粉表面存在的功能配位官能团会与Cr(VI)发生化学作用.结合红外光谱图发现对铬起吸附作用的主要是含O,N功能原子的配位官能团,并且不同功能原子与Cr(VI)的作用方式不同.     

氨基功能化纳米Fe3O4磁性高分子吸附剂对废水中Cr(VI)的吸附研究

采用分散聚合法通过共聚、开环反应, 对纳米Fe3O4进行表面功能化修饰, 得到富含NH2官能团的纳米磁性高分子复合材料. 通过透射电镜(TEM)、振动样品磁强计(VSM)、热重差热分析(TGA)、X射线衍射(XRD)、红外光谱(IR)等对其进行表征, 着重研究了其作为吸附剂对Cr(VI)的吸附性能. 结果表明: 该吸附剂对Cr(VI)的吸附能在10 min内达到平衡; 废水溶液pH值能显著影响吸附剂对Cr(VI)的吸附效果, pH为2.5时效果最佳. 废水中Cr(VI)的初始浓度、吸附时间、温度等因素对吸附效果均有不同程度的影响. 结合相应pH值下Cr(VI)的形态分布, 探讨了这种新型材料对Cr(VI)的吸附机理. 结果表明: 其吸附机理及吸附容量与废水中Cr(VI)的离子形式有关; 吸附过程以离子交换与静电引力为主. 等温吸附数据符合Langmuir模型, T＝308 K, pH＝2.5, V＝40 mL时, 吸附剂的饱和吸附容量qm＝25.58 mg/g. 吸附为吸热过程, 焓变ΔH＝8.64 kJ/mol.     

多胺型阴离子交换纤维吸附铬(VI)的动力学

以聚丙烯腈纤维为原料, 采用化学改性法, 制备了多胺型阴离子交换纤维. 研究该纤维对Cr(VI)的吸附特性. 在研究的温度及浓度范围内, 该纤维对Cr(VI)吸附的平衡数据符合Langmuir和Freundlich吸附等温方程, 对Cr(VI)有较强的亲和力, 吸附反应易于进行. 重点研究了该纤维对Cr(VI)的吸附动力学特性, 分别采用Lagergren一级动力学方程、修正伪一级动力学方程、伪二级动力学方程和颗粒内扩散方程进行拟合, 计算相应的速率常数. 研究表明, 该吸附是一个快速吸附过程, 20 min即可接近吸附平衡, 吸附过程符合伪二级动力学方程, 以化学吸附为主, 该纤维能够多次反复对Cr(VI)进行吸附.     

四乙烯五胺功能化纳米高分子材料对Cr(VI)与磷酸盐共存体系的吸附机理

合成了四乙烯五胺功能化纳米高分子材料(TEPA-NP),采用傅里叶变换红外光谱分析(FTIR)、有机元素分析(EA)、X射线光电子能谱分析(XPS)等手段对其进行了表征,重点考察了其对水中Cr(VI)与磷酸根离子共存时的吸附机理.结果表明,溶液p H对TEPA-NP的吸附性能影响较大.对于Cr(VI)或磷酸盐单一体系,p H 2.5时TEPA-NP的吸附效果最佳;吸附热力学均符合Langmuir模型,吸附动力学均符合准二级速率方程.TEPA-NP对Cr(VI)的饱和吸附量为123.5 mg/g;吸附过程为吸热熵增的自发过程,ΔH为16.06 k J/mol,ΔS为59.02 J/(mol K),308 K时ΔG为-2.10 k J/mol;吸附活化能为30.28 k J/mol.TEPA-NP对磷酸盐的饱和吸附量为149.2 mg/g;吸附过程为放热熵增的自发过程,ΔH为-1.74 k J/mol,ΔS为1.91J/(mol K),308 K时ΔG为-2.32 k J/mol;吸附活化能为18.85 k J/mol.当磷酸盐的共存浓度小于100 mg/L时,磷酸盐对TEPA-NP吸附Cr(VI)几乎没有影响;而当Cr(VI)的共存浓度大于5 mg/L时,Cr(VI)对TEPA-NP吸附磷酸盐的影响已较为明显,可使TEPA-NP吸附磷酸盐的饱和吸附量减小17.3%;结合红外和XPS表征可以推测TEPA-NP对Cr(VI)的吸附涉及静电与配位相互作用,而对磷酸盐以静电吸附为主;Cr(VI)与磷酸盐共存时,TEPA-NP优先吸附Cr(VI).Cr(VI)可以通过竞争取代吸附在TEPA-NP上的磷酸根,且随着Cr(VI)初始浓度增大,TEPA-NP上吸附的总磷脱附的比例增大;而磷酸根对Cr(VI)的竞争吸附较难实现.     

