固相微萃取-气相色谱联用测定饮料中残留的10种可挥发性卤代烃

建立了固相微萃取(SPME)与气相色谱(GC)联用测定饮料中残留的可挥发性卤代烃(VHH)的检测方法.探讨了影响SPME萃取效果的纤维涂层、离子强度、萃取时间等因素,并对饮料样品的预处理进行了研究.方法的检出限0.3μg/L,线性范围3～90μg/L,回收率在79.5%～104.3%之间,RSD在1.3%～12%之间.     

加速溶剂萃取-固相萃取净化-气相色谱/质谱法测定土壤中的多环芳烃

建立了加速溶剂萃取-固相萃取净化-气相色谱/质谱法同时测定土壤中16种多环芳烃的方法。土壤样品经正己烷-丙酮提取,经无水Na₂SO₄脱水、氮吹浓缩后,弗罗里土小柱净化,采用气相色谱/质谱检测,内标法定量。结果表明:该方法在质量浓度0.4～10μg/mL范围内线性良好,相关系数(r²)大于0.9962,检出限为4.8～25μg/kg,定量限为19.2～100μg/kg;在0.05,0.15,0.40 mg/kg 3个加标水平下的平均回收率为55.4%～129.0%,相对标准偏差为1.5%～11%。采用该方法检测土壤样品,除苊烯、苊、芴3种多环芳烃未检出外,其他13种多环芳烃均有检出,其含量范围在6.6～86μg/kg。     

固相微萃取/气相色谱-质谱联用技术测定燕窝中挥发性成分

该文以印尼产的燕窝为材料,使用固相微萃取(SPME)技术萃取燕窝中挥发性成分并以气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用仪进行测定。考察了萃取头类型、萃取温度、萃取时间和解吸时间对固相微萃取(SPME)在燕窝挥发性成分测定中的影响。结果表明:以65μm聚二甲基硅氧烷/二乙烯基苯(PDMS/DVB)萃取头、在60℃下萃取60 min,解吸2 min的条件下,SPME/GC-MS技术可检出燕窝中挥发性成分醇、烃、醛、酯、醚类等化合物共82种。该方法具有操作简便、快速、重复性好和灵敏度高的特点,适用于燕窝中挥发性成分的测定。     

土壤中痕量水胺硫磷的微波辅助萃取-固相微萃取-GC-MS法测定

研究了微波辅助萃取(MAE)-固相微萃取(SPME)联合萃取、气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)测定土壤中水胺硫磷的分析方法；采用正交设计试验优化了微波升温程序、萃取温度、萃取时间、萃取溶剂体积等MAE条件；研究了SPME萃取涂层、萃取时间、解吸温度等对萃取效率的影响；方法的线性范围在1．O～20μg/L之间，检出限为O．49ng/g；测定25、100ng/g加标土壤样品，回收率分别为79％和107％。RSD分别为2．6％和6．5％；方法综合了MAE快速高效和SPME富集浓缩的优点，以水为萃取溶剂，特别适合于固体样品中痕量有机物的分析。     

冷冻脱脂-分散固相萃取/气相色谱-串联质谱法检测食用植物油中4种多环芳烃

针对食用植物油中欧盟限量4种多环芳烃,建立了冷冻脱脂-分散固相萃取/气相色谱-串联质谱检测方法。以苯并(a)芘-d12(BAP-d12)、屈-d12(CHR-d12)为内标,样品经乙腈-水涡旋提取,冷冻脱脂结合分散固相萃取净化,气相色谱-串联质谱多反应监测(MRM)模式检测。结果显示,4种多环芳烃质量浓度在1～50μg/L范围内线性良好,r>0.999,加标回收率为80.8%～103.8%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为7.4%～13%,方法检出限和定量限分别为0.10～0.15μg/kg和0.33～0.51μg/kg。该方法能够满足食用植物油中欧盟限量4种多环芳烃的检测。     

