通过对腔外原子的操作控制腔内原子的发射性质

考虑初始处于纠缠态的三个双能级原子,将其中两个原子分别注入处于真空态的两个腔中,发生共振相互作用。通过对腔外原子进行操作,可使腔内两个原子的发射性质受到很大影响。     

Tavis-Cummings模型中两纠缠原子纠缠的演化特性

研究了两个纠缠的两能级原子与单模粒子数场进行相互作用系统中两原子的纠缠演化.结果表明：两个原子之间的纠缠呈现出周期性的演化特性，初始两原子的状态、原子之间的偶极相互作用和粒子数场对腔中两个原子的纠缠有着显著的影响.发现适当选择原子的初态，两原子会永远处于最大纠缠态. 关键词： 量子纠缠 偶极-偶极相互作用 部分转置矩阵负本征值 纠缠原子     

腔外原子操作控制腔内原子的纠缠特性

考虑初始处于W态的三个二能级原子,将其中两个原子同时分别注入处于真空态的两个腔中并发生共振相互作用的情况.采用数值计算方法,研究了对腔外原子的旋转操作和测量对腔内原子纠缠性质的影响.研究结果表明,通过对腔外原子的旋转操作和选择性测量可控制腔内原子的纠缠性质.     

热辐射场中两个耦合的二能级原子量子态的纠缠(英文)

两个偶极耦合的二能级原子置于热辐射场中,原子用泡利算符描述,环境用无穷的谐振子热库描述,运用密度矩阵方法,得到两能级原子密度矩阵元演化规律.针对三种不同的初始状态,利用共生纠缠度分析置于热辐射场中原子量子态的纠缠.结果表明:当两个原子初始处于不同量子叠加态时,原子的纠缠呈现出明显的差异.     

超级里德伯原子间的稳态关联集体激发与量子纠缠

处于同一偶极阻塞区域的里德伯原子系综可以看作一个超级原子,如果它们被捕获在两个不同的光偶极阱中,那么每一个光偶极阱中的子原子系综可以看作为一个亚超级原子.由于这两个亚超级原子共享不超过一个激发的里德伯原子,所以它们会强烈地关联起来.本文研究这两个里德伯亚超级原子的稳态关联集体激发特性和量子纠缠行为.结果表明原子数目带来的影响非常明显:里德伯亚超级原子越大(包含原子数目越多),集体激发概率越大;最大纠缠只发生在等大的两个里德伯亚超级原子之间.通过增加原子数目,可以实现介观领域的量子纠缠,对量子-经典对应的研究以及量子信息处理有着重要的作用.     

基于两原子同时和腔场共振作用制备两原子纠缠态的腔QED方案(英文)

我们提出了一个将两个远离的原子制备成纠缠态的腔QED方案,该方案基于两个原子同时和一个腔场发生共振作用.在这个方案里,我们利用一个事先制备好的纠缠态将另外两个分离的原子制备成纠缠态.该方案仅包含两个原子和腔场的共振相互作用,不需要用腔场存储量子信息,并且原子和腔场作用时间极短.因此,我们的方案基于目前的腔QED技术是可以实现的.     

一个传送原子纠缠态的新方案

本文提出一个通过原子和腔场相互作用传送未知原子纠缠态的新方案,并且成功概率为100%.在这个方案里,我们主要利用两个原子用来接受被传送的原子纠缠态以及一个双模腔作为量子通道.由于腔场的两个模具有不同的频率和正交极化,因此这两个模能够被区分,并且处于腔场的不同区域.原子和腔场通过J-C哈密顿量发生共振相互作用,当原子和其中一个模相互作用时,另外一个模不受影响.该方案既不需要贝尔态测量,也不需要任何操作重构纠缠初态.这个方案也可以推广到传送N个原子的纠缠态.     