谷壳对水中Cr(Ⅵ)离子的生物吸附研究

以间歇吸附的方式考察农业副产物谷壳对模拟废水中Cr(Ⅵ)离子的生物吸附过程,用扫描电镜(SEM)、红外光谱(FTIR)分析谷壳的表面形态和表面官能团结构及其变化,探讨其吸附机理。结果表明,吸附反应符合Langmuir和Freunlich等温吸附模式、遵循拟二级动力学模型,Cr(VI)离子的最大去除率几乎可以达到100%,吸附过程包括物理吸附和化学吸附。用0.2mol/L的NaOH溶液解吸再生的谷壳,吸附能力增加,可以循环使用。     

活性炭纤维电吸附重金属及磺胺甲恶唑性能研究

使用盐酸对吸附剂活性炭纤维（activated carbon fiber,ACF）进行改性,通过SEM、BET和FTIR对改性前后的ACF形貌及结构进行系统表征发现,改性后ACF较改性前表面杂质减少且沟壑更加明显,比表面积提高22%,微孔体积增加5%,含氧官能团（C-O和C=O）明显增多. 以水中重金属离子（Zn(II)及Cr(VI)）和抗生素磺胺甲恶唑（Sulfamethoxazole,SMX）为目标污染物,研究改性后ACF对目标污染物的吸附（静吸附和电吸附）性能,考察了浓度、pH、外加电压对吸附的影响. 结果表明,ACF用量为5 g,电压为1.2 V,Zn(II)、Cr(VI)及SMX浓度均为10 mg·L^-1,Zn(II)溶液pH为5时,ACF吸附水中Zn(II)的最大吸附量为9.25 mg·g^-1,是静吸附条件的2.15倍;Cr(VI)溶液pH为4时,ACF吸附Cr(VI)的最大吸附量为8.86 mg·g^-1,是静吸附条件的1.96倍;SMX溶液pH为6时,ACF吸附SMX的最大吸附量为8.32 mg·g^-1,是静吸附条件的1.84倍. ACF吸附Zn(II)、Cr(VI)及SMX的动力学曲线均符合准二级动力学模型,吸附过程为化学吸附. Freundlich等温模型能更好地描述ACF对Zn(II)、Cr(VI)及SMX的吸附特性,其吸附形式为多分子层吸附. ACF通过电极反接方式进行循环再生,脱附速率快且脱附效果明显,经4次循环再生后,ACF对Zn(II)、Cr(VI)及SMX的去除率均在90%以上.     

超支化胶原纤维吸附剂对Cr(VI)的吸附特性和机理研究

超支化聚合物改性胶原纤维(CF-HBPN)作为吸附剂处理含Cr(VI)模拟废水,研究了CF-HBPN吸附Cr(VI)时溶液pH、吸附剂用量和Cr(VI)初始浓度等对去除效率的影响;采用XPS,SEM-EDS等分析检测方法对CF-HBPN表面组成和结构进行表征,探索吸附机理.结果显示:CF-HBPN对Cr(VI)的去除率随溶液pH降低而升高,在pH为3.0时达到最大,随吸附剂用量增大而增大,随Cr(VI)初始浓度增加而减小.CF-HBPN对Cr(VI)的吸附容量随吸附剂用量增加而减小,随Cr(VI)初始浓度增加而增加,最后趋于稳定.30℃时,4.0 g L-1的CF-HBPN对50 mg L-1Cr(VI)溶液的去除率可达99.57%,最大吸附容量为38.94 mg g-1.0.18 mol L-1的NaOH溶液对吸附Cr(VI)后的CF-HBPN解吸效果最好.SEM-EDS分析结果表明CF-HBPN表面较粗糙,是一种具有空间网状结构的材料,吸附过程存在离子交换.XPS分析结果表明Cr(VI)主要吸附在CF-HBPN表面,铬酸根阴离子与质子化氨基的静电吸附作用为主要吸附作用.     

