高中物理“氢原子光谱与玻尔模型”的教学尝试

利用分光计、三棱镜,将氢原子光谱呈现在高中物理课堂.利用光栅,准确测量谱线波长,并引导学生得到巴尔末公式,进行深入思考.将玻尔理论进行系统教学,用理论解释实验,得到了很好的教学效果.在本课中,弥补了学生对于氢原子光谱实验现象的缺失,也弥补了教材对于玻尔理论系统性的缺失.     

基于VC++和MATLAB的氢原子光谱数据处理系统

在氢原子光谱实验中,由色散规律求氢原子光谱波长的数据处理十分复杂。本文利用3次样条插值和误差随机化方法来进行数据处理。利用VC++和MATLAB的混合编程,建立氢原子光谱数据处理系统。该系统充分发挥了VC++在界面设计上的优势,同时利用MATLAB处理复杂数据和表达图像的能力,因此该系统结构合理、使用方便。     

利用色散关系拟合氢原子光谱定标曲线

本文介绍了如何利用折射率的洛伦茨色散关系拟合氢原子光谱实验的定标曲线的方法。通过引入这种处理方式,提高了数据处理的科学性和严谨性,同时能更深刻地理解了氢原子光谱实验中的实验现象。     

氢原子光谱实验的改进

氢原子光谱实验的改进朱鹤年钱启予路峻岭（清华大学物理系北京１０００８４）（收稿日期：１９９５－１２－２０）有的作者曾引用过这样的评述：“对氢的巴耳末光谱的研究，成为人类文化宝库的重要内容”，因此氢原子光谱实验成了不少大学近代物理实验的首选题目．传统做...     

由色散数据求氢波长的三次样条插值法和直线化拟合法

介绍了三次样条插值的基本概念及运用Matlab求三次样条插值的方法,并将该方法应用到氢原子光谱实验中,应用直线拟合方法求出了氢原子光谱的波长.     

对氢原子光谱实验的讨论

本文从理论上探讨了人们对氢原子光谱的认识过程,由此提出了现有实验中存在的问题。     

氢原子光谱实验研究

氢原子的结构简单，其光谱具有明显的规律，各种原子光谱线规律性的研究首先是在氢原子上得到突破。通过测量氢光谱可见谱线的波长，能较准确测定氢的里德伯常数，可使学生对近代物理测量有初步了解。     

Physics World揭晓2010年物理学10项重大突破

(1)反氢原子研究的成功:2010年11月下旬,ALPHA国际合作组宣布他们将38个反氢原子俘获在阱中长达170ms之久.这么长的时间足够对反氢原子的光谱特性进行详细的测量.仅仅几周以后,在CERN的ASACUSA合作组宣布,他们在产生适合做光谱研究的反氢束流方面获得重要突破.这两项突破性进展使得首次对反氢原子能级进行详细研究成为可能.反氢     

H-D光谱实验的计算机仿真

对H-D光谱实验进行计算机仿真,由计算机控制的摄谱仪进行氢氘光谱摄谱,对谱线寻峰,计算出里德伯常量、氢氘质量比和同位素位移,并画出了氢原子的能谱图.     

金属氢的高压合成机理

 从氢原子间及氢分子间的相互作用入手，提出了固体氢中氢分子在高压作用下解离为氢原子，并以氢原子相互结合成金属氢的微观转化过程的机理。用这样的转化机理，可以解释毛河光等关于固体氢的拉曼光谱频率随高压变化规律的实验结果。     

Interplay of intra-atomic and interatomic effects: an investigation of the 2p core level spectra of atomic Fe and molecular FeCl2

The 2p photoabsorption and photoelectron spectra of atomic Fe and molecular FeCl2 were studied by photoion and photoelectron spectroscopy using monochromatized synchrotron radiation and atomic or molecular beam technique. The atomic spectra were analyzed with configuration interaction calculations yielding excellent agreement between experiment and theory. For the analysis of the molecular photoelectron spectrum which shows pronounced interatomic effects, a charge transfer model was used, introducing an additional 3d(7) configuration. The resulting good agreement between the experimental and theoretical spectrum and the remarkable similarity of the molecular with the corresponding spectrum in the solid phase opens a way to a better understanding of the interplay of the interatomic and intra-atomic interactions in the 2p core level spectra of the 3d metal compounds.     

