形式演绎系统L~*中封闭理论的性质及其应用

本文在模糊命题演算的形式演绎系统L~*中引入了封闭理论的概念,讨论了封闭理论的基本性质,并利用封闭理论给出了形式演绎系统L~*的基于公式集的完备性的证明.首先,在形式演绎系统L~*中引入了封闭理论的概念,给出了理论封闭化扩张的方法;其次,在形式演绎系统L~*中引入了完全封闭理论的概念,证明了满足相关条件的完全封闭理论的存在性;第三,对形式演绎系统L~*中的封闭理论确定的同余关系性质进行了讨论,在公式集中引入了强同余关系的概念,给出了封闭理论和强同余关系相互决定的方法;第四,在形式演绎系统L~*中证明了封闭理论型L~*-Lindenbaum代数是R_0代数,并且封闭理论型L~*-Lindenbaum代数是全序的当且仅当封闭理论是完全的;最后,利用完全封闭理论型L~*-Lindenbaum代数完成了形式系统L~*完备性的证明,并改进了原有的结果.     

QUantale中的闭滤子

在Quantale中讨论了与Gabriel拓扑密切关联的闭滤子,给出了闭滤子与闭映射之间的相互确定关系．证明了凝聚左侧Quantale Q的闭滤子全体F(Q)在包含序下构成Frame,并且Q的紧闭滤子全体Fc(Q)是F(Q)的子Frame．最后,证明了凝聚双侧交换Quantale的紧闭滤子全体在包含序下构成Coherent Frame．     

AF C*-代数中的Lie理想

本文描述了AF C*-代数中闭Lie理想,证明了如果AF C*-代数A中的线性流形L 是A的闭Lie理想,则存在A的闭结合理想I和A的典型masa D中的闭子代数EI使得[A,I](?)L(?)I EI,并且A中每一个这种形式的闭子空间都是A的闭Lie理想.     

环的代数封闭性

证明了任一环有代数封闭的扩张环,且实封闭域上的四元数体是代数封闭的,给出了代数封闭环的若干性质.     

局部可分度量空间闭s映象的注记

该文讨论局部可分度量空间闭s映象的分解定理, 证明了正则的Fréchet空间是局部可分度量空间的闭s映象当且仅当满足如下条件: 具有点可数的cs*网, 第一可数的闭子空间是局部可分的, 且Lindelof的闭子空间是可分的.     

Almost Integrally Closed Domains

Abstract

A domain R is called almost integrally closed if R is integrally closed in R _P for each nonzero P ∈ Spec(R). Arbitrary quasilocal domains of (Krull) dimension 1 and arbitrary integrally closed domains are examples of almost integrally closed domains. There are no other examples in the contexts of Noetherian, one-dimensional or pseudo-valuation domains, as a consequence of the fact that any almost integrally closed domain that is not integrally closed has at most one height 1 prime ideal. However, a pullback example shows that a non-integrally closed domain that is almost integrally closed need not be semiquasilocal or of dimension at most 1. By analyzing the behavior of the almost integrally closed property for CPI-extensions, we obtain a characterization of the almost integrally closed locally divided domains. Applications are given to the case of G-domains. It also follows that if a divided domain R is not a field, then R is almost integrally closed if and only if some (resp., each) nonzero P ∈ Spec(R) is such that R _P is almost integrally closed and R is integrally closed in R _P .     

A universal mapping characterization of the completion by cuts

Closed maps of lattices are defined to be those satisfying the condition that the inverse image of closed ideals are closed ideas. Residuated maps are closed and closed maps are complete-join homomorphisms. The natural embeddingj of a lattice into its completion by cuts is a closed map. For every closed map ϕ from a latticeL into a complete latticeM, there exists a unique closed map φ* from the completion by cutsL intoM such that φ*j=φ. This characterizes the completion by cuts. Presented by R. P. Dilworth.     

Locally Closed Semirings and Iteration Semirings

Locally closed semirings, iteration semirings and Conway semirings play an important role in the algebraic theory of semirings and theoretical computer science. Z. ésik and W. Kuich showed that a locally closed commutative semiring is an iteration semiring (is also a Conway semiring). By study of polynomial semirings and matrix semirings, we obtain new expressions of certain polynomials and show that all matrix semirings over a locally closed semiring are also locally closed, and so a locally closed semiring (which need not be commutative) is an iteration semiring.     