不同晶面Cu2O光催化还原Cr（VI）的性能

Cr(VI)具有高毒性和强诱变致癌性,且能稳定存在于自然界中,对人类和自然环境危害极大.而容易沉淀和吸附在固体上的Cr(III)毒性较小,约为Cr(VI)的千分之一.因此,将Cr(VI)还原为Cr(III)是处理含铬废水的有效途径.光催化还原是一种环境友好的新型技术,基于可见光的催化还原处理含Cr(VI)废水能够在常温常压下进行,具有经济、高效、清洁和无二次污染等特点而受到广泛关注.采用适宜的晶面生长控制剂,调变不同晶面的相对生长速率,可制得暴露不同晶面、具有多种形貌的Cu2O.将这些具有不同晶面的Cu2O用于光催化氧化降解有机污染物的研究表明, Cu2O的光催化氧化性能与其所暴露的晶面密切相关,其表面残留的用作晶面生长控制剂的表面活性剂对其催化性能有重要影响.相对而言,将Cu2O用于光催化还原Cr(VI)的研究较少,关于晶面导向剂油酸对其光催化还原Cr(VI)性能的影响尚未见报道.
　　本文采用液相法,首先合成了仅暴露Cu2O{100}晶面的立方体(Cub),进而通过控制晶面导向剂油酸的用量,制得仅外露Cu2O{111}晶面的八面体(OctO)和仅暴露Cu2O{110}晶面的十二面体(RhdO),继而再将OctO和RhdO在C3H6-O2等混合气中于215 oC处理30 min,通过此温和氧化除去表面油酸,获得了具有洁净表面的八面体(Oct)和十二面体(Rhd)的Cu2O.采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)等技术对其物性特征进行了表征.在LED可见光辐照下,对比评价了具有不同晶面的Cu2O光催化还原Cr(VI)的性能,研究了暴露晶面及晶面导向剂油酸等对Cu2O光催化还原Cr(VI)的影响.
　　XRD研究表明,采用液相法及温和氧化处理可制得纯相的Cu2O,其XRD图中无Cu及CuO等杂峰出现. SEM观测结果表明,所得Cu2O样品形貌均一性较好,采用丙烯选择氧化去除表面油酸后, Cu2O的形貌无明显改变,仅其外表面略有粗化. FT-IR分析进一步说明,去除表面油酸后,其物相仍为Cu2O,没有出现CuO的红外特征吸收.
　　动力学研究结果显示, Cu2O光催化还原Cr(VI)具有准一级反应动力学特征,晶面导向剂油酸的存在能够在一定程度上减缓光腐蚀和酸腐蚀,有助于较长时间内保持Cu2O光催化还原活性,而对Cu2O光催化速率没有影响.以单位比表面积速率常数为比活性指标,不同晶面Cu2O光催化还原Cr(VI)的活性次序为{111}>{110}>{100}. Cu2O不同晶面的原子配位情况差异明显,且{100}晶面的表面能较低,由此可较好解释具有不同晶面Cu2O光催化还原Cr(VI)活性的不同.八面体Cu2O的{111}面上同时存在配位饱和与配位不饱和Cu,而菱形十二面体Cu2O的{110}面上只有配位饱和Cu,立方体Cu2O的{100}面上只有配位不饱和O.相对于Cu2O的{100}晶面,具有更高表面自由能的{111}和{110}晶面易于产生光生电子-空穴对,从而表现出较{100}晶面更高的光催化活性.而Cu2O{111}晶面表现出更高光催化活性的原因可能是： Cu2O{111}晶面上存在的不饱和Cu可作为活性位点,在某种程度上有利于光生电子-空穴对分离,减少光生电子-空穴对复合,从而提高光催化还原速率.     