四原子Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger态的制备

提出了一种制备四原子Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger 态的方案,它是基于原子-腔场相互作用,首先两个分离的腔初始时处于真空态,通过双光子转移把两个腔制备成缠结态。随后,与腔场发生共振相互作用的4 个等同的原子被分别送入两个腔,通过相互作用后,4 个原子处于GHZ态,而两个腔仍然处于真空态。     

原子相干性对 V型三能级原子自发辐射的影响

本文分别就两种模型,即三能级原子与单模场和双模场的V型相互作用,研究了原子相干性对原子自发辐射的影响.发现在单模情况,原子相干性导致原子自发辐射的消除;而在双模情况,两个跃迁通道的自发辐射是相互独立的,原子相干性不导致原子自发辐射的消除.     

双氮原子掺入二氧化钛电子结构的第一原理研究

采用基于第一性原理的平面波超软赝势方法计算研究了双N原子掺入金红石相TiO_2的几何结构和电子结构.通过比较三种可能的掺杂方式的总能发现,两个氮原子占据两个相邻的B原子位置时具有最稳定的结构.电子结构分析表明,双N原子掺杂TiO_2出现了杂质能级,三种结构的能带间隙均减小,其中杂质原子最近邻占位时,带隙最小,随着两个杂质原子的距离增大,带隙会逐渐变大.     

Disorder physics in mixtures of fermionic atoms

A mixture of light and heavy fermionic atoms in an optical lattice is considered. Tunneling of the heavy atoms is neglected such that they are only subject to thermal fluctuations. There is a complex interplay between light and heavy atoms which results in an Ising-like distribution of heavy atoms with a first-order transition from homogeneous to staggered order. A second-order transition is possible between an ordered and a disordered phase of heavy atoms. Depending on the phase of heavy atoms, light atoms are scattered around and can propagate, diffuse, and localize. Due to correlations in the disordered phase of heavy atoms, there can be a gap in the spectrum of light atoms, leading to a Mottlike incompressible state.     

Protecting entanglement of atoms stored in a common nonperfect cavity without measurements

We study entanglement dynamics of two and three atoms stored in a common nonperfect cavity together with some other nonentangled atoms. It is guessed at first thought that the presence of nonentangled atoms would favor the decoherence process of the interested entangled atoms. We show, on the contrary, that it is not so. Namely, as results of a rigorous nonperturbative analysis, disentanglement rate of the interested atoms decreases with the increase of the number of nonentangled atoms. If the number of nonentangled atoms is sufficiently large, the entanglement of interested atoms could be protected efficiently.     

Simultaneous magneto-optical trapping of a boson-fermion mixture of metastable helium atoms

We simultaneously confine fermionic metastable 3He atoms and bosonic metastable 4He atoms in a magneto-optical trap. The trapped clouds, containing up to 1.5 x 10(8) atoms of each isotope, are characterized by measuring ions and metastable helium atoms escaping from the trap. Optical pumping of 3He atoms to a nontrapped hyperfine state is investigated and it is shown that large atom numbers can be confined without additional repumping lasers. Unique possibilities for quantum degeneracy experiments with mixtures of spin-polarized metastable 3He and 4He atoms are indicated.     

激光驻波场作用下原子束横向速度聚束

分别从理论和实验上研究了在负失谐强激光驻波场作用下，原子速度聚集在某一特定速度附近的现象，即速度聚束，产生速度聚束的原因是，当原子的速度小于某一临界速度时，激光对原子的辐射压力加热原子，而当原子速度大于这个临界速度时则冷却原子，因此原子将伙集于这个临界速度附近。     

Effects of dipole-dipole interaction on entanglement transfer

A system consisting of two different atoms interacting with a two-mode vacuum, where each atom is resonant only with one cavity mode, is considered. The effects of dipole-dipole （dd） interaction between two atoms on the atom-atom entanglement and mode--mode entanglement are investigated. For a weak dd interaction, when the atoms are initially separable, the entanglement between them can be induced by the dd interaction, and the entanglement transfer between the atoms and the modes occurs efficiently; when the atoms are initially entangled, the entanglement transfer is almost not influenced by the dd interaction. However, for a strong dd interaction, it is difficult to transfer the entanglement from the atoms to the modes, but the atom-atom entanglement can be maintained when the atoms are initially entangled.     

