甲基红-H2O2-HRP伏安酶联免疫分析法测定HRP及其标记物

提出了一种新的辣根过氧化物酶的底物-甲基红,它本身具有电化学活性,能够在静汞电极上发生还原反应,产生灵敏的伏安电流信号.以H2O2为氧化剂,HRP能催化氧化还原反应的发生,使甲基红被氧化分解,其平衡浓度降低,对应的还原峰电流降低,峰电流的降低值与HRP的质量浓度在5.0×10-8～5.0×10-7g/mL之间呈线性关系,对2.0×10-7g/mL HRP进行11次测定的相对标准偏差为4.6%,方法的检出限为1.8×10-8g/mL.应用于IgG-HRP和Avidin-HRP的测定.     

伏安酶联免疫分析体系测定南方菜豆花叶病毒

本文提出用邻氨基酚 ( OAP) - H2 O2 -辣根过氧化物酶 ( HRP)伏安酶联免疫分析体系测定 HRP和南方菜豆花叶病毒 ( SBMV)。该方法是将 HRP催化 H2 O2 与 OAP的酶催化反应与邻氨基酚的氧化中间产物在滴汞电极上的还原反应相偶合 ,在 BR缓冲溶液中 ,在 - 0 .87V( vs.SCE)左右产生灵敏的伏安峰。利用该极谱波对 HRP的检测限为 5× 10 -12 g/m L,线性范围为 6.0× 10 -12～ 4 .0× 10 -9g/m L。用该方法测定南方菜豆花叶病毒取得了令人满意的结果。     

酸性铬蓝K-H2O2-HRP伏安酶联免疫分析法测定HRP及其标记物

本文提出了一种新的辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)的底物--酸性铬蓝K(ACBK),它本身具有电化学活性,能够在汞电极上发生还原反应.以H2O2为氧化剂,HRP的加入能加快氧化反应的进行,使酸性铬蓝K被氧化分解,其平衡浓度降低,对应的还原峰电流降低,峰电流的降低值同HRP的加入量在8.0×10-8～1.0×10-6 g/mL之间呈线性关系.用于IgG-HRP的测定,最高稀释比为1∶5 000.     

以OT为底物固体电极伏安法测定辣根过氧化物酶及其标记物的研究

以玻碳电极为工作电极研究了邻联甲苯胺(OT)为底物微分脉冲伏安法测定辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)及其标记物的方法。HRP能够催化H2O2氧化OT,其反应产物在玻碳电极上-0.58V(vs.Ag/AgCl)左右被还原产生一个灵敏的还原峰,还原峰电流随着酶浓度的增大而增大,借助此还原电流可以测定HRP,并进而可用于以HRP为标记物的酶免疫分析。对酶催化反应条件和酶催化反应产物的测定条件进行了详细的研究,在最佳实验条件下测定游离HRP的线性范围是2.0×10-9～4.0×10-8g/mL,检出限为1.6×10-9g/mL;测定游离的酶标记物(IgG HRP),稀释范围为1∶2000～1∶400000,最大稀释比为1∶400000。     

MAP-H2O2-HRP伏安酶联免疫分析新体系的光谱及电化学研究

提出了间氨基酚(MAP)-H2O2-辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)伏安酶联免疫分析新体系.本方法以线性扫描二阶导数伏安法检测HRP催化H2O2氧化MAP的产物,用于游离HRP和各种HRP标记物的测定,灵敏度均高于经典的ELISA显色光度法.测定游离HRP的线性范围为1.0×10-8～1.0×10-6g/L,检测限达3.8×10-9g/L.制备出了HRP催化H2O2氧化MAP的产物纯品,并应用电化学分析,高效液相色谱,元素分析,紫外-可见光谱,红外光谱,1H核磁共振谱,13C核磁共振谱及质谱等技术对体系酶促反应进行了深入的研究.在选择的酶促反应条件下,生成的产物为2-氨基-5-[(3-羟苯基)氨基]-2,5-环己二烯基-1,4-二酮.提出了酶催化反应机理及其产物的电极还原过程.     