不同晶面Cu_2O光催化还原Cr(VI)的性能（英文）

Cr(VI)具有高毒性和强诱变致癌性,且能稳定存在于自然界中,对人类和自然环境危害极大.而容易沉淀和吸附在固体上的Cr(III)毒性较小,约为Cr(VI)的千分之一.因此,将Cr(VI)还原为Cr(III)是处理含铬废水的有效途径.光催化还原是一种环境友好的新型技术,基于可见光的催化还原处理含Cr(VI)废水能够在常温常压下进行,具有经济、高效、清洁和无二次污染等特点而受到广泛关注.采用适宜的晶面生长控制剂,调变不同晶面的相对生长速率,可制得暴露不同晶面、具有多种形貌的Cu2O.将这些具有不同晶面的Cu2O用于光催化氧化降解有机污染物的研究表明,Cu2O的光催化氧化性能与其所暴露的晶面密切相关,其表面残留的用作晶面生长控制剂的表面活性剂对其催化性能有重要影响.相对而言,将Cu2O用于光催化还原Cr(VI)的研究较少,关于晶面导向剂油酸对其光催化还原Cr(VI)性能的影响尚未见报道.本文采用液相法,首先合成了仅暴露Cu2O{100}晶面的立方体(Cub),进而通过控制晶面导向剂油酸的用量,制得仅外露Cu2O{111}晶面的八面体(OctO)和仅暴露Cu2O{110}晶面的十二面体(Rhd O),继而再将OctO和Rhd O在C3H6-O2等混合气中于215o C处理30 min,通过此温和氧化除去表面油酸,获得了具有洁净表面的八面体(Oct)和十二面体(Rhd)的Cu2O.采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)等技术对其物性特征进行了表征.在LED可见光辐照下,对比评价了具有不同晶面的Cu2O光催化还原Cr(VI)的性能,研究了暴露晶面及晶面导向剂油酸等对Cu2O光催化还原Cr(VI)的影响.XRD研究表明,采用液相法及温和氧化处理可制得纯相的Cu2O,其XRD图中无Cu及Cu O等杂峰出现.SEM观测结果表明,所得Cu2O样品形貌均一性较好,采用丙烯选择氧化去除表面油酸后,Cu2O的形貌无明显改变,仅其外表面略有粗化.FT-IR分析进一步说明,去除表面油酸后,其物相仍为Cu2O,没有出现CuO的红外特征吸收.动力学研究结果显示,Cu2O光催化还原Cr(VI)具有准一级反应动力学特征,晶面导向剂油酸的存在能够在一定程度上减缓光腐蚀和酸腐蚀,有助于较长时间内保持Cu2O光催化还原活性,而对Cu2O光催化速率没有影响.以单位比表面积速率常数为比活性指标,不同晶面Cu2O光催化还原Cr(VI)的活性次序为{111}{110}{100}.Cu2O不同晶面的原子配位情况差异明显,且{100}晶面的表面能较低,由此可较好解释具有不同晶面Cu2O光催化还原Cr(VI)活性的不同.八面体Cu2O的{111}面上同时存在配位饱和与配位不饱和Cu,而菱形十二面体Cu2O的{110}面上只有配位饱和Cu,立方体Cu2O的{100}面上只有配位不饱和O.相对于Cu2O的{100}晶面,具有更高表面自由能的{111}和{110}晶面易于产生光生电子-空穴对,从而表现出较{100}晶面更高的光催化活性.而Cu2O{111}晶面表现出更高光催化活性的原因可能是:Cu2O{111}晶面上存在的不饱和Cu可作为活性位点,在某种程度上有利于光生电子-空穴对分离,减少光生电子-空穴对复合,从而提高光催化还原速率.     

