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生物材料中生育酚的荧光测定法 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
生育酚(V_E)和硒在动物、人体疾病和营养中的相互关系一直为人们所重视。我国在对硒与人体克山病,大骨节病和动物白肌病等关系的研究中,注意到生育酚在致病过程和防治中的作用。因此,建立简便快速测定生物材料中生育酚含量的方法对于评定其营养状态及在疾病中的作用有重要意义。测定植物材料中的生育酚通常使用改进的Emerie-Engel分光光度法和各种色谱 相似文献
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钼与健康 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
颜世铭 《广东微量元素科学》2007,14(9):43-43
(1)营养性钼缺乏:钼缺乏并不发生于正常生活的人群中。长期接受完全性胃肠外营养者可致钼缺乏。患者出现心动过速、头疼、精神障碍和昏迷等症状。检测可见血清和尿中尿酸水平低下,尿中无机硫酸盐降低。(2)钼具有抑制肿瘤作用:动物实验显示,钼酸钠和钼酸铵可抑制食管癌和前胃鳞癌。钼酸钠还能抑制乳腺 相似文献
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氨基酸分析法研究蒙古国博格达汗宫建筑彩画的胶料种类 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
为了鉴定博格达汗宫建筑彩画使用的胶料,采用氨基酸分析法测定了古代常用胶料(鸡蛋、动物胶及奶类)的氨基酸组成比.分析3类胶料,发现各胶料的氨基酸组成特点,其中动物胶含羟脯氨酸,且甘氨酸平均含量高达20.45%;鸡蛋中天冬氨酸与脯氨酸的比值较高,平均值为2.29;奶类中谷氨酸与丙氨酸的比值较高,平均值为5.01.在此基础上,分析了蒙古国博格达汗宫建筑彩画样品,对样品的氨基酸组成比进行主成分分析,确定了样品胶料的种类.同时,以动物胶特有的氨基酸--羟脯氨酸(含量均值13.6%)为研究对象,估算出文物样品使用胶料的配方为鸡蛋胶原/动物胶胶原(1.5∶ 1),得出了蒙古国博格达汗宫建筑彩画是采用以鸡蛋为主、动物胶为辅的混合胶料的结论. 相似文献
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一氧化氮样舒张因子在休克中的变化及意义 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本工作观察了大鼠止血带休克、败血症休克和小肠缺血再灌注休克一氧化氮样舒张因子(NO-LRF)的变化及作用。结果表明,休克动物离体主动脉对去甲肾上腺素的反应降低,组织cGMP含量增加。NO合成前体L-精氨酸(L-Arg)或NO合成阻断剂L-硝基精氨酸(L-NNA)、可溶性鸟苷酸环化酶抑制剂亚甲基蓝(MB)分别增强或减弱休克动物主动脉的上述变化,且这些药物的作用不依赖于血管内皮的存在,提示休克时非内皮源的NO-LRF生成增多是血管对收缩物质反应性降低的原因之一。整体实验发现,L-NNA加重晚期休克动物的低血压并恶化预后,而L-Arg延缓休克动物的血压降低,减轻组织损伤,提示NO-LRF对机体有重要的保护作用,休克时非内皮源NO-LRF生成增多可能是机体的适应性代偿反应。 相似文献
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钴是具有生物活性的微量元素,在动物营养中占有相当重要的位置。随着生物科学的发展,研究简便、快速、准确地测定钴的分析方法十分必要。钴的测定方法有分光光度法、原子吸收光谱法、络合滴定法等。二溴对甲偶氮羧已用于测定新型除氧剂中钡,尚未见其应用于钴测定的报道。本工作将其用于维生素B_(12)中钴的测定,试验发现 相似文献
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Gilberto Batista de Souza Ana Rita A. Nogueira Vitor R. Del-Santo Cristina Maria C. Picchi Edílson S. Guimarães Waldomiro Barioni Jr 《Accreditation and quality assurance》2009,14(8-9):455-460
The Embrapa Cattle-Southeast research unit conducts a program to compare the results provided by laboratories that perform animal feed analyses. Fifty-two laboratories, representing all the Brazilian regions, have participated in the program. The assays included are those normally carried out by animal nutrition laboratories on animal feed and mineral supplements, a total of 22 different analyses. Four rounds of the program are performed annually. Each package provided to the laboratories for testing contains three kinds of animal feed (three each of forage and commercial feed), along with three mineral supplements. For the evaluation of assigned values and standard deviation, the median and robust standard deviation of the participants’ results are used. This paper reports the experience in coordinating the Brazilian interlaboratory comparison exercise. 相似文献
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To guarantee feed quality and safety the development and improvement of analytical methods for feed authentication and detection of contaminants is fundamental. Near infrared reflectance microscopy (NIRM) has been investigated as an alternative method to contribute to control systems for feed materials. The major task is the need to build NIRM reference spectral libraries that must represent the variability in feed ingredients. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the performance of a NIRM reference spectral library on animal feed, with external samples of animal feed ingredients and possible contaminants such as processed animal proteins, and in particular to assess its ability to identify ingredients in mixtures. Three external sample sets were used: (A) artificial mixtures, (B) synthetic mixtures and (C) synthetic binary mixtures. The prediction and repeatability results for set A, in which the spectra are from pure ingredients, were very good for both animal and vegetable ingredients and confirm that the spectral library is very good at identifying spectra from pure ingredients. For sets B and C, in which the spectra were measured on mixtures, the prediction results were very disappointing compared with the artificial samples. This means that a strategy that tries to match the spectra taken from a mixture with those of pure ingredients is unlikely to meet with much success. It is possible that an interpolation between pure ingredients for suitably chosen spectral ranges may provide a way to extend this system to mixtures, including mixtures of several ingredients. 相似文献