Locally Closed Semirings and Iteration Semirings

Locally closed semirings, iteration semirings and Conway semirings play an important role in the algebraic theory of semirings and theoretical computer science. Z. ésik and W. Kuich showed that a locally closed commutative semiring is an iteration semiring (is also a Conway semiring). By study of polynomial semirings and matrix semirings, we obtain new expressions of certain polynomials and show that all matrix semirings over a locally closed semiring are also locally closed, and so a locally closed semiring (which need not be commutative) is an iteration semiring.     

图闭模糊映射与闭模糊映射的关系研究

给出图闭模糊映射和闭模糊映射的关系:图闭模糊映射一定是闭模糊映射;若闭模糊映射是上半连续的则它也是图闭模糊映射.     

Graphensätze für topologische Räume

In generalising a closed graph theorem of Dektjarev [5] we show that each almost closed and uniformly almost continuous relation of a quasi-uniform space to a hypercomplete quasi-uniform space is uniformly continuous. The hypothesis of being almost closed is necessary and actually weaker than the requirement that the relation considered has a closed graph. Since each topological space can be quasi-uniformized, one obtains closed graph theorems for topological spaces.As consequences we get an analogous closed graph theorem for locally uniformly almost continuous relations and a theorem concerning the completeness of the range of each continuous uniformly almost open mapping of a hypercomplete space to a uniform space.Finally we prove a closed graph theorem for relations to locally compact spaces without referring to any quasi-uniformization and thus without assumptions and statements concerning uniformity.     

Extensions and generalized resolvents of closed dissipative operators

Let B be a closed dissipative operator in a Hilbert space ? with an arbitrary domain of definition. We investigate briefly the problem of describing all the closed (and, in particular, the closed maximal) dissipative extensions B of the operator B. Following this we introduce the concept of a generalized resolvent of a closed dissipative operator with an arbitrary domain of definition, and we study the fundamental properties of generalized resolvents.     

Centrally closed hopf module algebras

We introduce a concept of centrally closed Hopf module algebras and show that centrally closed Hopf module algebras inherit all basic properties of centrally closed algebras.     

三维空间型中闭曲面和测地球面的比较

本文建立关于三维空间型中的可定向闭曲面的某些公式.引入积分绝对平均曲率来描述可定向闭曲面的平均弯曲程度.在此意义上,可定向闭曲面可以与作为包含该闭曲面的凸的测地球的边界测地球面进行比较,这种比较能用于说明空间型自身的某些属性     

The Relative Maximum Genus of a Graph

A relative embedding of a graph in a surface with respect to a set of closed walks is one where each of the prescribed closed walks bounds a face of the embedding In the special case where the set of closed walks is empty, this amounts to the usual concept of a graph embedding. We present a formula for the maximum (orientable) genus of the surface on which a graph has a relative embedding with respect to a set of closed walks.     

Closed 2-cell embeddings in the projective plane

An embedding of a multi-graph in a manifold is a closed 2-cell embedding provided the closures of the faces are all closed 2-cells. In this paper we characterized the projective planar multi-graphs that have closed 2-cell embeddings in the projective plane.     

Real Closed Valuation Rings

The real closed valuation rings, i.e., convex subrings of real closed fields, form a proper subclass of the class of real closed domains. It is shown how one can recognize whether a real closed domain is a valuation ring. This leads to a characterization of the totally ordered domains whose real closure is a valuation ring. Real closures of totally ordered factor rings of coordinate rings of real algebraic varieties are very frequently valuation rings. In particular, the real closure of the coordinate ring of a curve is an SV-ring (i.e., the factor rings modulo prime ideals are valuation rings). Real closed valuation rings play a role in the definition of real closed rings, as well as in the construction of real closures of rings and porings. They can also be used for the study of univariate differentiable semi-algebraic functions. This leads to the notion of differentiablility of semi-algebraic functions along half branches of curves.     

Morse index and the stability of closed geodesics

Let ind(c) be the Morse index of a closed geodesic c in an(n+1)-dimensional Riemannian manifold M.We prove that an oriented closed geodesic c is unstable if n + ind(c) is odd and a non-oriented closed geodesic c is unstable if n + ind(c) is even.Our result is a generalization of the famous theorem due to Poincar'e which states that the closed minimizing geodesic on a Riemann surface is unstable.     

CARTESIAN CLOSED COREFLECTIVE HULLS

Conditions are established under which a given class of objects in a topological category will have a Cartesian closed coreflective hull. The main theorem is used to discover new Cartesian closed topological categories and to unify a diversity of known special results. It also provides a mild criterion for the existence of Cartesian closed topological hulls.