不同复合体系对含钛高炉渣光催化还原Cr(VI)影响

采用煅烧的硫酸盐掺杂的含钛高炉渣(sulfate-modified titanium-bearing blast furnace slag,STBBFS)作为光催化剂,研究了Cr(VI)-柠檬酸[Cr(VI)-CA]复合体系和Cr(VI)-柠檬酸-硝酸铁[Cr(VI)-CA-FN]复合体系对STBBFS催化剂光催化活性的影响.结果表明:酸性条件下,不同复合体系对STBBFS催化剂光催化活性的促进作用按Cr(VI)-CA-FN复合体系>Cr(VI)-CA复合体系>Cr(VI)单一体系增强.Cr(VI)-CA复合体系在pH=2.5,反应50 min后STBBFS催化剂光催化活性为0.426 mg·min-1·g-1时将溶液中的Cr(VI)全部还原;而Cr(VI)-CA-FN复合体系在pH=2.5,反应16 min后STBBFS催化剂光催化活性为1.2425 mg·min-1·g-1时将溶液中的Cr(VI)全部还原.两种复合体系中,Cr(VI)离子的光催化还原过程都遵循L-H动力学规律,虽然加入CA和FN后,降低了吸附对光催化还原Cr(VI)的影响,但是Cr(VI)吸附至催化剂表面仍然是整个反应过程的关键.     

Biosorption of Cr(VI) from Water Using Biomass of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Aeromonas hydrophila</Emphasis>: Central Composite Design for Optimization of Process Variables

The potential use of biomass of Aeromonas hydrophila for biosorption of chromium from aqueous solution was investigated. The variables (pH, initial Cr(VI) concentration, biomass dose, and temperature) affecting process were optimized by performing minimum number of experimental runs with the help of central composite design. The results predicted by design were found to be in good agreement (R ² = 99.1%) with those obtained by performing experiments. Multiple regression analysis shows that uptake decreases with increase in pH and biomass dose, whereas it increases with increase in temperature and concentration. The maximum removal of Cr(VI) predicted by contour and optimization plots was 184.943 mg/g at pH 1.5, initial Cr(VI) concentration 311.97 mg/L, temperature 60 °C, and biomass dose 1.0 g. The removal of Cr(VI) was governed by adsorption of Cr(VI) as well as its reduction into Cr(III), which further gets adsorbed. The sorption capacity of biomass was calculated from experimental data using Langmuir sorption model and was found to be 151.50 mg/g at 40 °C and pH 1.5, which is comparable to other biosorbents. In addition to this, Dubinin–Radushkevich model was applied, and it was found that nature of sorption was chemisorption.     

Ultrasound-assisted preparation and characterization of crystalline cellulose-ionic liquid blend polymeric material: a prelude to the study of its application toward the effective adsorption of chromium

The molecular interaction of biopolymers with an array of substrates offers interesting insight into the adsorption phenomenon. The present work proposes the preparation and characterization of cellulose-methyltrioctylammonium chloride (MeTOACl)-a room temperature ionic liquid (IL) blend polymeric sorbent and its application for the adsorption of carcinogenic chromium(VI). The blend adsorbent material was synthesized in a relatively green solvent (methylisobutylketone) medium by ultrasonication. The mechanism of interaction of biopolymer with the ionic liquid could be conceptualized as electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bonding, and Van der Waals force of attraction with the hydroxyl groups of cellulose as a bilayer assembly. The composition, crystallinity, and the surface area of the prepared material were comprehensively characterized using FT-IR, solid-state (13)C NMR, TGA, XRD, SEM, EDX, XPS, and BET isotherm study. The adsorption capacity of chromium(VI) calculated from Langmuir isotherm model was found to be 38.94 mg g(-1) with adherence to the second-order kinetics. The study of thermodynamic parameters that affect the sorption process indicated the spontaneity and exothermic nature of adsorption. The green aspect in the methodology is brought out in the regeneration of the adsorbent, where Cr(VI) could be effectively reduced to the less toxic Cr(III) using ascorbic acid.     

