用于监控系统的鱼眼镜头光学设计

为了满足监控系统中单镜头可实现全景监控的需求,运用仿生学原理,在原有鱼眼镜头的基础上结合监控系统的需求,运用ZEMAX软件设计了一款视场为180°,相对孔径为1/1.6的鱼眼镜头.该镜头由9片透镜组成,总长度为68.5mm,采用1/3英寸CCD作为图像接收器件.在120lp/mm时,其MTF曲线在轴上大于0.4,在80...     

结构简洁的光学变焦距手机镜头设计

通过利用ZEMAX光学工程设计软件设计了一款适用于手机的2倍内置式光学变焦距镜头。镜头仅由4片非球面的塑料透镜和1片BK7的红外滤光片构成,能够达到285 lp/mm的空间频率,可匹配1.75μm的COMS图像传感器,全视场RMS半径均小于艾利斑半径,全视场最大畸变小于3%,MTF值在1/2奈奎斯特频率处的大部分视场大于0.5,总长度小于9.2 mm。整个变焦距系统结构紧凑,分辨率高,成本低,可满足手机镜头光学变焦的要求。     

超广角大工作面f-theta镜头的光学设计

 目前国内用于激光标刻机的f-theta镜头的视场角一般小于60°。采用望远镜结构,利用视觉放大率增大视场角,得到了超广角90°镜头。该方法具有简洁、可靠、易实现等特点。通过初级像差分析,确定系统的初级结构参数,利用ZEMAX软件优化得到了大工作面为285 mm的f-theta镜头,镜头线性畸变误差值不超过1 %,在半径为698 μm的圆内,能量集中度为80%,聚焦性能接近衍射极限。     

基于ZEMAX软件的DLP微型投影镜头的设计

 利用ZEMAX光学软件设计出了一款适用于0.55″单片DLP微型投影机的广角数字微型投影镜头。镜头结构由6组8片镜片组成,具有结构简单、体形小、易加工、成本低等特点。镜头的有效焦距为8.25 mm,相对孔径为1/2.2,全视场角为80.5°,最大口径小于24 mm,光学总长控制在40 mm,后工作距离为24 mm。镜头有较好的成像质量,在镜头的分辨率66 lp/mm处,所有视场的MTF值均大于0.45,全视场畸变量的绝对值小于0.7%,垂轴色差小于0.5个像元大小。     

利用衍射光学元件进行共形整流罩像差校正的研究

建立了共形整流罩的模型结构，分析了其成像特性，并提出了采用加入衍射元件的方法来设计共形整流罩后的校正板，软件模拟结果表明带有衍射面的校正板能够进一步地改善共形整流罩成像质量. 关键词： 共形光学 整流罩 像差校正 衍射光学     

基于ZEMAX的大视场投影镜头设计

针对大视场投影镜头的设计问题,利用ZEMAX光学设计软件,通过各种操作数对镜头的基本参数和外形尺寸进行限制,并利用镜头架构的方式进行优化及大视场投影镜头的设计。其主要光学参量为:焦距为13.6 mm,全视场角为60°,相对孔径为1/1.6。设计结果表明:镜头的最大畸变量绝对值小于3% ,最大场曲小于0.06 mm,全视场MTF值在空间频率50 lp/mm时高于0.6,基本达到衍射极限。该镜头由10片球面镜组成,光学系统结构紧凑、易加工。     

基于主观式测量人眼波前像差的眼模型研究

通过主观式光线追踪波前像差测量方法得到用Zernike系数描述的人眼波前像差;在Gullstrand-Le Grand眼模型的基础上,引入用医用角膜地形图仪测量并用高次非球面函数拟合的实际人眼角膜形状数据,又引入角膜、前房及玻璃体厚度等个体化的眼结构参数;在光学建模软件Zemax中用所测Zernike系数建立评价函数,并对用Zernike矢高面描绘的晶状体表面进行优化.由此建立了个体化眼模型,并由此模型中可以计算得到与实际测量的波前像差值完全相同的各项Zernike系数值,从而可用于描述实际人眼的光学特性.     

一种新型光学渡越辐射光学特性的测量方法

为了解决理论测量中,光学渡越辐射焦平面的空间角分布与像平面的束剖面光路互相影响,难以同时测量,提出了一种新型的光学渡越辐射光学特性的测量方法.介绍了其光路原理和结构方案,分析了测量结构中的OTR镜头、分光棱镜与铅屏蔽结构的技术难点与解决方法.结果表明：系统克服了单功能测量、成像质量差等缺点,在ICCD相机上能够同步获得较好的光学渡越辐射的束剖面和空间角分布图案,且基本屏蔽了对图像采集有着强烈干扰的X-射线等高能辐射.     

