KOH活化废弃麻制备活性炭及其结构表征

以日常生活中废弃麻纺品为原料, KOH为活化剂, 采用炭化和活化两步法制备麻质活性炭(LAC). 采用比表面积测定仪在77 K下测定其N2吸附-脱附等温线, 通过Langmuir方程、BET方程和BJH法计算其比表面积、孔体积和孔径分布. 结果表明, 麻质活性炭的BET比表面积为1387.473 m2/g, Langmuir比表面积为1790.573 m2/g, 吸附累积总孔容达0.415 cm3/g; 采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射分析仪以及红外光谱仪对麻质活性炭的结构进行了表征, 分析其表面形貌、微观结构及表面化学官能团.     

KOH活化糠醛渣制备活性炭及其表征

以糠醛渣为原料、KOH为活化剂,采用两步活化法制备了活性炭。考察了活化温度、活化时间、碱炭比和浸渍时间对活性炭孔结构及吸附性能的影响。采用低温N2吸附、BET、BJH及DFT理论对活性炭孔结构进行了表征分析,利用傅里叶变换红外-拉曼光谱仪检测其表面官能团,分别使用扫描电镜和X射线衍射对其进行表观形貌观察和晶型分析。结果表明,制备活性炭的最佳工艺条件为:活化温度800℃、活化时间3h、碱炭比3∶1、浸渍时间12h。所制备的糠醛渣活性炭的吸附孔径分布集中,吸附孔容为0.8825cm2/g,DFT总比表面积为3290.5m2/g,其碘吸附值和亚甲基蓝吸附值分别为2107.32mg/g和39.67mL/0.1g。     

KOH活化木屑生物炭制备活性炭及其表征

以木屑热裂解的生物质炭为原料,氢氧化钾为活化剂,采用化学活化法制备活性炭,探讨了碱炭比、活化温度和活化时间对活性炭吸附亚甲基蓝吸附值的影响。 利用N2吸附实验、XRD和FTIR等实验技术,对原料与制备活性炭的结构与性能进行了表征。 结果表明,在碱炭质量比为1.5、活化温度750 ℃、活化时间2 h的条件下,所制备的活性炭对亚甲基蓝吸附值为255 mg/g,BET总比表面积为1514 m2/g,中孔比表面积为110 m2/g,吸附总孔容为0.821 cm3/g,中孔孔容为0.117 cm3/g,吸附平均孔径为2.170 nm。     

由稻壳制备高比表面积活性炭

以稻壳为原料,KOH为活化剂制备了高比表面积活性炭,其比表面积超过3000m₂/g,且孔径均一,孔分布较窄.     

糠醛渣热解特性的研究

以糠醛渣为研究对象,应用热重分析法,以高纯氮气为载气对其进行了详细的热重分析试验。结果表明糠醛渣热解随温度升高经历五个不同阶段,表现了糠醛渣热解的复杂性。通过对5 ℃/min、20 ℃/min、50 ℃/min和80 ℃/min的升温速率及不同粒径下的失重曲线进行的对比表明,随着升温速率和粒径的增大,糠醛渣热解的初始温度增大,热解向高温侧移动。最后根据实验数据建立了热解动力学模型,并对数学模型进行了求解,得到了糠醛渣热解反应的动力学参数,表明糠醛渣热解属三级反应。     

推荐一个绿色基础化学实验——糠醛废渣制备高比表面积活性炭

基础化学实验的“绿色化”是高校化学实验教学发展的必然趋势。以工业废弃物糠醛废渣为原料,以磷酸为活化剂,制备出具有较高比表面积和较强吸附能力的活性炭,并将变废为宝的绿色化学理念融合于基础化学实验教学之中。     

