Comparative investigation of the molecular structures of the species-specific proteins of the seeds ofGossypium hirsutum andG. barbadense

The N-terminal amino acids and the amino acid compositions of four species-specific proteins of two species of the cotton plant —Gossypium hirsutum andG. barbadense — have been determined. Peptide maps of tryptic hydrolysates of these proteins have been obtained and compared. Individual tryptic peptides have been isolated and purified. The N-ends, amino acid compositions, and amino acid sequences of individual peptides have been determined. The N-terminal sections of the proteins ofG. hirsutum andG. barbadense as far as the 16th amino acid residue have been sequenced. A comparative analysis has been made of the peptides and proteins of these cottonplant species.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, fax (3712) 40 64 75. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 858–864, November–December, 1997.     

Comparative study of the physicochemical properties of the species-specific proteins of cotton plants of the speciesGossypium hirsutum andG. barbadense

Four species-specific proteins have been isolated for the first time: H.0.43 and H.0.51 from aG. hirsutum cotton plant, and B.0.37 and B.0.48 fromG. barbadense. The conditions are given for their separation on Sephadex G-100 and on DEAE-cellulose and for their preparative electrophoresis in PAAG. Their isoelectric points and molecular masses have been determined and their subunit compositions have been investigated.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, fax (3712) 89 14 75. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 871–877, November-December, 1995. Original article submitted May 15, 1995.     

Electrophoretic investigation of the seed proteins of the cotton plantGossypium hirsutum

The proteins of the buffer-soluble fraction of the seeds of cotton plants of the speciesGossypium hirsutum, wild and ruderal varieties, have been investigated by electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel and have been subdivided into two classes. Characteristic components have been detected in the protein spectra of these samples. In diploid species of the cotton plant, in addition to characteristic protein components, individual components are also observed.Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 736–738, September–October, 1995. Original article submitted November 21, 1994.     

Water-soluble proteins of the seeds of some varieties of castor-oil plant

The water-soluble proteins of twelve varieties of castor-oil plant have been studied by electrophoresis. The high hemagglutinating activities of proteins of the seeds is connected with the presence of an electrophoretic component having R_f 0.042.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbek SSR Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 113–116, January–February, 1989.     

Histones of the cotton plant. Molecular characteristics of histone H1

A characterization of the histones of two varieties of the cotton plant,Gossypium hirsutum andG. barbadense, has been given with the aid of various electrophoretic systems. Their molecular weights have been determined. An analysis has been made of the cleavage of histone H1 at tyrosine residues. The positive charge and the molecular length of histone H1 have been determined by the method of incomplete succinylation.V. I. Nikitin Institute of Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Tadzhik SSR, Dushanbe. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 491–497, July–August, 1986.     

Minor phospholipids of Dipthychocarpus strictus and Crambe schugnana

Summary From the combined phospholipids of the seeds ofDipthychocarpus strictus (Fisch.) Trautv. the less polar phospholipid with R _f 0.9 has been isolated, and on the basis of spectra and chemical information it has been identified as N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine. The total fatty-acid composition and also the O- and N-acyls have been determined. From the combined phospholipids of the seeds ofCrambe schugnana Korsh. three minor phospholipids have been isolated: N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine, lysophosphatidylcholine, and phosphatidylserine.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 195–198, March–April, 1977.     

The change in the globulins during the development of cotton seeds

The biosynthesis of the 11S and 7S globulins — the main reserve proteins of cotton seeds — has been investigated. The periods at which the globulins appear in cotton seeds have been established. The changes in the amino acid composition and in the secondary structure of the 11S globulin during the ripening of cotton seeds have been studied.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Institute of Molecular Biology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 349–355, May–June, 1984.     

Proteins of the seeds ofRicinis communis. I. A study of the water-soluble proteins of the seeds and meal ofRicinis communis

The electrophoretic spectrum of the water-soluble proteins of the seeds and meal of the castor-oil plant has been studied. A correlation has been found between a decrease in the relative amount of electrophoretic components with R_f 0.04 and 0.11 and the hemagglutinating activity of the meal.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances of the Uzbek SSR Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 630–631, September–October, 1960.     

