聚磷酸酯—聚氨酯药物释放材料的合成

报道了一类新型生物可降解和生物相容性药物释放材料聚磷酸酯－聚氨酯的合成和表征，研究了这类聚合物的体外降解及其对牛血清白蛋白的释放性能。     

基于天然聚多糖的环境友好材料（II）-麻纤维和芦苇纤维多元醇的生物降解聚氨酯

以麻纤维和芦苇纤维制备的植物多元醇为原料,合成具有良好性能的生物降解 性硬质聚氨酯泡沫体,其密度40 kg/m~3左右,压缩强度150 kPa,弹性模量4 MPa 。而且多元醇中植物原料含量越大,其性能越好,这使植物原料的充分利用和材料 生产成本的降低成为可能。土壤掩埋实验表明,泡沫体有很好的土壤微生物降解性 。     

二氧化碳共聚物为基聚氨酯的生物降解性研究

以ＣＯ２为起始物合成生物降解型聚合物，既能利用丰富的ＣＯ２资源，减轻温室效应；又能减轻聚合物垃圾造成的污染。聚碳酸亚乙酯（ＰＥＣ）经动物体内实验和土埋实验，证明具有良好的生物降解性［１，２］。由ＰＥＣ合成的聚氨酯可获得有良好力学性能的材料，但是否具有...     

基于天然聚多糖的环境友好材料（II）-麻纤维和芦苇纤维多元醇的生物降解聚氨酯

以麻纤维和芦苇纤维制备的植物多元醇为原料,合成具有良好性能的生物降解 性硬质聚氨酯泡沫体,其密度40 kg/m~3左右,压缩强度150 kPa,弹性模量4 MPa 。而且多元醇中植物原料含量越大,其性能越好,这使植物原料的充分利用和材料 生产成本的降低成为可能。土壤掩埋实验表明,泡沫体有很好的土壤微生物降解性 。     

二氧化碳共聚物为基的聚氨酯生物降解性能研究

以CO2为起始物合成出聚碳酸亚乙酯（PEC）二醇，进而合成以PEC为预聚物的聚氨酯。对该聚氨酶的力学性能、降解性能等进行了测试。结果表明，该聚氨酯同时具有良好的力学性能和良好的生物降解性能。     

生物载体用聚醚型聚氨酯多孔材料的研究

分别以1,4-丁二醇（1,4-BDO）、三乙醇胺、二羟甲基丁酸（DMBA）为扩链剂制备了一系列适合细胞培养的聚氨酯泡沫载体材料（PUF）,并且以仓鼠卵巢细胞进行细胞培养.对PUF的发泡工艺及配方进行了研究.同时,对材料的力学性能、耐老化性能、亲疏水性能、生物毒性以及材料的细胞亲和性进行了研究.结果表明,该法制得的PUF具有良好的细胞相容性,可用于细胞培养.     

可生物降解材料聚天冬氨酸的研究进展

综述了可生物降解材料聚天冬氨酸及其衍生物的特点及合成和结构表征, 并介绍了聚天冬氨酸及其衍生物在水处理和药物控制释放等领域的研究进展。     

农药缓释剂的研究—Ⅰ

本文首次将中西除虫菊酯用于控制释放,制备了以聚氨酯和聚脲为壁膜的微胶囊型缓释剂和以聚甲基丙烯酸酯为载体的整体型缓释剂(薄膜缓释剂)。分别用测残留量法和生物鉴定法测定了两种剂型缓释剂的农药释发速度,证明了它们的长效性和实用性。微胶囊型缓释剂的释放速度为常数,满足封闭—渗透释放机理;整体型缓释剂的农药释放速度在释放初期很快,然后变慢,满足扩散—溶质释放机理。     

生物降解聚酯包埋利福平缓释微球的制备及释放行为

以生物可降解乙交酯和丙交酯的无规共聚物(PLGA)为载体,将抗结核病药利福平溶解于PLGA的有机溶液中,采用通常乳化-溶剂挥发方法制备了药物缓释微球.研究了影响微球制备的工艺条件.用电子显微镜观察了微球及降解后的表面形态,测定了微球粒径及载药量,评价了载药微球的体外释放行为.结果表明,以质量分数为1%的明胶为稳定剂,制备的微球形态完整,粒径范围为10～30μm,微球中利福平的平均质量分数为24.3%.体外释药时间可以通过高分子的降解速率来调控,本实验的释药时间可以在42～84d之间调控,药物缓释达到了理想的零级动力学释放.因此,利福平PLGA微球具有显著的长效、恒量药物缓释作用.     

