PLOT柱分离GC-MS法测定酿酒发酵产品中的微量丁二酮和苯乙烯

食用酒精是利用淀粉质或糖质原料在微生物作用下发酵生成的酒精,丁二酮和苯乙烯是食用酒精生产过程中可能生成或引入的物质。丁二酮具有令人生厌的馊饭味[1],苯乙烯属毒性物质,对人的精神系统、消化系统和造血系统均有一定影响[2]。检测食品中的丁二酮和苯乙烯的方法主要有苯腙     

反相高效液相色谱法测定泼尼松龙磷酸钠原料药及其注射液

泼尼松龙磷酸钠（prednisolone sodium phosphate,PPNa）为11β,17α,21-三羟基孕甾-1,4-二烯-3,20-二酮-21-磷酸酯二钠盐。目前国内还未上市销售,也无其分析方法的报道,但有对醋酸泼尼松龙进行分析的报道。美国药典26对其提取分离后用紫外分光光度法检测PPNa中的游离泼尼松龙,但对其注射液未做有关物质的测定;英国药典2002年版采用高效液相色谱法检测PPNa原料中的有关物质,流动相系统复杂。本文建立的反相高效液相色谱法。流动相系统简单。能将供试品中的主峰与杂质峰完全分离,方法快速灵敏、准确度高、重复性好,可用于PPNa原料药及其注射剂的含量测定和有关物质的测定。     

柱前衍生化高效液相色谱法测定细胞培养液中的前列腺素E2

前列腺素（PGs）参与体内多种病理生理过程,其含量的微小变化会产生很大的生理效应差异,因此准确测定生物样本中PGs的含量具有重要意义。高效液相色谱-荧光检测法（HPLC—FD）逐渐用于检测PGE2等PGs。目前国内尚无HPLC—FD法测定生物样本中PGs含量的报道。本实验采用以4-溴甲基-7-甲氧基-香豆素（BrMMC）为衍生试剂,碳酸钾、双环己基-18-冠醚-6为催化剂的柱前衍生化HPLC—FD法成功地分离并测定了细胞培养液中的PGE2。     

自制苯乙烯-丙烯酸乙酯共聚物与PEG20M复合萃取涂层用于洗涤制品中1,4-氧杂环己烷的测定

采用顶空固相微萃取-毛细管气相色谱联用技术测定了洗涤制品中的1,4-二氧杂环己烷.使用自制的萃取头(苯乙烯-丙烯酸乙酯共聚物与PEG20M复合)于顶空平衡温度80℃下萃取样品40 min.萃取物用内壁涂有SE-30固定液的石英毛细管柱分离,外标法定量.1,4-二氧杂环己烷含量为0.35～120 μg/g时,其峰面积与含量呈良好的线性关系(r=0.999 8);回收率为98.7%～102%;相对标准偏差(n=5)为9.33%.     

固相微萃取-气相色谱法测定醒脑静注射剂中的麝香酮

中药制剂醒脑静注射剂中的麝香酮含量较低,采用水蒸气蒸馏法需要长时间的提取富集才能进行含量测定.本文采用固相微萃取-气相色谱法（SPME-GC）对醒脑静注射剂中的麝香酮含量进行测定,集样品采集、萃取、浓缩、进样和分析于一体,完成测定的整个过程仅需十几分钟,操作简单,测定结果准确可靠.     

高效液相色谱法同时测定豆制品中的碱性橙和碱性嫩黄O染料

采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)同时测定了豆制品中的碱性橙和碱性嫩黄O染料的含量     

互变异构的研究——Ⅲ.用紫外分光光度法测定丙二酸亚异丙酯类的互变异构

本文报道了一种用紫外分光光度法测定丙二酸亚异丙酯类化合物中烯醇含量的方法。用该法测得的烯醇含量与弛豫测定法所得到的结果近似。此外,应用该法还测定了三种α-烃基取代丙二酸亚异丙酯的烯醇含量。     