Comparison of copolymer emulsions of fluorine and siloxane‐containing acrylates with core–shell structure for water‐repellent cotton fabrics coatings

This paper described the synthesis of copolymer emulsions of fluorine and siloxane‐containing acrylates for water‐repellent cotton fabrics coatings. Chemical composition, morphology structure, and properties of the latex copolymers were investigated by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), dynamic light scattering (DLS), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Effects of water‐repellent functional monomers (R_f) on surface morphology, water contact angle, and water‐repellent properties of the coated fabric surface were also studied. The results indicated that R_f greatly influenced molecular mass distribution of the latex copolymers, the molecular aggregation states and orientation of R_f on the coated fabric surface, and water‐repellency of coated cotton fabrics. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Studies on terpenes. II

Summary Fifty esters of monoterpene alcohols — mainly acetates — are investigated by gas chromatography on Apiezon-L and Carbowax 20 M and also by argentation thin-layer chromatography. The relationship between the retention indices, -Ivalues, R_f-values and structure of the esters is discussed.

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Zusammenfassung Fünfzig Ester von Monoterpenalkoholen — hauptsächlich Acetate — wurden mit Hilfe der Gas-Chromatographie auf Apiezon L und Carbowax 20 M sowie der Dünnschicht-Chromatographie auf AgNO₃-haltigen Silicagel-Schichten untersucht. Die Zusammenhänge zwischen den Retentionsindices, I-Werten, R_f-Werten und der Struktur der Ester werden diskutiert.

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Part. I: J. Chromatog. 7, 297 (1962).     

Perfluoroalkylphosphines and arsines obtained by Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction with organoheteroatom stannanes

Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction of organoheteroatom stannanes containing elements of the groups 15 (P, As) and 16 (Se) with perfluoroalkyl iodides (R_fI) was studied. Herein, a one-pot two-step reaction to form P–R_f, As–R_f and Se–R_f bonds is reported. The stannanes n-Bu₃SnZPh_n (Z = P, As, Se; n = 1–2) were generated in situ by the reaction of the Ph_nZ⁻ anion with n-Bu₃SnCl. The cross-coupling reactions of these stannanes with R_fI afforded C-heteroatom products, new perfluoroalkylarsines and perfluoroalkylselenides in good yields (47–90%) and perfluoroalkylphosphines in moderate yields (15–48%).     

Lipolytic enzymes of cotton seeds V. Triacetinase

Summary A triacetinase has been isolated from cotton seeds by the methods of gel filtration and ion-exchange chromatography. The homogeneity of the enzyme was shown by rechromatography, electrophoresis, ultracentrifugation, and a determination of the terminal amino acid. The molecular weight of the triacetinase obtained by four different methods (column gel filtration, thin-layer chromatography, ultracentrifugation, and amino-acid composition) is 18,000±1200. The amino-acid composition and the N-terminal amino-acid residue — methionine — have determined.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 767–770, November–December, 1974.     

A study of adsorption behavior of human serum albumin and ovalbumin on hydroxyapatite/chitosan composite

In situ adsorption of human serum albumin (HSA) and ovalbumin (OVA) was real-time monitored by piezoelectric quartz crystal impedance (PQCI) technique to fully understand the initial cellular response on hydroxyapatite/chitosan (HAP/CS) composite. The PQCI parameters, such as resonant frequency (f), static capacitance (C_s), and motional resistance (R_m) were measured for investigating the kinetic adsorption behaviors of both proteins. The change in frequency shifts (Δf) depends on the amount of the adsorbed protein, and the change in motional resistance (ΔR_m) results from the microporosity variation of HAP/CS coating. The results show that the amount of the absorbed HSA is much greater than that of OVA on HAP/CS coating because of the unique construction of HSA as well as a flexible protein. Furthermore, Δf and ΔR_m data were fitted according to the kinetic exponential decay equations. It can be seen that there is only one adsorption process for OVA, but the absorption process for HSA is followed by a rearrangement process, and the former process is faster than the rearrangement process. Subsequently, the composite binding with proteins were demonstrated by the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).     

Physicochemical properties and substrate specificity of protease C from dormant cotton seeds

The substrate specificity of a proteolytic enzyme — protease C — isolated from cotton seeds has been studied. The activity of protease C is suppressed completely under the action of diisopropyl phosphorofluoridate. Protein inhibitors — duck ovomucoid, soybean inhibitor, and also TPCK — suppressed the activity of protease C to different degrees. On the basis of results obtained in the hydrolysis of the cottonseed reserve proteins, 7S and 11S globulins, and the B chain of insulin, protease C has been assigned to the serine group of endopeptidases. The optimum conditions — pH, time, and temperature — at which protease C exhibits its maximum activity has been determined.Institute of Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbek SSR Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 744–746, September–October, 1988.     