糠醛渣对气化煤灰熔融特性影响的研究

本研究选择一种典型糠醛渣和两种硅铝比(Si/Al)不同的气化煤,考察配入糠醛渣对两种气化煤灰熔融温度的影响,利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)分析了不同温度下灰渣的矿物质变化规律,采用热力学计算软件FactSage计算了平衡状态下的物相变化。研究结果表明,随着糠醛渣配比的增加,两种气化煤灰的熔融温度均呈现先增加后降低的趋势,其中,高硅铝比的气化煤灰增加趋势更显著。配入糠醛渣后气化灰渣难熔相由钙长石(CaAl₂Si₂O₈)变为白榴石(KAlSi₂O₆),白榴石(KAlSi₂O₆)在1300℃仍以固相形式存在,导致灰熔融温度升高。硅铝比高的气化煤灰的SiO₂相对含量高,其与糠醛渣中的K₂O反应生成更多高熔点的白榴石(KAlSi₂O₆),导致其熔融温度升高趋势更显著。随着糠醛渣配比的继续增加,共气化灰渣中K₂O含量增加,灰渣中形成低熔点的钾...     

载银活性炭的制备与表征

在活性炭上负载银离子,制备具有抗菌性能的吸附材料载银活性炭.首先,优选了分散剂的种类为聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP),得出PVP:银离子最佳质量比为1:1;其次,探讨了在不同碳化温度下改性活性炭载银量,未经碳化处理时载银量为17.09％,碳化温度为500℃时,载银量为18.24％;碳化温度800℃时,载银量增加到18.61％...     

多巴胺改性活性炭材料的制备与表征

采用多巴胺对活性炭进行改性,并对改性样品进行表征.优选实验得出当Ag+浓度为0.08 mol·L-1时,载银活性炭银流失速率最慢.条件实验得出多巴胺改性活性炭制备最佳条件为:多巴胺和活性炭质量比为1:6,反应pH为8.5.改性后活性炭表面酸性和碱性基团数量均大于未改性活性炭,其中碱性基团数量增加了1.71 mmol·g...     

铁催化活化制备沥青基球状活性炭中孔形成机理的研究

利用XPS、XRD、SEM和穆斯堡尔光谱 (MES)等手段分析了掺杂铁制得的中孔沥青基球状活性炭中铁的形态变化、中孔形貌等 ,并在此基础上提出了掺杂铁沥青基球状活性炭中孔的形成机理。     

KOH Direct Activation for Preparing Activated Carbon Fiber from Polyacrylonitrile-based Pre-oxidized Fiber

The activated carbon fiber（ACF） was prepared from polyacrylonitrile-based pre-oxidized fiber（PANOF） by KOH direct activation. The influence of activation conditions including impregnation ratio（the mass ratio of PANOF to KOH）, activation temperature and activation time on the pore structure and electrochemical properties of ACF was investigated, and the corresponding activation mechanism was proposed. The ACF prepared at an activation temperature of 800℃ and an impregnation ratio（the mass ratio of PANOF to KOH） of 1：2 for an activation time of 1 b in 6 mol/L KOH solution exhibits a specific surface area of 3029 m^2/g, a mesoporosity of 84.2% and a specific capacitance of 288 F/g, and shows a good capacitive performance. The prepared ACF can be used as the electrode material for supercapacitors.     

Preparation and Characterization of Activated Carbon Fiber from Paper

Activated carbon fibers (ACFS) with surface area of 1388 m²/g prepared from paper by chemical activation with KOH has been utilized as the adsorbent for the removal of methy-lene blue from aqueous solution. The experimental data were analyzed by Langmuir and Freundlich models of adsorption. The effects of pH value on the adsorption capacity of ACFS were also investigated. The rates of adsorption were found to conform to the kinetic model of Pseudo-second-order equation with high values of the correlation coefficients (R>0.998). The Langmuir isotherm was found to fit the experimental data better than the Feundlich isotherm over the whole concentration range. Maximum adsorption capacity of 520 mg/g at equilibrium was achieved. It was found that pH played a major role in the adsorption process, higher pH value favored the adsorption of MB.     