冷原子物理中的一维少体问题

作为构成量子多体系统的基本单元,一维少体系统的研究不仅可以在理论上为多体系统的量子关联及动力学等性质提供更为基本的理解,也可以为实验上制备多体系统提供更加方便和功能更加全面的方法.本文回顾了冷原子物理中一维少体系统最新的实验和理论进展.首先介绍了少体实验中实现的谐振子势阱中确定原子数的精确制备,亚稳态势阱和双阱系统中原子的隧穿,以及强相互作用下等效自旋链的实验结果.然后深度解析了理论研究方面,特别是基于精确可解模型的一些重要结果,包括亚稳态势阱中相互作用原子的隧穿概率,以及相应实验上常见势阱的能谱分析、密度分布、隧穿动力学以及强相互作用极限下的有效自旋链模型等.     

Laser-induced quantum adsorption of atoms on a surface

A method of the quantum adsorption of atoms on a surface is proposed and experimentally implemented. The loading of atoms into a surface potential well (adsorption) occurs due to the loss of kinetic energy in the process of the inelastic collision of two laser-excited atoms. This scheme is implemented for Rb atoms adsorbed on the surface of a YAG crystal. The possibility of producing microstructures of arbitrary shape that consist of atoms localized on the dielectric surface is also demonstrated.     

Entanglement of Two Atoms Induced by a Fock State of Radiation Field

Considering the intrinsic decoherence proposed by Milburn, we investigate the entanglement between two two-level atoms induced by a Fock state of single-mode quantized radiation field. The time-dependent reduced density matrix of the atoms system is given explicitly. Due to the intrinsic decoherence, the atoms system will approach a stationary state, where the stationary entanglement depends on the initial states of the field and the atoms.     

Chemisorption of Fe on Au-passivated Si（001） surface

The chemisorption of one monolayer of Fe atoms on a Au-passivated Si(001) surface is studied by using the self-consistent tight-binding linear muffin-tin orbital method. The Fe adatom chemisorption on an ideal Si(001) surface is also considered for comparison. The chemisorption energy and layer projected density of states for a monolayer of Fe atoms on Au-passivated Si(001) surface are calculated and compared with that of the Fe atoms on an ideal Si(001) surface. The charge transfer is investigated. It is found that the most stable position is at the fourfold hollow site for the adsorbed Fe atoms, which might sit below the Au surface. Therefore there will be a Au－Fe mixed layer at the Fe/Au－Si(100) interface. It is found that the adsorbed Fe atoms cannot sit below the Si surface, indicating that a buffer layer of Au atoms may hinder the intermixing of Fe atoms and Si atoms at the Fe/Au－Si(001) interface effectively, which is in agreement with the experimental results.     

Structural optimization and segregation behavior of quaternary alloy nanoparticles based on simulated annealing algorithm

Alloy nanoparticles exhibit higher catalytic activity than monometallic nanoparticles, and their stable structures are of importance to their applications. We employ the simulated annealing algorithm to systematically explore the stable structure and segregation behavior of tetrahexahedral Pt–Pd–Cu–Au quaternary alloy nanoparticles. Three alloy nanoparticles consisting of 443 atoms, 1417 atoms, and 3285 atoms are considered and compared. The preferred positions of atoms in the nanoparticles are analyzed. The simulation results reveal that Cu and Au atoms tend to occupy the surface, Pt atoms preferentially occupy the middle layers, and Pd atoms tend to segregate to the inner layers. Furthermore, Au atoms present stronger surface segregation than Cu ones. This study provides a fundamental understanding on the structural features and segregation phenomena of multi-metallic nanoparticles.