Isolation and purification of an aminoacylase fromAspergillus oryzae

An aminoacylase (EC 3.5.1.14) has been isolated from a surface culture of the fungusAspergillus oryzae (amilorizin P10X) with a 764-fold degree of purification, an activity yield of 32.7%, and a specific activity in relation to the hydrolysis of N-acetyl-D,L-methionine of 99.3 a.u./o.u. The scheme of the purification of the aminoacylase fromAspergillus oryzae includes: extraction at pH 6.7, precipitation with ammonium sulfate (30 and 80% saturation), gel filtration on Acrilex P-150 (pH 7.5), ion-exchange chromatography on amino-Silochrom Cx-1,5 (mean pore radius 790 Å); the sorption of the enzyme takes place at pH 6.2 and elution with 0.05 M borate buffer, pH 8.0; ion-exchange chromatography on AH-Sepharose 4B at pH 8.0, with elution by a stepwise increase in the concentration of sodium chloride to 0.25 M; and, finally, gel filtration on Sephadex G-200 (pH 8.0). According to the results of disk electrophoresis in 7.5% polyacrylamide gel in a Tris-glycine systems of buffers with a separation pH of 8.9 in the presence of Co²⁺ ions (10^–5 M) of theAspergillus oryzae aminoacylase, two components possessing enzymatic activity were detected, with R_f 0.53 (major component) and R_f 0.63 (minor component).All-Union Scientific-Research Institute for the Genetics and Breeding of Industrial Microorganisms, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 619–624, September–October, 1983.     

A new plant growth regulator of microbial origin

A new plant growth regulator — an inhibitor of the germination of mustard seeds — has been isolated from a culture filtrate of a phytopathogenic fungus of the genusPhoma. The methyl and trimethylsilyl derivatives of this compound have been obtained. Its empirical formula — C₁₆H₂₂O₅ — has been determined. On the basis of the results of IR and NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry, the compound isolated has been assigned the structure of 3,5-dihydroxy-2-octanoylphenylacetic acid.All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Applied Molecular Biology and Genetics. V. I. Lenin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii No. 3, pp. 387–391, May–June, 1985.     

Isolation of immunosimilar proteins from cotton seeds by immunoaffinity chromatograph

A sorbent highly specific forVerticillium proteins has been obtained from BrCN-Sepharose and rabbit immunoglobulins. By affinity chromatography using this sorbent a protein immunologically similar to the proteins of the mycelium of the fungusV. dahliae has been isolated from cotton seeds of the Tashkent-1 variety. The molecular mass of the protein has been determined, and its proteolytic activity has been established.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 746–749, September–October, 1993.     

Phytoecdysteroids of plants of the genusRhaponticum I. Carthamosterone a fromRh. carthamoides

A new ecdysteroid — carthamosterone A — has been isolated from the seeds ofRhaponticum carthamoides. Its structure has been established from the results of spectral investigations.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, fax (3712) 40 64 75. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 392–394, May–June, 1997.     

The determination of enthalpies of formation of organic free radicals from bond dissociation energies. 5. Organosulfur radicals

The formation enthalpies (H _f°) of 12 organosulfur radicals (R^·) were determined for the first time from the published values of dissociation energies of R—X bonds.     

Why not ICP as atom reservoir for AAS?

The sensitivity S_A of determination by inductively coupled plasma atomic absorption spectrometry (ICP—AAS) is discussed. All important factors influencing S_A are comprised in one single sensitivity formula, which allows an estimate to be made of the correct order of magnitude of S_A for both flame—AAS and ICP—AAS measurements. The most important analytical factors are the degree of dissociation and ionization (0≤f_C, and f_I≤1), the dilution factor f_D, which takes into account the dilution of the analysis element A by its transition from the solution to the ICP, and the absorption path length b. Like flame—AAS, an analytical approach using ICP—AAS has high selectivity and makes it possible to carry out determinations without chemical and ionization interferences. This important advantage of ICP—AAS in comparison to flame—AAS is based on the fact that the ideal condition f_C→1 and Δf→0 for the analysis and standard solutions can be much more easily realized in the ICP than in flames. Serious disadvantages of an ICP as an atomic reservoir for AAS are the reduced sensitivity and lower detection power compared to flame—AAS. The reduction of S_A is caused mainly by the reduction of b/f_D by a factor of about 0.1 and to a smaller degree by stronger broadening of the absorption line and the depopulation of the lower energy state of the atom A that absorbs the resonance radiation. The estimated S_A value for A = Ag, Al, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Pd and Pt agree with the corresponding experimental values to within a factor of about 3. No experimental values could be obtained for B and Si. An application field of ICP—AAS is the analysis of complex compounds that are difficult to dissociate into atoms using flames. In these determinations, a high sensitivity is generally not needed but a good selectivity is important. Some applications are shown.