Thermodynamic analysis of sorption isotherms of chromium(VI) anionic species on reed biomass

A new sorbent material for removing Cr(VI) anionic species from aqueous solutions has been investigated. Adsorption equilibrium and thermodynamics of Cr(VI) anionic species onto reed biomass were studied at different initial concentrations, sorbent concentrations, pH levels, temperatures, and ionic strength. Equilibrium isotherm was analyzed by Langmuir model. The experimental sorption data fit the model very well. The maximum sorption capacity of Cr(VI) onto reed biomass was found to be 33 mg · g^?1. It was noted that the Cr(VI) adsorption by reed biomass decreased with increase in pH. An increase in temperature resulted in a higher Cr(VI) loading per unit weight of the adsorbent. Removal of Cr(VI) by reed biomass seems to be mainly by chemisorption. The change in entropy (ΔS^°) and heat of adsorption (ΔH^°) for Cr(VI) adsorption on reed biomass were estimated as 2205 kJ · kg^?1 · K^?1 and 822 kJ · kg^?1, respectively. The values of isosteric heat of adsorption varied with the surface loading of Cr(VI).     

Enhanced Cu(II) and Cr(VI) biosorption capacity on poly(ethylenimine) grafted aerobic granular sludge

The biosorption characteristics of cations and anions from aqueous solution using polyethylenimine (PEI) modified aerobic granules were investigated. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis exhibit the presence of PEI on the granule surface. Compared with the raw granule, the modified aerobic granules with PEI showed a significant increase in sorption capacity for both metal ions. The monolayer biosorption capacity of granules for Cu(II) and Cr(VI) ions was found to be 71.239 and 348.125mg/g. The optimum solution pH for adsorption of Cu(II) and Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions was found to be 6 and 5.2, respectively. The biosorption data fitted better with the Redlich-Peterson isotherm model. FTIR showed chemical interactions occurred between the metal ions and the amide groups of PEI on the biomass surface. XPS results verified the presence of Cr(III) on the biomass surface, suggesting that some Cr(VI) anions were reduced to Cr(III) during the sorption.     

Thermodynamics of Chromium(VI) Anionic Species Sorption onto Surfactant-Modified Montmorillonite Clay

Batch sorption experiments performed on Cr(VI) species sorption showed a significantly enhanced removal of inorganic hexavalent chromium anionic species from aqueous solution by montmorillonite clays modified with quaternary amine, hexadecyltrimethylammonium (HDTMA) bromide. Unmodified clay had no affinity for chromium(VI) species. The sorption of Cr(VI) species has been carried out as a function of pH, contact time, adsorbate concentration (4.14x10(-5) to 8.62x10(-3) M), and temperature (5-45 degrees C). The surfactant-modified clay surface was stable when exposed to extremes in pH. The optimum pH for maximum sorption of Cr(VI) species was found to be at pH 1 and was constant between pH 2 and pH 6. The sorption data obtained was well described by DKR and Langmuir sorption isotherms. Sorption energy (E) for (i) surfactant sorption by montmorillonite clay and (ii) sorption of chromium(VI) species by surfactant modified clay have been computed from the DKR equation. Sorption energy evaluated for the sorption of both surfactant and Cr(VI) species showed that an ion-exchange mechanism was operative. The mechanism of retention appears to be replacement of counterion of the surfactant by Cr(VI) anionic species. Adsorbent capacity for the sorption of Cr(VI) species has been evaluated from the Langmuir sorption isotherm data. Thermodynamic parameters (Delta H degrees, Delta S degrees and Delta G degrees ) for surfactant sorption on montmorillonite clay and Cr(VI) sorption by modified clay have been evaluated. The specific rate constant for sorption of Cr(VI) species on modified montmorillonite was rapid during the first 10 min and equilibrium was found to be attained within 30 min. The sorption of Cr(VI) species onto modified montmorillonite clay followed first-order rate kinetics. Copyright 2000 Academic Press.     

