火试金-重量法测定铜硫矿中的金和银

针对铜硫矿中铜含量较高的特性,建立了适合该试样的配料比、高温熔融,金、银与铅形成合金,利用其比重悬殊与熔渣分离,将铅扣灰吹得金、银合粒,用硝酸分金,用重量法测定金量,用容量法测定银量。方法的相对标准偏差0.66%~4.8%,加标回收率96.5%~100.6%,方法准确度高、精密度好,可应用于生产及贸易结算中。     

火试金-重量法测定阳极铜中的金和银

阳极铜是铜电解过程的重要产品,其中含有一定量的金、银等贵金属,快速准确地测定阳极铜中的贵金属含量,具有重要的现实意义。采用火试金重量法可以同时且快速地测定出样品中的金量和银量,试样与适量的熔剂经高温熔融,铅将金、银富集起来形成铅扣,灰吹得到金、银合粒,用硝酸分金,重量法测得金量;用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-OES)法测定分金液中的杂质量和金量,合粒质量减去金量及杂质量即为银量。此方法精密度好,准确度高。金、银的加标回收率在97.6%~102%,可以很好地满足阳极铜中金、银含量的测定。     

火试金重量法测定铅冰铜中的金和银

建立火试金重量法测定铅冰铜中金和银的方法。探讨了氧化铅用量、灰吹温度、第一次分金酸度、干扰元素对金和银测定结果的影响。金测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.51%~2.85%(n=6),样品加标回收率为98.4%~102.7%;银测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.89%~3.01%(n=6),样品加标准回收率为97.2%~103.4%。该方法具有受干扰元素影响小、测量范围广、测试时间短等优点,适合批量测定铅冰铜中的金和银。     

硫酸分离–火试金重量法测定碲化铜中的金和银

建立了用硫酸分离-火试金重量法测定碲化铜中的金和银含量的方法。用硫酸溶解碲化铜样品,过滤,除去铜和碲,得到含金、银的沉淀物,沉淀物经灰化、配料、高温熔融制得铅扣。将铅扣灰吹,得到金银合粒,用硝酸溶解分离金,用重量法测定金含量。用金银合粒的质量扣除金粒的质量和分金液、洗液中杂质的质量即为银含量。采用灰皿、残渣熔融法补正,或用含碲、铜物料做基体加入纯金、纯银同试样方法测定,根据金、银的回收率加以补正,从而得到试样中的碲含量。实验结果表明,浓硫酸的加入量为30 mL,残余量应不少于15 mL。火试金中硅酸度为1左右,试样进炉温度以900℃为宜。该方法金、银测定结果的相对标准偏差分别为0.33%~1.97%,0.28%~1.27%(n=9)。金的回收率为98.5%~100.2%,银的回收率为95.5%~101.4%。该法满足生产控制检测和贸易结算的要求。     

火试金法测定锡阳极中金量和银量

锡阳极是锡冶炼过程中的一种中间产物,其中含有大量的金银贵金属。准确测定锡中金银含量有很重要的现实意义。采用火试金法能实现锡中金、银连测,该方法准确度高,精密度好,金银回收率在97.47～101.66％之间,能很好的满足锡阳极中高品位金银的测定。     

火试金法测定多金属复杂铜阳极泥中金

铜阳极泥中因含有大量金、银、铂、钯等贵金属而具有较高回收价值,其中金是价值最高的元素,金的精准检测对其综合回收具有重要指导意义。由于生产铜阳极泥的阳极板成分、生产指标控制、设备设施水平等因素的不同,导致其主要成分及含量均有较大差异,实验针对代表性的多金属复杂铜阳极泥,考察了多因素对火试金检测结果的影响。在硅酸度K=1.8、铅扣质量为35 g、氧化铅过量系数为1.8、熔炼温度为1100℃、熔炼升温时间和保温时间均为30 min时,加标回收率在99.4%~101%,RSD为0.15%~0.29%。优化条件下可实现多金属复杂铜阳极泥中金的精准检测。     

电位滴定法测定火试金得到的金银合粒中的银

本文研究了用自动电位滴定仪测定外购铜物料样品中经火试金熔炼、富集、灰吹后得到的金银合粒中银的方法。金银合粒用硝酸溶解后在自动电位滴定仪上用硫氰酸钾标准溶液滴定银量,选择了仪器的测定条件,考察了溶液酸度、共存元素对测定的干扰。方法相对标准偏差为1.34％～3.62％,测定结果与硫氰酸钾手工滴定法和减杂法相一致。方法的准确度和精密度均能满足分析需要,具有较强的实用性和推广价值。     

试金法测定进口铜精矿中痕量金和银

近几年来,我公司先后从美国、葡萄牙、智利、墨西哥、蒙古、加拿大、菲律宾等国进口大批铜精矿。这些铜精矿中铜、硫含量很高,其中的大部分铜精矿中金、银品位却很低:有些低于计价品位,有些在计价品位的水平线上波动。准确地测定其含量,不仅是衡量我国分析水平高低的重要标志,而且对于贸易双方的经济利益关系很大。因此,我们在常规的试金分析中,采取     