基于矢量像差的自由曲面光学系统像差特性研究

基于矢量像差理论,提出了以Zernike多项式为表征函数的自由曲面光学系统像差分析方法,推导了在未消像散和彗差的光学系统中引入自由曲面后系统像差解析表达式,利用光学设计软件对远离光阑位置的自由曲面所导致的像差节点分布特性进行了仿真验证。仿真结果与理论推导一致,证明该方法可以用来解析自由曲面光学系统像差。最后,应用该方法设计了含有自由曲面的大视场离轴三反光学系统。系统焦距850 mm,F数6.5,系统在成像视场20°×2°范围内的畸变小于0.25%,成像质量满足使用要求。     

薄镜面主动光学对光学像差的校正能力分析

建立了薄镜面主动光学的仿真模型,并进行了仿真分析,结果表明薄镜面主动光学可以对低频误差完成较好的校正.为了进一步验证,建立了一套薄镜面主动光学实验系统,开展了薄镜面主动光学实验.结果表明,通过主动光学校正可以把镜面面形校正到磨制时的面形即λ/10.同时发现,薄镜面主动光学对三阶像散和三阶球差的校正能力最好,三叶彗差的校正能力也较好,而三阶彗差最难校正,这对于磨制大型薄镜面具有一定的指导意义.     

Aberration characterization for the optimal design of high-resolution endoscopic optical coherence tomography catheters

We study the major factors causing degradation in the lateral resolution of gradient-index-lens-based catheters used for high-resolution optical coherence tomography. Chromatic aberration and astigmatism were taken into account in the propagation of broadband single-mode Gaussian beams through the catheter geometry. It was found that, while chromatic aberration did not preclude achieving high resolution, astigmatism posed a major technical difficulty, because its correction requires a very sensitive adjustment of parameters, especially for catheters with long working distances.     

OCAD与其他光学设计程序及应用软件的链接和互动

介绍了OCAD(optical CAD)光学设计软件包与国内外其他著名光学设计软件，如美国ORA公司的CodeV，Focus Software公司的Zemax，还有OSLO、LENSVIEW、ASAP和TRACEPRO等，以及国内SOD 88等的链接及互动方法。指出OCAD光学设计软件包本身不仅具有光学设计软件最基本的功能，而且可以利用自身功能界面随时调用上述软件程序为其所用，做到各程序间有效链接，行为互动;OCAD光学设计软件包还可以和文字处理及工作报表等通用程序，如Word和Excel等程序进行链接和互动。针对我国光学设计和光学制图的国家标准，部颁标准及企业标准推出了面向国内的OCAD光学设计软件包。提出目前国内外有关光学设计软件的功能及特点已非常丰富，没必要重复研制内容相同的新软件，只有针对自身的特殊需要研制一些专用应用软件即可。     

Aberration athermal design for infrared search and trace optical system

To satisfy environment requirement of infrared search and trace optical system, an infrared diffractive/refractive hybrid optical system in 3.7–4.8 μm with 11.42° of field of view for passive athermalization is presented. The system is consisted of three lenses, including two aspheric surfaces and a diffraction surface, which has only two materials Ge and Si. The optical system has compact structure, small volume and light weight. The image quality of the system approaches the diffraction limit in the temperature range −80 °C to 160 °C. It is compatible with staring focal plane array which has a format of 320 × 240 and the pixel pitch of 30 μm. The system need not move the compensated lens repeatedly to obtain the best images from −80 °C to 160 °C and enhances the performance of target tracking and recognition.     

An interference-based optical authentication scheme using two phase-only masks with different diffraction distances

A new method to eliminate the security risk of the well-known interference-based optical cryptosystem is proposed. In this method, which is suitable for security authentication application, two phase-only masks are separately placed at different distances from the output plane, where a certification image (public image) can be obtained. To further increase the security and flexibility of this authentication system, we employ one more validation image (secret image), which can be observed at another output plane, for confirming the identity of the user. Only if the two correct masks are properly settled at their positions one could obtain two significant images. Besides, even if the legal users exchange their masks (keys), the authentication process will fail and the authentication results will not reveal any information. Numerical simulations are performed to demonstrate the validity and security of the proposed method.     

Low-loss coupling between two single-mode optical fibers with different mode-field diameters using a graded-index multimode optical fiber

We present a method for ultra-low-loss coupling between two single-mode optical fibers with different mode-field diameters using multimode interference in a graded-index multimode optical fiber. We perform a detailed analysis of the interference effects and show that the graded-index fiber can also be used as a beam expander or condenser. The results are important for devices in which optical fibers with different mode-field diameters are coupled in series, such as in ultra-short-pulse fiber ring lasers, or in optical fiber communication links.     

Method of optical pulse characterization using sinusoidal optical phase modulations

A simple noniterative electric field retrieval method using a sinusoidally driven optical phase modulator is demonstrated. We derive an analytic relation between the two-frequency correlation function of the electric field of the optical signal under test and the derivatives of the optical spectrum of the phase-modulated signal with respect to the amplitude of the phase modulation. This relation is used to algebraically reconstruct the electric field of the signal under test. We validate the technique by demonstrating accurate and sensitive characterization of picosecond pulses used in telecommunication.     

宽场光学相干断层成像系统的实验研究和模拟

改进和完善宽场光学相干断层成像技术(WFOCT)的主要方法是从光源、系统光路等方面进行改进.研究WFOCT系统的成像状态和环境状态对系统的横向分辨率的影响,借助ZEMAX光学设计软件模拟该系统的干涉效果,在实验中采用八步移相法来解析样品的二维图像信息,将解析出来的样品图像赋值到图像变量中进行存储显示.实验与模拟结果表明:模拟仿真获得的干涉信号含有对比度和平行度很高的干涉条纹,证明了利用ZEMAX软件模拟仿真干涉系统的可行性.