生物降解型聚酯的功能化及其亲水性的改善

从功能化单体的共聚和大分子反应两个角度对近年来生物降解型聚酯的功能化及其亲水性改善方面的工作进展进行了综述。对所得材料的可能应用做了详细讨论。并对该研究领域的前景进行了展望。     

Study on the Gas Permeability of Nickel(II) Polyurethane Complexes

Ionic polyurethanes (PUs) were prepared from hydroxyl‐terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) and 4,4′‐dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate (H₁₂MDI) by a two‐stage method. The ionic group was introduced by adding 4,8‐diazaundecanediamide (L‐2,3,2) as the chain extender of which the tertiary amines and carbonyl groups were complexed with nickel ions. It was found that the binding of hard segments and the flexibility of soft segments had subtle effects on the gas permeability. The effects of hard segment content and the amount of nickel ion on the gas permeability and morphological properties were investigated. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was utilized to identify the segregation between hard and soft segments and structure change, which affect the transport properties. The hydrogen bonding index (HBI), frequency difference, and shift as a measure of the phase segregation and the average strength of the interpolymer hydrogen bonds were utilized to study the intermolecular interaction and transport property of the prepared PUs. The oxygen and nitrogen permeabilities of membranes were determined by using gas permeability analyzer. The results of FTIR, differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis measurements explain the complexation and, hence, the gas permeability.     

Controlled drug release behavior of metformin hydrogen chloride from biodegradable films based on chitosan/poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether blend

In this study, novel smart drug release films were prepared by blending chitosan with polyethylene glycol methyl ether (PEGME), also named as methoxy polyethylene glycol (mPEG), for controlled drug release applications. The polymeric films were characterized by Fourier transform infra-red for functional groups analysis, scanning electron microscopy for morphology and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy for chemical and surface analysis followed by mechanical and thermal analysis. The mechanical properties showed that with the addition of PEGME (40%), the tensile strength and elongation break were increased up to 34.14 MPa and 26.40%, respectively as compared to the controlled sample (without PEGME). The developed biodegradable films were tested for Metformin hydrogen chloride release ability at a particular rate in phosphate buffer saline solution at pH 7.4. The results showed that chitosan/PEGME blends could be employed for controlled drug release and other biomedical applications.     

低温等离子体引发聚氨酯脲接枝聚氧乙烯和肝素的研究

合成了以4,4’-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯（HMDI）和乙二胺（EDA）为硬段、聚碳酸六亚甲基酯二醇（PHC）为软段的聚酯型聚氨酯脲（PUU）,并用聚氧乙烯和肝素（heparin）对其进行了表面改性。通过红外光谱、X射线光电子能谱、接触角等研究了PUU材料的表面结构和性能。实验结果表明,利用室温等离子体方法,成功在PUU...     

A Mathematical Study on Effect of 2-Hydroxyl Ethyl Acrylate on Controlled Drug Diffusion from Smart Hydrogels Based on Poly(acrylamide-co-hydroxy ethyl acrylate-co-acrylic acid)

A series of poly (AM-co-HEA-co-AA) hydrogels have been synthesized and characterized by varying 2-hydroxy ethyl acrylate (HEA) content in the range of 0–16.22% in feed. The swelling ratio of resulting hydrogels was drastically decreased 10 times, i.e., from 101.12 to 9.23 in an almost linear fashion; but the dimensional stability of these hydrogels was increased significantly from 5 to 46 days with increasing HEA content. The hydrogels exhibited Smart nature in varying pH (2–10), temperature (15–65°C), ionic strength of NaCl solution (0.1M-1.5M), and different cation chloride salt solution having same ionic strength (0.1M). The swelling mechanism was shifted from non-Fickian to Fickian (at pH 2–7), super case to non-Fickian (at pH 10) with increasing HEA content. The controlled release of model drug (salicylic acid) from these hydrogels was investigated using early-time, late-time and Etters diffusion models and compared with the experimental data. It was observed that early model doesn't fit, but Etter and late-time model fitted excluding the initial phase. However, it was also observed that with increasing HEA content, the applicability of Etter's model improved, and for 16.22% HEA containing hydrogel Etters model was fitted in the full range, indicating that by varying hydrogel composition, the diffusion characteristics can be altered.     