火试金法测定铅冶炼渣中的金、银含量

建立了铅冶炼渣中的金银含量的测定方法,采用火试金法富集铅冶炼渣中的金、银,铅扣经灰吹后,形成金银合粒,合粒中除有金银外,还残留微量的铅铋杂质,合粒经硝酸分金后,实现金银分离,得到金粒和分金溶液。合粒中杂质保留在分金溶液中,分金溶液经酸处理,采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-OES)法测定其中杂质量和微量的金量。金粒质量补正分金溶液中微量金量即为样品中的金量,合粒质量减去金粒质量和杂质量即为银量。ICP-OES法测定杂质解决了合粒中铅铋残留和分金失误造成微量金进入分金溶液现象。方法精密度较好,加标回收率分别为银98.6%～100%,金96.2%～102%。方法准确、方便、快捷,能很好地满足铅冶炼渣中金、银含量的测定。     

火试金法测定铅冶炼渣中的金、银含量

建立了铅冶炼渣中的金银含量的测定方法,采用火试金法富集铅冶炼渣中的金、银,铅扣经灰吹后,形成金银合粒,合粒中除有金银外,还残留微量的铅铋杂质,合粒经硝酸分金后,实现金银分离,得到金粒和分金溶液。合粒中杂质保留在分金溶液中,分金溶液经酸处理,采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-OES)法测定其中杂质量和微量的金量。金粒质量补正分金溶液中微量金量即为样品中的金量,合粒质量减去金粒质量和杂质量即为银量。ICP-OES法测定杂质解决了合粒中铅铋残留和分金失误造成微量金进入分金溶液现象。方法精密度较好,加标回收率分别为银98.6%～100%,金96.2%～102%。方法准确、方便、快捷,能很好地满足铅冶炼渣中金、银含量的测定。     

硫团簇Sn(n=2～8)结构的朗之万分子动力学计算

引入第一原理密度泛函理论,即赝势密度泛函在实空间的有限差分方法和朗之万分子动力学退火技术,对硫团簇Sn(n=2～8)的结构等进行了计算.结果表明,S3,S4,S5,S6,S7和S8的结构对应为C2v,D2h,信封式Cs,D3d(或船式C2v),椅式C5和D4d的对称结构,其结构参数与有实验数据的S和S6-8吻合较好.从平均原子结合能看,原子数目越多,硫团簇越为稳定.     

Homoleptic mononuclear and binuclear osmium carbonyls Os(CO)n(n = 3-5) and Os2(CO)n (n = 8, 9): comparison with the iron analogues

The structures and energetics of the experimentally known Os(CO)n ( n = 3-5), Os2(CO)9, and Os2(CO)8 have been investigated using density functional theory. For Os(CO)5, the lowest-energy structure is the singlet D(3h) trigonal bipyramid. However, the C(4v) square pyramid for Os(CO)5 lies only approximately 1.5 kcal/mol higher in energy, suggesting extraordinary fluxionality. For the coordinatively unsaturated Os(CO)4 and Os(CO)3, a D(2d) strongly distorted tetrahedral structure and a Cs bent T-shaped structure are the lowest-energy structures, respectively. For Os2(CO)9, the experimentally observed singly bridged Os2(CO)8(mu-CO) structure is the lowest-energy structure. A triply bridged Os2(CO)6(mu-CO)3 structure analogous to the known Fe2(CO)9 structure is a transition state rather than a true minimum and collapses to the singly bridged global minimum structure upon following the corresponding normal mode. An unbridged (OC)5Os --> Os(CO)4 structure with a formal Os --> Os dative bond analogous to known stable complexes of the type (R3P)2(OC)3Os --> W(CO)5 is also found for Os2(CO)9 within 8 kcal/mol of the global minimum. The global minimum for the coordinatively unsaturated Os2(CO)8 is a singly bridged (OC)4Os(mu-CO)Os(CO)3 structure derived from the Os2(CO)9 global minimum by loss of a terminal carbonyl group. However, the unbridged structure for Os2(CO)8 observed in low-temperature matrix experiments lies only approximately 1 kcal/mol above this global minimum. In all cases, the triplet structures for these osmium carbonyls have significantly higher energies than the corresponding singlet structures.     

Theoretical study on homoleptic mononuclear and binuclear ruthenium carbonyls Ru(CO) n (n= 3–5) and Ru2(CO) n (n = 8, 9)

Science China Chemistry - Homoleptic mononuclear and binuclear ruthenium carbonyls Ru(CO) n (n = 3–5) and Ru2(CO) n (n = 8,9) have been investigated using density functional theory. Sixteen...     

硅硫二元团簇(SiS2)-n(n=1-5)的结构和振动光谱的量子化学研究

用密度泛函(DFT)方法研究了硅硫团簇(SiS2)-n(n=1-5)的可能几何构型,并计算了相应的振动频率,得到稳定构型的振动光谱.比较其稳定构型可得到团簇的生长规律,由此可初步预测团簇的形成机理.     