以邻苯二胺为底物固体电极方波伏安法检测辣根过氧化物酶及其标记物

以玻碳电极为工作电极,研究了邻苯二胺(OPD)为底物伏安法检测辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)及其标记物的方法。HRP能够催化H_2O_2氧化OPD,其反应产物在玻碳电极上于-0.42V(vs.Ag/Agcl)左右产生一个灵敏的还原峰,峰电流随着HRP浓度的增大而增大,借助此还原电流可以测定HRP,并进而可用于以HRP为标记物的电化学酶免疫分析。用方波伏安法对酶催化反应条件和酶催化反应产物的测定条件进行了详细的研究,在最佳条件下测定游离HRP的线性范围是1.0×10~(-10)～4.0×10~(-9)g/mL,检出限为8.5×10~(-11)g/mL;对游离的酶标记物(IgG-HRP)的测定最大稀释比为1:2000000。     

血红蛋白模拟过氧化物酶催化H2O2氧化邻氨基酚的固体电极伏安法研究

探讨了用血红蛋白作为辣根过氧化物酶的替代物,用于催化H2O2氧化邻氨基酚的反应体系.其催化反应生成一种具有电化学活性的产物,该产物在玻碳电极上于-0.370 V(vs.Ag/AgCl)产生一个峰形良好的还原峰.还原峰电流随着血红蛋白浓度的增大而增大.同时用微分脉冲伏安法对血红蛋白的催化反应条件进行了优化,选择了催化反应产物的伏安测定的最佳条件.在该条件下,该体系可用于血红蛋白的测定,线性范围为4.0×10-8～8.0×10-7mol/L,检出限为3.4 × 10-8 mol/L.用循环伏安法研究了该产物在不同pH B-R缓冲溶液中于玻碳电极上的电化学性质.     

ODA-H_2O_2-HRP伏安酶联免疫分析新体系的研究

提出邻联茴香胺-H_2O_2-HRP伏安酶联免疫分析新体系,并用于测定HRP和HRP标记物.该方法是将HRP催化H_2O_2氧化邻联茴香胺的酶催化反应与邻联茴香胺的氧化产物的电极还原反应相偶合,在BR缓冲溶液中,在-0.56V(SCE)左右产生灵敏的极谱波.应用此极谱波测定HRP的检测限为3.7×10~(-12)g/mL,线性范围为1.O×1O~(-11)～2.0×10~(-9)g/mL.对邻联茴香胺-H_2O_2-HRP伏安酶联免疫分析新体系的偶合反应机理及电极还原过程进行了较详细的探讨.     

2-氨基-3-羟基吡啶-过氧化氢-辣根过氧化物酶伏安酶联免疫体系分析人血清癌胚抗原

以氮杂环化合物为电化学分析底物的2-氨基-3-羟基吡啶-H2O2-辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)伏安酶联免疫体系测定人血清癌胚抗原(CEA).HRP催化H2O2氧化2-氨基-3-羟基吡啶的酶促反应产物,在缓冲液中-0.36 V处产生一个灵敏的伏安还原峰,借助此峰可以测定游离的HRP,进而可用于以HRP为标记物的酶联免疫分析.对酶促反应条件和测定条件的优化反应条件为:以B-R缓冲液(pH 6.0)为反应介质,在10 mL总反应液中含有1.0 mL 0.2 mol/L B-R缓冲液、3.0 mL 8.0 mmol/L 2-氨基-3-羟基吡啶溶液以及1.5 mL 0.5 mmol/L H2O2溶液,反应温度37 ℃,反应时间30 min.最佳测定条件为:B-R缓冲液(pH 7.0)为支持电解质,在10 mL总测定溶液中含有5 mL上述总反应液、1.0 mL 0.2 mol/L B-R缓冲液.测定仪器条件:起始电位0.00 V,终止电位-0.80 V,电位扫描速度400 mV/s,滴汞静止时间7 s.在最佳的反应条件和测定条件下,新体系测定游离HRP的线性范围为4.0×10-4～1.0 μg/L; 对HRP的检出限为0.12 ng/L.新体系对CEA测定的线性范围为0.50～80.0 μg/L; 检出限为0.50 μg/L.为经典ELISA法的检出限的1/10.     

以3,3′,5,5′-四甲基联苯胺为底物的伏安酶联免疫分析体系研究

对 3 ,3′,5 ,5′ 四甲基联苯胺 (TMB) H2 O2 辣根过氧化物酶 (HRP)伏安酶联免疫分析体系进行了研究。HRP催化H2 O2 氧化TMB ,其氧化产物在汞电极上可以发生还原反应 ,在B R缓冲溶液中 ,-0 .76V(vs.SCE)处产生较为灵敏的伏安波。将此伏安波应用于测定HRP和HRP的标记物。测定HRP的线性范围为 6.0×1 0 - 1 1 ～ 5 .0× 1 0 - 9g mL ,检测限为 5 .0× 1 0 - 1 1 g mL。对该体系酶催化反应机理及产物的电极还原过程进行了探讨     

Sc2MgGa2 and Y2MgGa2

Scandium magnesium gallide, Sc₂MgGa₂, and yttrium magnesium gallide, Y₂MgGa₂, were synthesized from the corresponding elements by heating under an argon atmosphere in an induction furnace. These intermetallic compounds crystallize in the tetragonal Mo₂FeB₂‐type structure. All three crystallographically unique atoms occupy special positions and the site symmetries of (Sc/Y, Ga) and Mg are m2m and 4/m, respectively. The coordinations around Sc/Y, Mg and Ga are pentagonal (Sc/Y), tetragonal (Mg) and triangular (Ga) prisms, with four (Mg) or three (Ga) additional capping atoms leading to the coordination numbers [10], [8+4] and [6+3], respectively. The crystal structure of Sc₂MgGa₂ was determined from single‐crystal diffraction intensities and the isostructural Y₂MgGa₂ was identified from powder diffraction data.     

Zur Kenntnis der Dialkalimetalldichalkogenide β-Na2S2, K2S2, α-Rb2S2, β-Rb2S2, K2Se2, Rb2Se2, α-K2Te2, β-K2Te2 und Rb2Te2

On Dialkali Metal Dichalcogenides β-Na₂S₂, K₂S₂, α-Rb₂S₂, β-Rb₂S₂, K₂Se₂, Rb₂Se₂, α-K₂Te₂, β-K₂Te₂ and Rb₂Te₂ The first presentation of pure samples of α- and β-Rb₂S₂, α- and β-K₂Te₂, and Rb₂Te₂ is described. Using single crystals of K₂S₂ and K₂Se₂, received by ammonothermal synthesis, the structure of the Na₂O₂ type and by using single crystals of β-Na₂S₂ and β-K₂Te₂ the Li₂O₂ type structure will be refined. By combined investigations with temperature-dependent Guinier-, neutron diffraction-, thermal analysis, and Raman-spectroscopy the nature of the monotropic phase transition from the Na₂O₂ type to the Li₂O₂ type will be explained by means of the examples α-/β-Na₂S₂ and α-/β-K₂Te₂. A further case of dimorphic condition as well as the monotropic phase transition of α- and β-Rb₂S₂ is presented. The existing areas of the structure fields of the dialkali metal dichalcogenides are limited by the model of the polar covalence.     

Crystal Structures of [Bu2Sn(O2PPh2)2], [Ph2Sn(O2PPh2)2], and [PhClSn(O2PPh2)OMe]2. Raman Spectra of [Ph2Sn(O2PPh2)2] and [PhClSn(O2PPh2)OMe]2

[(n‐Bu)₂Sn(O₂PPh₂)₂] ( 1 ), and [Ph₂Sn(O₂PPh₂)₂] ( 2 ) have been synthesized by the reactions of R₂SnCl₂ (R=n‐Bu, Ph) with HO₂PPh₂ in Methanol. From the reaction of Ph₂SnCl₂ with diphenylphosphinic acid a third product [PhClSn(O₂PPh₂)OMe]₂ ( 3 ) could be isolated. X‐ray diffraction studies show 1 to crystallize in the monoclinic space group P2₁/c with a = 1303.7(1) pm, b = 2286.9(2) pm, c = 1063.1(1) pm, β = 94.383(6)°, and Z = 4. 2 crystallizes triclinic in the space group , the cell parameters being a = 1293.2(2) pm, b = 1478.5(4) pm, c = 1507.2(3) pm, α = 98.86(3)°, β = 109.63(2)°, γ = 114.88(2)°, and Z = 2. Both compounds form arrays of eight‐membered rings (SnOPO)₂ linked at the tin atoms to form chains of infinite length. The dimer 3 consists of a like ring, in which the tin atoms are bridged by methoxo groups. It crystallizes triclinic in space group with a = 946.4(1) pm, b = 963.7(1) pm, c = 1174.2(1) pm, α = 82.495(6)°, β = 66.451(6)°, γ = 74.922(6)°, and Z = 1 for the dimer. The Raman spectra of 2 and 3 are given and discussed.     

Electrochemical study of (NEt4)2Cl2FeS2MoS2 and (NEt4)2Cl2FeS2MoS2FeCl2

Summary The ability of [MoS₄]^2–, anions to be used as ligands for transition metal ions has been widely demonstrated, especially with Fe²⁺. The present study has been restricted to linear complexes such as (NEt₄)₂ [Cl₂FeS₂MoS₂] and (NEt₄)₂[Cl₂FeS₂MoS₂FeCl₂]. Their electrochemical properties are described: upon electrochemical reduction, these compounds yield MoS₂, as a black precipitate, and an iron complex in solution, assumed to be [SFeCl₂]^2–. The electrochemical reduction goes through two electron transfers, coupled with the breakdown of the molecular skeleton: a DISPl and an ECE mechanism. Depending on the solvent, the following equilibrium may be observed: [Cl₄Fe₂MoS₄]^2–[Cl₂FeMoS₄]^2–+FeCl₂. The equilibrium constant, K_D, was evaluated by differential pulse polarography. K_D is tightly related to the donor number of the solvent.     

The alkali hypophosphites KH2PO2, RbH2PO2 and CsH2PO2

The structures of the hypophosphites KH₂PO₂ (potassium hypophosphite), RbH₂PO₂ (rubidium hypophosphite) and CsH₂PO₂ (caesium hypophosphite) have been determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The structures consist of layers of alkali cations and hypophosphite anions, with the latter bridging four cations within the same layer. The Rb and Cs hypophosphites are isomorphous.     

Syntheses,Spectroscopic Studies,and Crystal Structures of Me2Sn(O2PPh2)2, Ph2Pb(O2PMe2)2, and Ph2Pb(O2PPh2)2

Me₂Sn(O₂PPh₂)₂ ( 1 ), Ph₂Pb(O₂PMe₂)₂ ( 2 ), and Ph₂Pb(O₂PPh₂)₂ ( 3 ) have been synthesized by the reactions of Me₂SnCl₂ or Ph₃PbCl with the corresponding diorganophosphinic acid in methanol. X‐ray diffraction studies show that the diorganophosphinate groups behave as double bridges between the metal atoms leading to polymeric ring‐chain structures with M₂O₄P₂ (M = Pb, Sn) eight‐membered rings. The organic groups bonded to the metal atoms are in trans‐position in the resulting octahedral arrangement around the metal atoms. The IR and the mass spectra were reported and discussed.     

Thermal decomposition of Me3SnO2PCl2, Me2Sn(O2PCl2)2 and Ph3SnO2PCl2

TG and DTA studies on Me₃SnO₂PCl₂, Me₂Sn(O₂PCl₂)₂ and Ph₃SnO₂PCl₂ were carried out under dynamic argon atmosphere. The results show that the decomposition proceeds in different stages leading to the formation of Sn₃(PO₄)₂ as a stable product. This compound was characterized by IR spectroscopy. Decomposition schemes involving reductive elimination reactions were proposed.