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Essential oils (EOs) have been used for centuries, and interest in these compounds has been revived in recent years. Due to their unique chemical composition as well as antimicrobial, immunostimulatory, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, EOs are used in pharmacology, cosmetology and, increasingly, in animal breeding and rearing, and processing of animal raw materials. Essential oils have become a natural alternative to preservatives, taste enhancers and, most importantly, antibiotics, because the European Union banned the use of antibiotics in metaphylaxis in animal husbandry in 2006. In the animal production chain, EOs are used mainly as feed additives to improve feed palatability and increase feed intake, improve animal resistance and health status, and to prevent and treat diseases. Recent research indicates that EOs can also be applied to sanitize poultry houses, and they can be used as biopesticides in organic farming. Essential oils effectively preserve meat and milk and, consequently, improve the safety, hygiene and quality of animal-based foods. Novel technologies such as encapsulation may increase the bioavailability of EOs and their application in the production of food and feed additives. 相似文献
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Arranz I Mischke C Stroka J Sizoo E van Egmond H Neugebauer M 《Journal of AOAC International》2007,90(6):1598-1609
An interlaboratory trial for determination of zearalenone (ZON) in baby food and animal feed was conducted. The study involved 39 participants in 16 European Union member states, as well as Turkey, Uruguay, and China, representing a cross-section of industry, and official food control and research institutes. The method is based on immunoaffinity column cleanup followed by high-performance liquid chromatography using fluorimetry (HPLC-FI). The test portion of the sample is extracted with methanol-water (75 + 25, v/v). The sample extract is filtered, diluted, and passed over an immunoaffinity column. ZON is eluted with methanol. The separation and determination of ZON is performed by reversed-phase HPLC-FI with an excitation wavelength of 274 nm and an emission wavelength of 446 nm. Test portions of the samples were spiked at levels of 20 and 30 microg/kg ZON in baby food and at levels of 100 and 150 microg/kg ZON in animal feed. Mean recoveries from each participant ranged from 78 to 119% with an average value of 92% for baby food and from 51 to 122% with an average value of 74% for animal feed. Based on results for spiked samples (blind duplicates at 2 levels), as well as naturally contaminated samples (blind duplicates at 3 levels), the relative standard deviation for repeatability (RSDr) in baby food ranged from 2.8 to 9.0%. For animal feed, this value ranged from 5.7 to 9.5%. The relative standard deviation for reproducibility (RSDR) in baby food ranged from 8.2 to 13.3%, and for animal feed this value ranged from 15.5 to 21.4%. The Horwitz ratio (HorRat) in baby food ranged from 0.3 to 0.4, and for animal feed this value ranged from 0.6 to 0.9. The method showed acceptable within- and between-laboratory precision for each matrix, as required by European legislation. 相似文献
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Stroka J Derbyshire M Mischke C Ambrosio M Kroeger K Arranz I Sizoo E van Egmond H 《Journal of AOAC International》2006,89(4):1012-1020
