调制式红外光汽车速度识别系统的研究

当前为了搞好交通管制,消除交通安全隐患,通常采用雷达测速法(多普勒效应法)对违章(超快或超慢)车辆的速度进行识别、取证。但近期市场上出现了一种俗称“电子狗”的无线电接收装置,若将其配备在车辆上,车辆在接近雷达测速区时,就可提前捕捉到雷达测速信息而报警,便迅速转为遵章行驶,逃避交通管制,一旦越过雷达测速区后,就又违章行驶了,事故隐患犹存。针对这种状况,作者研制了以红外光传感器为核心的新的测速系统。该系统测速时不会被“电子狗”所发现,不仅能识别汽车速度V的大小,还能测出其速度超过上限速度(V_max)的量值+ΔV或低于下限速度(V_min)的量值-ΔV等信息,据该信息驱动取证系统(打印、照相)工作,能有效提高交通管制的力度,为消除事故隐患,保证人民生命财产的安全起到积极作用。     

球反弹速度与入射速度关系的研究

1弹性碰撞（弹性恢复系数e=1） ①地面水平光滑 球与地面发生弹性碰撞,如图1所示,则有：     

关于速度分解的逻辑分析

简要论述了“ 速度的分解与合成”的特征, 通过实例对教学中的速度分解问题进行了逻辑分析, 力图揭 示速度分解问题的本质关系, 解答相关教学疑难     

测量电子气体的速度分布函数

利用夫兰克-赫兹实验仪测量了电子气体的速度分布函数,并分析了电子与氩原子碰撞的动力学过程.     

碰撞转动传能的量子干涉效应中微分干涉角的研究

转动传能的量子干涉效应在静态池实验中发现,并且已测得积分干涉角．为了得到更多关于穿能的准确信息,应利用分之束进行实验．本文基于一阶含时波恩近似,模拟了利用分子束实验进行量子干涉效应研究的理论模型．此模型采用了Lennard-Jones 相互作用势和直线轨道近似．通过本文建立的模型,研究了影响干涉效应的微分干涉角的因素,并且得到了微分干涉角和碰撞速度、碰撞参数及碰撞伴间的关系．此理论模型对于对于指导分子束实验具有重要的意义．     

碰撞问题的速度矩阵表达和能量损失及传递率分析

以两体碰撞为例, 对碰撞前后的速度关系利用矩阵作了简明表达. 全面分析了碰撞前后的能量组成及 关系, 阐述了资用能的物理意义, 求出了能量损失、 能量传递率等表达式. 本文的分析方法也可推广到多体碰撞问 题中去     

一次交通事故的力学分析

用力学定律对一次交通事故作细致考察和分析之后，得到了正确的责任推断。     

平面碰撞中快粒子增速问题的几何描述

本文用几何的方法说明平面碰撞中快粒子增速的速度范围，两粒子碰撞时刻相互作用力方向怎样时才能出现快粒子的增速和快粒子增速的概率问题。     

气液两相流中气泡速度的图像处理

提出了一种在高空隙率下气液两相流中气泡速度场的图像分析方法.该方法基于应用多重空间分辨率,也就是回归相关PIV法(RCC-PIV)计算气液两相流中气泡的速度.通过比较一些PTV和PIV的算法,回归相关能得到最好的关于气泡光学和动力学特性的测定结果,肯定了本算法的适用性.研究结果表明,气泡速度高频率的振动发生在剪切层和上表面附近,而低频振动在实验装置的中部占优.     

碰撞转动传能的量子干涉效应中微分干涉角的研究

转动传能的量子干涉效应在静态池实验中发现,并且已测得积分干涉角.为了得到更多关于传能的准确信息,应利用分子束进行实验.本文基于一阶含时波恩近似,模拟了利用分子束实验进行量子干涉效应研究的理论模型.此模型采用了Lennard-Jones相互作用势和直线轨道近似.通过本文建立的模型,研究了影响干涉效应的微分干涉角的因素,并且得到了徽分干涉角和碰撞速度、碰撞参数及碰撞体的关系.此理论模型对于指导分子束实验具有重要的意义.     

Nonliner Analysis of a Synthesized Optimal Velocity Model for Traffic Flow

We analyze a new car-following model described by a differential-difference equation with a synthesized optimal velocity function (SOVF), which depends on the front interactions between every two adjacent vehicles instead of the weighted average headway. The model is analyzed with the use of the linear stability theory and nonlinear analysis method. The stability and neutral stability condition are obtained. We also derive the modified KdV (Korteweg-de Vries) equation and the kink-antikink soliton solution near the critical point. A simulation is conducted with integrating the differential-difference equation by the Euler scheme. The results of the numerical simulation verify the validity of the new model.     