Albidosides H and I,two new triterpene saponins from the barks of Acacia albida Del. (Mimosaceae)

Two new triterpene saponins, albidosides H (1) and I (2), along with the three known saponins were isolated from the barks of Acacia albida. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive 1D- and 2D-NMR studies and mass spectrometry. Albidosides H (1) and I (2) were assayed for their cytotoxicity against HeLa and HL60 cells using MTT method.     

Controlled release of acetochlor from poly (butyl methacrylate-diacetone acrylamide) based formulation prepared by nanoemulsion polymerisation method and evaluation of the efficacy

Acetochlor is an important herbicide for gramineous weeds and some small seed broadleaf weeds. Controlled-release formulations of herbicide are highly desirable not only for attaining the most effective utilisation of the weed control, but also for reducing environmental pollution. Acetochlor was incorporated in poly (butyl methacrylate-diacetone acrylamide) based formulation to obtain controlled release properties. The acetochlor nanocapsules were characterised by size distribution, infrared spectroscopy (IR) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and factors related to loading efficiency, swelling behaviour of the formulation were investigated. For this controlled-release formulation, the loading efficiency could reach about 50% (w/w). n, the diffusion parameter was indicative of the transport mechanism, and the values for ‘n’ were in the range of 0.28–0.61, which indicated that the release of acetochlor was diffusion-controlled. The time taken for 50% of the active ingredient to be released into water, t₅₀, was also calculated for the comparison of formulations in different conditions. The formulation with higher temperature and more diacetone acrylamide had lower value of t₅₀, which means a quicker release of the active ingredient. This study highlighted some pieces of evidence that improved herbicide incorporation and slower release were linked to potential interactions between the herbicide and the polymer.     

Study on reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of MMA in the presence of 2-cyanoprop-2-yl 1-dithiophenanthrenate (CPDPA)

The RAFT polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) was carried out in the presence of 2-cyanoprop-2-yl 1-dithiophenanthrenate (CPDPA). The results exhibit controlled polymerization characters: well-controlled molecular weight with narrow polydispersity (minimal value: 1.04) molecular weight linearly increasing with conversion and first-order kinetics of polymerization. The resulting polymer can be used to synthesize methyl methacrylate-styrene copolymer with narrow polydispersity. The effect of molar ratio among MMA/CPDPA/AIBN on polymerization was investigated.     

Study on the reaction of triple helix poly(A:2I) with Cu~(2+)

The effect of Cu2+ on the triple-stranded helical structure of poly(A:2I) was studied by means of circular dichroism spectral method with the help of ultraviolet spectral and ethidium bromide fluorescence probe methods. It was found that Cu2+ destabilizes the structure of the triple helix poly(A:2I) and induces its structural transformations, meanwhile, the transformations can be partially reversed by a higher NaCl concentration. The structural transformations may be expressed by the following scheme: poly(A:2I) - poly(A:I) + poly(I)- poly(A) + 2poly(I)     

一种新型用于原子转移自由基聚合过程的Cu(I)络合物的研究

将以三齿2,6 双(苯并咪唑)吡啶为配体的Cu(I)离子络合物用作A TRP引发体系的组分之一,并成功地实现了对烯类单体的自由基聚合.聚合过程具有明显的ATRP聚合特征.和几种具不同结构胺配体构成的Cu(I)络合物的聚合速度结果相比较,本工作的结果基本符合烷基胺≈吡啶>亚胺>芳基胺的序列关系.     

Investigation on the Extraction Mechanism of Au（I） from Cyanide Solution with Quaternary Ammonium System

During the past decades, there has been a renewed interest in the application of solvent extraction to the recovery of Au (I) from cyanide solutions1,2. Among those various extractants, the amine extractants with the addition of organic phosphorus oxide as cosolvent have been widely investigated3,4. Various diluents and modifiers have been selected to optimize the extraction system so as to increase the loading capacity, improve the selectivity and/or reduce emulsification5. Quaternary amm…