光电直读光谱仪标定方法的研究

用自行研制的光电直读光谱仪原理样机采集了已知成分的黑色金属的电弧激发光谱,通过理论分析和试验,证明了采用多项式法建立的谱线位置与波长转换关系随标定多项式幂次的增加,其标定误差不断减小。在仪器分辨率顺利实现的条件下,一元三次或四次多项式都是较好的标定多项式选项。     

Ti原子315nm-321nm区（1+1）共振增强多光子电离谱的实验研究

结合激光烧蚀、超声射流技术,在实验上制备了高浓度的Ti原子自由原子束源,测定了315nm-321nm光谱区过渡金属Ti原子的(1+1)共振增强多光子电离谱,并对光谱结构进行了归属.     

Energy spectra of abundant nuclei of primary cosmic rays from the data of ATIC-2 experiment: Final results

The final results of processing the data from the balloon-born experiment ATIC-2 (Antarctica, 2002–2003) for the energy spectra of protons and He, C, O, Ne, Mg, Si, and Fe nuclei, the spectrum of all particles, and the mean logarithm of atomic weight of primary cosmic rays as a function of energy are presented. The final results are based on improvement of the methods used earlier, in particular, considerably increased resolution of the charge spectrum. The preliminary conclusions on the significant difference in the spectra of protons and helium nuclei (the proton spectrum is steeper) and the non-power character of the spectra of protons and heavier nuclei (flattening of carbon spectrum at energies above 10 TeV) are confirmed. A complex structure of the energy dependence of the mean logarithm of atomic weight is found.     

二能级原子与高品质因子腔的自发辐射特性

用全量子理论研究二能级原子单模腔耦合系统,通过理论推导和数值计算得出系统的自发辐射光谱和平均粒子数密度.共振时腔与原子的发射光谱在强耦合与弱耦合区域有所不同,腔发射光谱分裂只出现于强耦合区域,而原子发射光谱由于腔感应透明效应在弱耦合区域出现了缺口.本文系统地研究了原子与腔在失谐时的发射光谱,在好腔机理(腔线宽小于原子线宽g)原子与腔即使在大失谐时腔发射出腔频率的光子,这给当前实验上困惑的特性提供了一个理论依据.为了给腔感应透明效应一个新的深入了解,还研究了原子与腔平均粒子数密度随时间的演化,以及平均粒子数密度与光强度之间的关系. 关键词： 自发辐射 强耦合 腔感应透明 好腔机理     

Ramsey-CPT spectrum with the Faraday effect and its application to atomic clocks

A method that obtains the Ramsey-coherent population trapping(CPT) spectrum with the Faraday effect is investigated.An experiment is implemented to detect the light polarization components generated from the Faraday effect.The experimental results agree with the theoretical calculations based on the Liouville equation.By comparing with the method without using the Faraday effect,the potential of this method for a CPT-based atomic clock is assessed.The results indicate that this method should improve the short-term frequency stability by several times.     

Doubly inelastic collisions with relativistic heavy ions and target recoil momentum spectroscopy

We consider relativistic collisions of heavy hydrogenlike ions with hydrogen and helium atoms in which the ion-atom interaction causes both colliding particles to change their internal states. Concentrating on the study of the longitudinal momentum spectrum of the atomic recoil ions, we discuss the role of relativistic and higher order effects, predict a surprisingly strong influence of the projectile's electron on the momentum transfer, and show that the important information about the doubly inelastic collisions could be obtained in experiment merely by measuring the recoil momentum spectrum.     

武定恐龙化石的显微拉曼光谱研究

本文首次利用激光显微拉曼光谱、原子光谱和偏光显微镜等方法 ,对云南武定的恐龙化石进行了分析研究。实验发现 ,恐龙化石表面和截面的拉曼光谱 ,均为典型的方解石 (CaCO3 )晶体的拉曼谱 ,并未发现有其他成分的拉曼谱。原子发射光谱的分析结果表明 ,恐龙化石中的主要元素有Ca(>10 % ) ,其次是Si(5 0 % )和P(4 0 % ) ,还有Fe(1 0 % )等 ,但未发现铱、钍等稀有元素。由恐龙化石截面在偏光显微镜下的图像可以知道 ,恐龙化石表面层的成分主要是方解石晶体 ;内部的主要成分为方解石 (CaCO3 )晶体 ,此外还有纤维状一水二氧化硅 (分子式SiO2 ·nH2 O ,属非晶态 )等成分。激光拉曼光谱能快速无损地准确检测出恐龙化石的主要成分是方解石 (CaCO3 ) ,拉曼光谱对恐龙化石的分析结果与原子光谱、偏光显微镜的分析结果是一致的     

Quantum states of neutral atoms bound in the magnetic field of a Kepler-guide

The spectrum and the wave function of neutral atoms in the magnetic field of a Kepler-guide are presented by reducing a two-dimensional stationary Schrdinger equation to a one-dimensional hydrogen atom in Rydberg states. In addition, we set the scale for