牛顿力学形式和相对论力学的协变性

指出若将能量（包括动能）、动量都理解为相对论中的能量和动量，则牛顿力学中的功能原理、动能定理、动量定理、牛顿运动定律及力对物体所作的功率、能量－动量守恒定律及其守恒条件在相对论中都是协变的，并给出了它们的协变形式。     

激光在汽车工业中的发展现状与应用

介绍了近年来激光技术在汽车工业中的几项重要应用，详述了激光在诸如激光焊接、激光打标、激光热处理和激光切割等有关汽车工业技术中的应用状况，同时对汽车工业中所用激光类型进行了归类。最后综述了半导体激光器泵浦全固态激光器以及短脉冲和超短脉冲激光的应用前景。     

Application of the BASNEF Model in Safety Training in Automobile Manufacturing Plants

After controls, including engineering and management, the final way to control noise is to use hearing protection devices. Due to the lack of a standardized questionnaire regarding investigating workers’ use of hearing protection devices on the basis of the BASNEF behavioral model, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of health education based on the BASNEF model on the use of hearing protection devices in workers of an automobile manufacturing plant in Iran. This quasi-experimental and prospective intervention study was performed on 80 workers at an automobile manufacturing plant who are exposed to noise levels above 85 decibels and do not use hearing protection devices. In this study, 40 people working in a cast iron foundry were selected as the intervention group, and 40 working in aluminum casting were chosen as the control group. Questionnaires were analyzed at the beginning of the intervention and three months after the intervention in the intervention and control groups. There was no significant difference between the intervention and control groups before the intervention. There was a significant difference between the intervention and control groups after the intervention in the area of knowledge. A significant correlation was observed between the intervention and control groups after the intervention program in all areas of the BASNEF educational model except behavioral intention. In this study, the effect of educational intervention on the use of hearing protection devices was investigated, and with the educational intervention, it was tried to get help from influential people and enabling factors in education based on the BASNEF model. The results showed that the educational intervention based on the BASNEF model can improve the knowledge of individuals in both the intervention and control groups.     

力学模型和规律在"哥伦比亚"号失事原因中的运用

运用弹性碰撞、完全非弹性碰撞两种力学模型和动量守恒定律、动量定理等力学规律分析讨论了“哥伦比亚”号航天飞机失事的原因,旨在使读者对物理知识在航天器中的应用有更多的了解．     

密立根油滴实验中运动速度的分析简

通过对带电全程推导分析,而只是选取油滴匀速运动的区域进行测量。通过对带电全程推导分析,得到结果发现油滴在极短时间内就近似达到了极限速度,因此对于匀速区域的选取并不需要特别说明,实验本身的设计是十分合理。     

Analysis of the Wrinkle of an Automobile Weather-Strip Seal in Bending

Weather-strip seals in automotive door systems play a major role in determining the door closing effort, isolating the passenger compartment from water and reducing the wind noise inside the vehicle. The phenomenon of a wrinkle often occurs in weather-strips when they are assembled on the door surfaces which have bent or twisted profiles. Wrinkles in automobile weather-strip seals will affect the closing effort and noise isolation characteristics of the automotive door system. The wrinkle of anethylene-propylene-diene (EPDM) automobile weather-strip seals when bent and the critical conditions for a wrinkle to develop were characterized in this study. The hyperelastic material behavior of the EPDM sponge and EPDM dense rubber in the seal were modeled using the Foam model and Mooney–Rivlin model, respectively. Then a finite element analysis (FEA) model of the automobile weather-strip seal in assembly was developed and analyzed using then on linear FEA software Marc. The deformation of the seal and the thickness decrease in the critical region where it was prone to wrinkle were obtained by this FEA method. Finally the critical criterion of wrinkling was determined by analysis of the reaction forces in the critical region. The proposed analysis method can shorten the product design cycle and decrease the design and trial-product cost considerably.     

The Effect of the Relative Velocity on Traffic Flow

The optimal velocity model of traffic is extended to take the relative velocity into account. The traffic behavior is investigated numerically and analytically with this model. It is shown that the car interaction with the relative velocity can effect the stability of the traffic flow and raise critical density. The jamming transition between the freely moving and jamming phases is investigated with the linear stability analysis and nonlinear perturbation methods. The traffic jam is described by the kink solution of the modified Korteweg--de Vries equation. The theoretical result is in good agreement with the simulation.     

The Effect of the Relative Velocity on Traffic Flow

The optimal velocity model of traffc is extended to take the relative velocity into account. The traffcbehavior is investigated numerically and analytically with this model. It is shown that the car interaction with therelative velocity can effect the stability of the traffic flow and raise critical density. The jamming transition between thefreely moving and jamming phases is investigated with the linear stability analysis and nonlinear perturbation methods.The traffic jam is described by the kink solution of the modified Korteweg-de Vries equation. The theoretical result isin good agreement with the simulation.     

Bifurcation Analysis of the Full Velocity Difference Model

Bifurcation is investigated with the full velocity difference traffic model. Applying the Hopt theorem, an analytical Hopf bifurcation calculation is performed and the critical road length is determined for arbitrary numbers of vehicles. It is found that the Hopf bifurcation critical points locate on the boundary of the linear instability region. Crossing the boundary, the uniform traffic flow loses linear stability via Hopf bifurcation and the oscillations appear.