The use of solution microcalorimetry to evaluate chemically modified fish scales as a viable adsorbent for heavy metals

Here, we report for the first time the direct and simultaneous determination of kinetic and energetic parameters of Cr(VI) sorption on chemically modified fish scales (GA-scale) using solution microcalorimetry. Characterization has suggested that electrostatic interactions between scales collagen positive charges and chromate negative charges constitute the majority of the interactions. The microcalorimetric kinetic data of Cr(VI) sorption on GA-scale were successful adjusted to a three-parameter exponential function. The enthalpies of Cr(VI) sorption on GA-scale are highly exothermic (from −226.43 to −183.79 kJ mol⁻¹), and Cr(VI) interaction energies decrease as initial Cr(VI) in solution increases. The kinetic and thermodynamic from solution microcalorimetry results suggest that the interactions GA-scale/Cr(VI) occur mainly by surface reactions. The maximum adsorption capacity of GA-scale for Cr(VI) was found to be comparable with some commercial adsorbent samples.     

含偕胺肟基纤维对铬离子吸附性能的初步研究

本文制备了一种含胺肟基鳌合纤维,研究了纤维对六价铬吸附性能的影响因素,结果表明,纤维能将六价铬还原为三价铬,吸附量与温度、时间、溶液ｐＨ值有关,在ｐＨ值为２时,纤维对铬的吸附量最大．     

Adsorption-reduction performance of tea waste and rice husk biochars for Cr(VI) elimination from wastewater

In the current study tea waste and rice husk biochars were used for the elimination of Cr(VI) from wastewater with the objectives to study the effect of pH (3–10), shaking time (0.016–24 h), sorbent dose (0.1–1.3 g L⁻¹) and initial concentration of Cr(VI) (10–250 mg L⁻¹). The Cr(VI) sorption was studied under various factors in which solution pH played a main role and at pH 5.2, maximum 99.3% and 96.8% Cr(VI) were removed by tea waste biochar (TWB) and rice husk biochar (RHB), respectively. In comparison, 197.5 mg g⁻¹ and 195.24 mg g⁻¹ Cr(VI) were sorbed by TWB and RHB, respectively with 120 mg L⁻¹ initial Cr(VI) concentration. In contact time study, after 2 h, equilibrium was achieved for both biochars which indicated that the Cr(VI) elimination from aqueous medium is a fast process. Kinetic and isotherm modeling data showed that pseudo-second order model and Langmuir (monolayer sorption) models provided the best fit for sorption of Cr(VI) onto both biochars. The –OH, COO– and –NH₂ functional groups were involved in the sorption of Cr(VI) onto biochars according to FTIR. Biochars produced from both biomass effectively removed Cr(VI) from polluted water, however in comparison sorption capacity of TWB was slightly higher than RHB. It was concluded that TWB and RHB could provide a cost-effective and viable option for elimination of Cr(VI) from wastewater.     

Facial Synthesis of Adsorbent from Hemicelluloses for Cr(VI) Adsorption

It is challenging work to develop a low-cost, efficient, and environmentally friendly Cr(VI) adsorbent for waste water treatment. In this paper, we used hemicelluloses from chemical fiber factory waste as the raw material, and prepared two kinds of carbon materials by the green hydrothermal method as adsorbent for Cr(VI). The results showed that hemicelluloses hydrothermally treated with citric acid (HTC) presented spherical shapes, and hemicelluloses hydrothermally treated with ammonia solution (HTC-NH₂) provided spongy structures. The adsorption capacity of the samples can be obtained by the Langmuir model, and the adsorption kinetics could be described by the pseudo-second-order model at pH 1.0. The maximum adsorption capacity of HTC-NH₂ in the Langmuir model is 74.60 mg/g, much higher than that of HTC (61.25 mg/g). The green hydrothermal treatment of biomass with ammonia solution will provide a simple and feasible way to prepare adsorbent for Cr(VI) in waste water treatment.