快速溶剂萃取-凝胶渗透色谱净化-气相色谱-质谱法测定土壤中11种半挥发性有机物

建立了快速溶剂萃取–凝胶渗透色谱净化–气相色谱–质谱法测定土壤中11种半挥发性有机物的分析方法。取样量为10.0 g,萃取溶剂为丙酮–二氯甲烷(体积比为3∶7),使用凝胶渗透色谱净化,气相色谱–质谱仪进行测定。11种半挥发性有机物的质量分数在0.1-5 mg/kg的范围内,相对响应因子的相对标准偏差小于15%,方法的检出限为0.04-0.06 mg/kg,当加标量为0.25、0.5、1 mg/kg时,测定结果的相对标准偏差分别为4.8%-13.7%、3.8%-9.5%、3.4%-10.8%(n=6),加标回收率为55%-110%。该方法适用于土壤中11种半挥发性有机物的检测。     

基于四通道色谱分离仪快速检测土壤中的低浓度多氯联苯

为快速准确检测土壤中21种低浓度多氯联苯(PCBs)的含量,建立了以丙酮-正己烷(1:1,V/V)为萃取剂超声提取,四通道色谱分离仪对提取液进行分离和净化的前处理方法。采用氮吹法将前处理的样品浓缩至50μL以下,以PCB 54作为内标,利用气相色谱-63Ni微电子捕获检测器(GC-ECD)进行定量测定。土壤中21种PCBs的回收率为68.6%~102.3%,相对标准偏差为2.2%~9.9%,方法检出限为1.21~4.67μg/kg。采用所建方法对长江三角洲地区经长期植物修复后的PCBs污染土壤和无污染的农田土壤进行检测,结果显示,修复后的土壤PCBs总量为99.88±3.97μg/kg,无污染农田土壤PCBs总量为69.01±2.19μg/kg。     

顶空固相微萃取-气质联用技术分析5种荷花的挥发性成分

采用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱质谱联用(HS-SPME-GC-MS)技术分析测定了5个品种荷花中的挥发性成分.考察了不同萃取头和萃取温度对荷花挥发性成分萃取的影响,选用65μm PDMS/DVB SPME萃取头和25℃室温萃取荷花中的挥发性成分得到较好的萃取效果.应用峰面积归一化法测定各挥发性成分的相对含量,5个品种共鉴...     

气相色谱-质谱法检测人造板中挥发性有机物

取过0.18 mm筛的人造板粉末0.300 0 g,在60℃水浴中进行顶空固相微萃取(SPME)30 min;用75μm CAR/PDMS纤维头富集样品释放出的挥发性有机物。使用自制简易冷阱聚焦装置,将纤维头插入气相色谱(GC)进样口解吸3 min,所得溶液采用气相色谱-质谱法检测其中的挥发性有机物。结果表明:在刨花板、中密度纤维板及胶合板中,共检出95种物质,其中苯系物27种,醛/酮类11种,烷烃类8种,醇/酯类11种,萜类物质38种。     

多次溶剂萃取-气相色谱/串联质谱法测定热熔胶中的多环芳烃

建立了热熔胶中16种多环芳烃( PAHs)的多次溶剂萃取-气相色谱/串联质谱测定方法。详细研究了样品的萃取条件、净化条件和气相色谱/串联质谱测定条件,并与气相色谱-质谱法进行了对比。样品以10 mL正己烷为萃取溶剂,于60℃超声萃取20 min,萃取液依次经冷冻后离心、二甲基亚砜萃取2次、正己烷反萃取2次进行净化,得到的净化液以气相色谱/串联质谱法多反应监测( MRM)模式进行检测。本方法的线性相关系数( R2)均大于0.9969,检出限为1.0~10μg/kg,精密度小于6.3%,16种PAHs的加标回收率为80.4%~117.6%。考察了串联质谱检测的基质效应,发现基质效应不明显。本方法检出限优于气相色谱-质谱法(23~94μg/kg),并能增加定性和定量分析的准确性。本方法灵敏、准确可靠,满足热熔胶中PAHs测试要求。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.