纤维素酶降解-离子色谱法测定魔芋中的亚硝酸盐

建立了以纤维素酶降解魔芋葡甘聚糖释放阴离子,然后采用离子色谱测定亚硝酸盐含量的方法。考察了纤维素酶降解葡甘聚糖的最佳条件,结果表明:在50 ℃、pH 5.5条件下酶解24 h,可以释放出被包埋的亚硝酸盐。NO-2的检出限为0.039 mg/L,回收率为96.7%～97.8%。运用本法对施用稀土微肥后魔芋中亚硝酸盐的含量进行测定,发现施用稀土微肥能够在一定程度上降低魔芋中亚硝酸盐的含量。     

固体核磁共振法测定硫化丁苯橡胶中的苯乙烯

采用魔角旋转固体核磁碳谱法(MAS–~(13)CNMR)测定硫化丁苯橡胶中的苯乙烯含量。通过固体核磁碳谱解析,对丁苯橡胶中苯乙烯、1,2-乙烯基、1,4-丁二烯的特征峰进行归属分析,以固体核磁外标法定量。对已知苯乙烯含量的标准样品进行测定,绘制校正曲线,结果显示理论苯乙烯含量与固体核磁法计算结果成良好的线性关系,线性相关系数(r~2)为0.97。经标准曲线校正后的苯乙烯含量接近于真实值,计算结果的相对误差小于5%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.31%(n=6)。该方法适用于单一胶种的硫化丁苯橡胶中苯乙烯含量的检测。     

铜合金中磷含量测定方法

通过电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)与两种标准方法测定铜合金中的常量磷含量,对3种方法的结果进行了比较,表明ICP-AES法与标准方法结果一致,却比标准方法操作更简单,快捷,实验结果显示了ICP-AES法在铜合金中常量磷含量测定中的优势.     

Neutral diterpenoids of oleoresins of five species of conifers of Transcarpathia

The compositions of the neutral diterpenoids of the oleoresins of five species of conifers growing in the Transcarpathia have been studied. It has been found that the oleoresins ofAbies alba M.,Larix decidua M., andPicea excelsa L. contain more than 50% of neutral diterpenoids. The group and qualitative compositions of the oxygen-containing diterpenoids have been determined. In the oleoresins ofAbies alba,Picea excelsa, andPicea abies tertiary alcohols — cis-abienol and isocembrol — predominate, while inLarix decidua the main component is the hydroxy ester larixyl acetate. Primary alcohols related to the resin acids have been found in all the oleoresins investigated. Features of the distribution of diterpenoids according to the species of conifers have been revealed. The results obtained are necessary for the chemotaxonomy of conifers of the family Pinceae.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodynkh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 812–816, November–December, 1988.     

利用手持技术改进测定乙醇分子结构实验

利用压强传感器代替排水集气法,改进测定乙醇分子结构实验的仪器装置,并探索最佳反应条件。另外,设计两个空白实验,结合压强变化曲线对实验误差进行相关讨论。     

光谱仪测试范围的扩展

由于石化行业的生产需要，其材质的使用具有多样性和广泛性，经常会出现顾客委托的测试样品的一个或几个元素跨越光谱仪现有测试程序测量范围的情况。本法通过对光谱仪测试原理的认识，根据光谱仪的测试能力及标样的采集，实现了一个或几个元素测量范围的扩展，并对其测量的影响因素进行了研究。     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

Influence of viscosity of medium on processes of oxygen quenching of excited states of mesoporphyrin

The oxygen quenching rate constants for singlet and triplet excited states of the dimethyl ester of mesoporphyrin IX increase with decreasing viscosity of the medium and reach a maximum at a viscosity of approximately 0.4 mPa·sec, after which the rate constants begin to decrease. The drop in rate constant with increasing fluidity of the medium may be related to a nonequilibrium character of the elementary act in the interaction of the reactants in the solvent cage. In viscous media such as isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, and isoamyl alcohol, the reaction radius is greater than the sum of the radii of the reacting particles. The long-range character of these processes is due to the relatively weak dependence of the quenching probability on distance.Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Éksperimental'naya Khimiya, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 161–167, March–April, 1989.     

Effect of the Method of Modification of Zeolite X on Selectivity of Catalytic Methylation of Toluene

Theoretical and Experimental Chemistry - The effect of the method of modification of catalysts based on zeolite X by cesium and magnesium cations (ion exchange and impregnation) on the selectivity...     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

Synthesis of tetrabenzoporphins of the basis of isoindoline

Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds -