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1.
In a capacitively coupled RF discharge system with external electrodes ,hexamethyicyclotrisiloxane was polymerized, and the effects of discharge power and plasma gas on polymer deposition rate were studied. The polymer structures and properties were studied by IR spectroscopy, XPS measurement, PGC/MS combined technique, TG analysis and contact angle measuring. The results showed that the polymers prepared in H_2 or O_2 have higher C/Si ratio in comparison with those prepared in inert gases. PGC/MS results revealed the existence of many short carbon chains in the polymer structure .TG analysis suggested that the polymers prepared in the inert gas would possess better thermal stabilities. 相似文献
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求得了六氟丙烯等离子体聚合物(PPHFP)膜的热裂解反应活化能为101.6 kJmol~(-1),半分解温度为322℃。讨论了不同条件下聚合速率的变化,找出了反应器内各点的聚合速率与压力的关系曲线,同时也证实了N_2作等离子气体时,N可以化学键的形式进入PPHFP膜结构。 相似文献
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用NH_3和CO_2双组分并吸附TPD-MS和IR技术对ZrO_2催化剂表面酸中心和碱中心的相互关系进行了表征. 先吸附NH_3(或CO_2)对在其后吸附的CO_2(或NH_3)不仅无阻碍,反而导致后吸附CO_2(或NH_3)在最高程脱峰温区(>510 K)的脱附量增加.这种双组分并吸附效应在IR谱图上表现为NH_3共吸附诱发生成了一种新的CO_2吸附态,即在碱中心上形成单齿碳酸根物种.同时CO_2共吸附又强化NH_3与Zr~(4+)(Lewis酸中心)的配位键合.这表明ZrO_2表面存在相互邻接的酸中心和碱中心,它们通过表面键诱导极化而令酸-碱相互作用加强.这类双组分共吸附效应可归结为表面键诱导酸-碱相互作用. 相似文献
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Yu-ying Li Jia-song He State Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics Center for Molecular Science Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China 《高分子科学》2002,(3):191-196
Solid phase transition of the a form crystals to the β form crystals in syndiotactic polystyrene (sPS) samples hasoccurred in supercritical CO_2. This transformation is different from those detected under other conditions. The effects ofsome factors (e.g time, temperature, and pressure) on the solid phase transformation of sPS in supercritical CO_2 wereanalyzed in detail. Experimental results show that longer time, higher temperature or higher pressure favors thetransformation of the α form crystals to the β form crystals. 相似文献
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The NdCl_3/MgCl_2 bisupported catalyst was prepared by using NdCl_3 ,MgCl_2, (CH_3)_2(CH_2)_2 OH and TiCl_4. It is shown that the structure of bisupported catalyst was different from those of either NdCl_3 or MgCl_2 single supported catalyst. A peculiar type of kinetic curve for ethylene polymerization was found. 相似文献
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The supported catalysts for propylene polymerization were prepared by milling Mg (OEt)_2 with EB (ethylbenzoate) and treating with TiCl_4 solution. When TiCl_4/(Mg(OEt)_2/EB) (mol.) ratio was increased, decrease in contents of-OEt and Ti of the catalysts was observed, while the content of EB increased. It is proved by analyses of IR, X-ray and XPS that during co-milling Mg(OEt)_2 with EB no reactions have taken place. But after treatment with TiCl_4 solution, Mg(OEt)_2 converts into MgCl_2 and EB coordinates on the resulting MgCl_2 carrier, a surface complex forms.The activity of catalysts,isotacticity and vicosimetric molecular weight of polypropylene increase with the decrease of the content of ethoxyl group. The kinetic curves of propene polymerization obtained with present catalysts system display decay curves. It is found from the triad tacticity calculated from the expanded spectra of methyl carbon region that, ethoxyl group in catalyst has an effect on the configuration of polymer chain. 相似文献
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Surface modification of nucle-microporous membrane by plasma polymerization of HEMA, NVP and D_4 has been studied. The hydrophilicity of membranes was increased with increasing of plasma polymerization time of hydrophilic monomers HEMA and NVP. The flow rate of water through the membrane was increased remarkably after plasma polymerization of HEMA on it. 相似文献
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给电子体在丙烯聚合MgCl_2载体催化剂体系中的作用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
研究了不同给电子体分别作为内给电子体(D_(in))和外给电子体(D_(ex))对MgCl_2载体催化剂体系活性和定向性能的影响。还讨论了D_(in)和D_(ex)的搭配作用。烷氧基硅烷、苯甲酸乙酯(EB)、邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯(DIBP)和2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶(TMP)用作Dex,可以明显改善聚丙烯的等规度,而同时使催化活性大大降低。EB、DIBP和TMP用作D_(in)的效果则各不相同。烷氧基硅烷等D_(ex)提高等规度的作用是由于它们选择性地使无规活性中心失活大大高于等规活性中心。适当的D_(in)和D_(ex)搭配,可以获得兼具高活性和高定向性能的催化剂体系。 相似文献
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By metal impregnation of selected naturally occurring organic materials followed by controlled carbonization, metal semicoke catalysts can be readily prepared. These catalysts have been tested in the synthesis of hydrocarbons and alcohols from CO/H2 and CO2/H2 mixtures. Fe and Co preparations have been used. Relatively high temperatures are required when using these catalysts, which are quite active for synthesis using CO2 and H2. The pressure (5150 kPa) is very favorable both for the synthesis of liquid hydrocarbons (C5–C30) and alcohols (C1–C5).
. CO/H2 CO2/H2. Fe Co. , CO2 H2. 5150 ) (C5–C30) (C1–C5).相似文献
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采用恒电位电解方法,分别在酸性和碱性两种饱和乙炔的水介质中,探讨了乙炔在铜/石墨阴极上(石墨上电沉积铜和石墨一铜层状嵌入物)的电催化还原和电引发聚合行为。电极对乙炔还原成乙烯表现较高活性和很高选择性(~99%,对气相产物)。对电极上活性组份Cu0(或Cu1)与乙炔分子可能发生的σ—π活化作用和加氢方式进行了讨论。本文还运用现场与非现场Raman光谱技术,考察了在乙快还原的同时,电极表面上形成聚乙炔复盖物的情况,提出了一种电引发聚合机理,能较好地解释实验事实。 相似文献
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Masahiro Saito 《Catalysis Surveys from Japan》1998,2(2):175-184
Methanol synthesis from CO2 and H2 can be a useful process for conversion and transportation of hydrogen energy derived from non-fossil energies. More than ten research groups in Japan have extensively investigated the methanol synthesis from both academic and practical points of view. Recent R&D activities in Japan for developing high performance catalysts, for elucidating the reaction mechanism and also for operating a bench scale plant have been reviewed in this paper. 相似文献
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Various supported Pt-Pb bimetallic catalysts were prepared and applied for the catalytic conversion of nitrobenzene to p-aminophenol in the environmentally benign pressurized CO_2/H_2O system.Among the bimetallic catalysts prepared,Pt-Pb/SiO_2 is the best and nitrobenzene could be converted to paminophenol with a selectivity as high as 82% when the reaction was carried out using this catalyst at110 ℃ under 5 MPa CO_2 and 0.2 MPa H_2. 相似文献
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CaO对Cu-ZnO-ZrO催化CO加H合成甲醇性能影响 《燃料化学学报》2016,44(4):437-448
用CaO作为改性助剂,采用并流共沉淀法制备了CuO∶ZnO∶ZrO_2为5∶4∶1(物质的量比),CaO添加量为0、1%、2%、4%、8%、16%(摩尔分数)的六组催化剂。用X射线衍射(XRD)、微商热重(TG-DTG)、傅里叶红外(FT-IR)、N2吸附脱附(BET)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、氢气程序升温还原(H_2-TPR)、CO_2程序升温脱附(CO_2-TPD)、NH_3程序升温脱附(NH_3-TPD)对催化剂进行了表征。用自制固定床评价了催化剂活性。结果表明,添加CaO后,催化剂路易斯酸性和表面碱性增强;催化剂母体中高温碳酸盐含量增加,热稳定性增强,CuO颗粒粒径变小,Cu-Zn协同作用增强,Cu比表面积增大,分散性变好。催化剂活性受到表面酸碱性、铜比表面积、Cu-Zn协同作用和铜分散性共同影响。当CaO为2%时,铜比表面积为79.3 m2/g、铜分散度为34.8%、CO_2转化率为24.55%、甲醇选择性为19.01%、甲醇收率为0.044 g/(gcat·h),催化剂活性最好。过量CaO占据催化剂孔道和覆盖表面活性位,使催化剂路易斯酸性和表面碱性过强,CuO与H_2有效接触减少,CO_2难以脱附,催化活性下降。因此,适量CaO(2%)添加可促进CO_2加氢反应合成甲醇。 相似文献
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低阶煤半焦利用热重在O/COO/N和O/Ar气氛下燃烧特性研究 《燃料化学学报》2016,44(9):1066-1073
利用热重研究了两种中国西北典型低阶煤半焦的燃烧特性。探究了不同气氛(O2/CO2、O2/N2和O2/Ar)和不同氧气浓度对其燃烧特性的影响。实验结果表明,无论是反应气氛还是氧气浓度都会对低阶煤半焦的燃烧产生影响。相比于N2和Ar,CO2明显有利于燃烧反应进行:当反应气氛由O2/CO2变为O2/Ar时,两种不同低阶煤半焦的燃尽温度分别升高了63.7和68.8℃;而当反应气氛由O2/CO2变为O2/N2时,两种不同低阶煤半焦的燃尽温度分别升高了135.9和129.6℃。在研究范围内,氧气浓度的提高也能明显提高半焦的燃烧性能。与此同时,半焦燃烧特性的动力学分析表明,随着氧气浓度提高,两种半焦燃烧反应的表观活化能E和指前因子A均呈增大趋势。通过对E和A两者关系的分析结果表明,半焦富氧燃烧的活化能和指前因子存在动力学补偿效应。 相似文献
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NOx存储-还原技术是控制汽车稀燃NOx排放的重要手段之一,在汽车尾气中H2O、CO2组分含量均相对较高,有必要弄清这些组分对NOx存储-还原特性的影响。论文以MnOx改性Pt/Ba/Al2O3催化剂为研究对象,评价在不同气氛下的NOx存储能力和催化还原性能。结果表明:CO2、H2O组分均抑制催化剂的NOx存储性能,H2O的抑制作用主要表现在低温区,CO2抑制NOx存储的现象在高温区更为显著。CO2对NOx存储速率的抑制作用较H2O更为明显,且其NOx存储速率随着温度的升高表现的差异性更为明显。对于NOx催化还原过程,CO2、H2O或CO2 H2O添加均导致N2选择性降低,其N2选择性按CO2 > H2O > CO2 H2O的顺序降低。 相似文献
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Theoretical models are studied which illustrate how the hydration reaction CO2 + H2O → H2CO3 can be catalysed by one or two cationic binding sites (NH4+). In the latter, the arrangement of the two bindings sites is held during the course of the reaction, simulating a rigid molecular receptor. Two different arrangements of the binding sites are studied, and their relative abilities to lower the activation energy of the hydration reaction are studied. 相似文献