Preparation of Activated Carbon from Sawdust by ZnCl2 Activation

Activated carbon is a remarkable adsorbent with high specific surface area and adsorption capacity, and has been widely used in industries and environmental protection. How to develop new type techniques of activated carbon production and prepare high adsorption capacity products are important.     

Preparation and Characterization of Activated Carbon from Sesame Seed Shells by Microwave and Conventional Heating with Zinc Chloride Activation

The preparation of activated carbon from sesame shells as raw precursor was investigated in the study by sequentially applying microwave and conventional heating methods assisted by zinc chloride activation. The optimizisation of experimental parameters including microwave power, microwave treatment time, conventional activation time, conventional activation temperature and zinc chloride concentration ratio for the microwave and conventional heating method was performed. The characterization of the prepared activated carbon was done by thermogravimetric and differential thermal measurements, infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and specific surface area analyses. The maximum surface area of 1254?m²/g for the prepared activated carbon was obtained at a microwave power of 750?W, a microwave treatment time of 20?min, an activation time of 45?min, an activation temperature of 500°C and zinc chloride concentration ratio of 1:1. Methylene blue and iodine adsorption capacities for the prepared activated carbon were 103 and 1199?mg/g, respectively.     

氢氧化钾活化制备超级电容器多孔碳电极材料

具有高比表面积、良好导电性的多孔碳材料在超级电容器中有着广泛的应用前景. 大量的研究工作致力于通过物理或者化学手段合成并调控多孔材料的微观结构. 在众多多孔碳材料的制备方式中,氢氧化钾作为一种高效的活化剂,常用于制备具有良好孔径分布和高比表面积多孔碳电极材料. 本文主要结合作者课题组的研究工作,着重概述利用氢氧化钾活化sp²碳纳米材料制备多孔碳材料的机理过程、结构形貌的转变以及所得材料的电化学性能,希望对发展新型的高性能基多孔碳材料的超级电容器电极材料有所帮助.     

超级电容器用含氮碳与含氮碳/炭气凝胶复合电极材料的制备和性能研究

采用原位聚合法合成聚苯胺(PAIN)及聚苯胺/炭气凝胶(PAIN/CA)复合材料,经过高温裂解制备含氮碳(NC)及含氮碳/炭气凝胶复合材料(NC/CA),再以KOH为活化剂对其进行活化,制备活化含氮碳(ANC)及活化含氮碳/炭气凝胶复合材料(ANC/CA)。采用扫描电镜、循环伏安、恒流充放电以及电化学阻抗等方法进行性能测试,结果表明,由于KOH的活化作用,含氮碳材料的粒径明显变小,其比电容值为138 F/g,高于未活化含氮碳材料(98 F/g),ANC/AC3复合材料电极的比电容值比ACA电极(88 F/g)高,达到127 F/g。     

多微孔活性炭的制备及对二甲苯的吸附研究

研究了以木质活性炭颗粒为原料,通过KOH再活化的方法制备多微孔活性炭的方法。考察了活性炭和KOH的最佳质量比例,并通过低温氮吸附、SEM、XRD等手段表征了样品的比表面、孔结构、孔分布、颗粒形貌和晶体结构;通过对含间二甲苯50mg.L-1的气流的吸附实验表征了所制备活性炭的二甲苯去除能力,实验结果表明,经过KOH再活化显著调高了样品的间二甲苯吸附容量,这很可能和样品中发达的微孔结构有关。     

多微孔活性炭的制备及对二甲苯的吸附研究

研究了以木质活性炭颗粒为原料, 通过KOH再活化的方法制备多微孔活性炭的方法。考察了活性炭和KOH的最佳质量比例, 并通过低温氮吸附、SEM、XRD等手段表征了样品的比表面、孔结构、孔分布、颗粒形貌和晶体结构;通过对含间二甲苯50 mg·L^-1的气流的吸附实验表征了所制备活性炭的二甲苯去除能力, 实验结果表明, 经过KOH再活化显著调高了样品的间二甲苯吸附容量, 这很可能和样品中发达的微孔结构有关。