Synthesis of clusters Fe2(CO)6(μ-XCH2CH=CH2)(μ3-X)Fe(CO)2Cp (X = Se, S; Cp = η5-C5H5)

The clusters Fe₂(CO)₆(μ-XCH₂CH=CH₂)(μ₃-X)Fe(CO)₂Cp (X = S, Se) were prepared by the successive treatment of the bi- and trimetallic complexes Fe₂(CO)₆(μ-Se₂) and Fe₃(CO)₉(μ₃-X) with allylmagnesium chloride and CpFe(CO)₂I. The clusters obtained contain a noncoordinated C=C bond. The structure of the Se-containing cluster was suggested on the basis of comparison of its spectral data (IR,¹H NMR, and Mössbauer spectra) with the spectra of the analogous S-containing complex, which was previously characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis.     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of [MoOS_3Cu_3I(dmpzm)_2]·2(MeCN)_(0.5) (dmpzm=Bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazolyl)methane)

1 INTRODUCTION The synthesis of molybdenum-copper-sulfur clus- ters from the preformed clusters with certain nitro- gen donor ligands remains attractive due to their rich chemistry and electro/photonic properties[1~6]. How- ever, the third-order nonlinear optical performances of these Mo/Cu/S clusters have been limited due to their relatively low solubility in common organic solvents[5]. One possible way to tackle this problem is to introduce bulky organic ligands into the cluster framew…     

Theoretical prediction for the structures of gas phase lithium oxide clusters: (Li2O)n (n = 1–8)

We apply genetic algorithm combining directly with density functional method to search the potential energy surface of lithium‐oxide clusters (Li₂O)_n up to n = 8. In (Li₂O)_n (n = 1–8) clusters, the planar structures are found to be global minimum up to n = 2, and the global minimum structures are all three‐dimensional at n ≥ 3. At n ≥ 4, the tetrahedral unit (TU) is found in most of the stable structures. In the TU, the central Li is bonded with four O atoms in sp³ interactions, which leads to unusual charge transformation, and the probability of the central Li participating in the bonding is higher by adaptive natural density partitioning analysis, so the central Li is in particularly low positive charge. At large cluster size, distortion of structures is viewed, which breaks the symmetry and may make energy higher. The global minimum structures of (Li₂O)₂, (Li₂O)₆, and (Li₂O)₇ clusters are the most stable magic numbers, where the first one is planar and the later both have stable structural units of tetrahedral and C_4v. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Probing the electronic structure of early transition-metal oxide clusters: polyhedral cages of (V2O5)n(-) (n = 2-4) and (M2O5(2)(-) (M = Nb, Ta)

Vanadium oxide clusters, (V2O5)n, have been predicted to possess interesting polyhedral cage structures, which may serve as ideal molecular models for oxide surfaces and catalysts. Here we examine the electronic properties of these oxide clusters via anion photoelectron spectroscopy for (V2O5)n(-) (n = 2-4), as well as for the 4d/5d species, Nb4O10(-) and Ta4O10(-). Well-resolved photoelectron spectra have been obtained at 193 and 157 nm and used to compare with density functional calculations. Very high electron affinities and large HOMO-LUMO gaps are observed for all the (V2O5)n clusters. The HOMO-LUMO gaps of (V2O5)n, all exceeding that of the band gap of the bulk oxide, are found to increase with cluster size from n = 2-4. For the M4O10 clusters, we find that the Nb/Ta species yield similar spectra, both possessing lower electron affinities and larger HOMO-LUMO gaps relative to V4O10. The structures of the anionic and neutral clusters are optimized; the calculated electron binding energies and excitation spectra for the global minimum cage structures are in good agreement with the experiment. Evidence is also observed for the predicted trend of electron delocalization versus localization in the (V2O5)n(-) clusters. Further insights are provided pertaining to the potential chemical reactivities of the oxide clusters and properties of the bulk oxides.     

Structures and stabilities of small lead oxide clusters PbmOn (m=1-4,n=1-2m)

The structures and stabilities of small lead oxide clusters PbmOn with m=1-4, n=1-2m are systematically studied using density functional theory. It is found that the lowest-energy structures of all these clusters can be obtained by the sequential oxidation of small "core" lead clusters. For Pb-rich clusters (oxygen-to-lead ratio<1), oxygen atoms favor bridge sites for Pb2On and Pb3On and surface sites for Pb4On. The lead-monoxide-like clusters (PbO)i (i=1-4) have great stability because of their significant dissociation energies and highest occupied molecular orbital-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital gaps. This suggests that they could be adopted as the building blocks of cluster-assembled materials. For O-rich clusters (oxygen-to-lead ratio>1), the grouping of oxygen atoms usually appears. It is found that the structures with a grouping of more than two oxygen atoms are unstable.