An interlaboratory study was conducted for the determination of deoxynivalenol in baby food and animal feed by high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection. The study included 14 participants representing a cross section of industry, official food control, and research facilities. Mean recoveries reported ranged from 89% (at 120 microg/kg) to 85% (at 240 microg/kg) for baby food and from 100% (at 200 microg/kg) to 93% (at 400 microg/kg) for animal feed. On the basis of the results for spiked samples (blind duplicates at 2 levels), as well as those for naturally contaminated samples (blind duplicates at 3 levels), the relative standard deviation for repeatability (RSDr) in analyses of baby food ranged from 6.4 to 14.0% and in analyses of animal feed, from 6.1 to 16.5%. The relative standard deviation for reproducibility (RSDR) in analyses of baby food ranged from 9.4 to 19.5% and in analyses of animal feed, from 10.5 to 25.2%. The HorRat values ranged from 0.4 to 1.0 and from 0.7 to 1.3, for baby food and animal feed, respectively. The method showed acceptable performance for within-laboratory and between-laboratory precision for each matrix, as required by European legislation. 相似文献
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An immunoassay with a lateral flow format has been developed for the detection of ruminant by-product material in animal feeds and feed ingredients. The test is designed for the analysis of animal feeds destined for feeding to ruminants to ensure that they do not contain ruminant by-products in violation of the ruminant-to-ruminant feed ban established by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in 1997. This feed ban was established as a firewall against exposure of ruminant livestock animals to the prion agents responsible for neurological diseases such as bovine spongiform encephalopathy and scrapie. The test is designed for field use, e.g., at a feed mill, and yields a qualitative (presence/absence) result in 15-20 min. The objective of the study was to validate the lateral-flow test for detection of ruminant by-product material in a variety of finished animal feeds and feed ingredients. Results indicate that the test is specific for ruminant material and can detect as little as 1% ruminant material in these commodities. 相似文献
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《液相色谱法及相关技术杂志》2012,35(13):2557-2564
Abstract A rapid HPLC analysis is described for the methanolic extraction of diazepam from spiked animal feed. A short disposable reverse-phase extraction column is employed to remove interfering substances present in the animal feed. This is followed by direct injection of an aliquot into an analytical ODS column. The precision is better than 3.9% and the % recovery is 87.8 ± 0.8% resulting in a convenient, rapid method for the routine analysis of added diazepam in prepared animal diets. 相似文献
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S Borràs JG Ríos-Kristjánsson R Companyó MD Prat 《Journal of separation science》2012,35(16):2048-2053
An analytical method for the analysis of six fluoroquinolones (FQs) in animal feeds was developed. The sample treatment consists of a simple and rapid extraction of the analytes by manual shaking with an acetonitrile-water mixture containing hydrochloric acid without further sample cleanup. Matrix effects were minimized by diluting the extract with water. Determination was carried out by liquid chromatography using fluorimetric detection. The method was validated in-house in four different feed matrices (poultry, cow, pig, and lamb feed). Mean recoveries ranging from 80 to 105%, with relative standard deviations below 12%, were achieved from spiked animal feed samples on the 0.2-2.0 μg/g level. No relevant differences were observed between the studied feeds, this ensuring that the method was reliable for a wide variety of feed matrices. Decision limit and detection capability values are below 0.08 and 0.13 mg/kg, respectively, for most FQs. The results obtained demonstrate the feasibility of the analytical method developed for a routine use to control the illegal use of these substances in feeding stuffs. 相似文献
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研究建立了气相色谱.质谱确证分析配合饲料中依他尼酸、氢氟噻嗪、氯噻嗪、呋噻米、氯噻酮和氢氯噻嗪等6种利尿剂的方法.本研究用磷酸盐缓冲液和甲醇混合提取液提取饲料中6种利尿剂,通过液液提取净化,在碳酸钾催化下用碘甲烷衍生,气相色谱-质谱定性和定量分析.确定了磷酸盐缓冲液和甲醇的提取体系,优化了6种利尿剂的色谱分离条件和质谱检测条件.在优化条件下,6种利尿剂线性范围为0.05~1.0μg/mL,线性相关系数高于0.99,方法的定量限为0.5μg/g.在饲料样品中,不同添加浓度水平回收率高于57.6%,相对标准偏差低于12%.该方法适用于饲料样品中6种利尿剂的定性和定量分析. 相似文献