L-赖氨酸锌细胞生物学和生理学实验研究

研究了L-赖氨酸锌对健康大鼠血液及骨髓中细胞的影响,并与对照组进行了比较结果表明,本品对健康鼠血液中红细胞、血小板、淋巴细胞、中性白细胞和单核细胞及骨髓多染红细胞中的微核数等均无显著性影响．另外大鼠伤寒沙门氏菌的致突变实验显示L-赖氨酸锌未引起大鼠伤寒沙门氏组氨酸缺陷型变异菌株的回复突变．而健康小儿血液各项生化指标的变化,揭示本品可显著提高血液中碱性磷酸酶和红细胞水平．对白细胞的增殖有促进作用．但对乳酸脱氢酶、谷丙转氨酶等无显著性影响．     

高血脂大鼠摄入富硒饲料对血清中铜,锌,钙,镁含量的影响

将４０只雄性ＳＤ大鼠随机分成两组，采用猪油（Ｌ）或玉粮米油（Ｍ）加胆固醇饲料诱导出大高血脂模型后，再分出两组、分别加入亚硒酸钠（Ｌ－Ｓｅ，Ｍ－Ｓｅ），观察大鼠补硒后血清中锌铜、锌、钙、镁等元素的变化。结果表明，高血脂大鼠补硒后血 锌的含量明显下降，铜／锌比值长高。相关分析显示：血硒水平与血清锌含量呈负相关，各组大鼠血清铜、钙、镁的浓度未观察到显著性差异。     

L—赖氨酸锌配合物中锌的五配位奇数结构研究

用化学方法合成了Ｌ－赖氨酸锌配合物,并对其晶体结构进行测定,结果发现锌作为中心离子的配位数为５,此配位数不同于已报道的４配位数和６配位数锌的结构形式,属奇数结构。     

原子吸收法直接测定食用L-赖氨酸盐酸盐中的锌和铁

1 引 言作为食品营养强化剂，Ｌ－赖氨酸盐酸盐越来越受到人们的青睐。据报道，目前在国际上氨基酸工业中，除谷氨酸外，生产最多的是Ｌ－赖氨酸。产品的质量与人体健康密切相关，Ｚｎ和Ｆｅ的含量是Ｌ－赖氨酸产品质量的重要指标，我们选择石墨炉－原子吸收法对这两种元素进行了测定。样品的预处理，诸如湿法消解、干法灰化、萃取等，易引起待测成分的逸失或干扰测定结果，使操作繁琐，分析时间延长。本实验将样品用稀酸溶解，直接注入石墨炉进行Ｚｎ和Ｆｅ的测定。操作简便、快速，缩短了分析周期。2 实验部分2．且 仪骼与试剂 仪器：ＡＡ…     

稀土高背景区稀土生物学效应研究Ⅰ轻稀土区人群血液生化指标

赣南轻稀土高背景区和对照区人群血液生化指标检测结果显示,两区人群血液诸多生化指标的总体均数有显著差异。与对照区相比,轻稀土区人群具有血清总蛋白（ＴＳＰ）、白蛋白（ＡＬ）、β－球蛋白（β－Ｇ）、谷丙转氨酶（ＧＰＴ）、血清甘油三酯（ＳＴＧ）、免疫球蛋白Ａ（ＩｇＡ）等含量的总体均数降低以及胆固醇（ＣＨＯ）含量总体均数升高的趋势,而生化指标的显著性水平受稀土背景区生物链中稀土含量和稀土组成以及人群性别制约,轻稀土背景区不同年龄段的人群备注保的某些生化指标总均数,如ＴＳＰ含量显示出男性群体受稀土影响可能是一个单向不可逆的过程,而女性群体则反映出受稀土影响后能产生自我修复的本能。     

男性不育患者精液白细胞、巨噬细胞与锌的研究

为探讨男性不育患者精液白细胞、巨噬细胞与锌的关系,研究测定了85例男性不育患者精液白细胞、巨噬细胞和精浆锌的含量.结果提示,不育男性中精液白细胞≥106/mL组与精浆锌之间有显著性差异（P＜0.01）：精浆锌含量与巨噬细胞阳性组差异有显著性（P＜0.05）,说明精液白细胞、巨噬细胞可能对精浆锌的含量有一定的影响.     

L-赖氨酸锌配合物致惊厥实验研究

为观察L－赖氨酸锌配合物是否具有致惊厥作用,选出了阈下剂量的化学致惊剂和电刺激强度,用小鼠进行了实验研究,结果表明,L－赖氨酸锌配合物无明显增强阈下剂量回苏灵和阈下电刺激小鼠致惊厥作用。     

白血病骨髓移植患者口腔黏膜病与微量元素锌的关系

为研究白血病骨髓移植患者全血微量元素锌与口腔黏膜病的关系，用原子吸收光谱法检测了正常对照组与白血病骨髓移患者预处理前及移植后骨髓空虚期全血微量元素锌的含量，并观察了白血病骨髓移植患者空黏膜病变情况。结果表明，正常对照组全血锌浓度与白血病骨髓移植患者预处理前全血锌浓度比较，差异无显著性（P＞0．05），而预处理前全血锌浓度与骨髓空虚期全血锌浓度有显著性差异（P＜0．01），白血病缓解后（预处理前）血锌接受正常水平，无口腔溃疡发生，而白血病骨髓移植患者处理后骨髓空虚期全血锌含量显著降低，并出现不同程度的口腔黏膜病变，说明预处理影响微量元素锌的代谢，微量元素锌的减少与白血病骨髓移植患者移植患者口腔黏膜病的发生有关。     

非靶向代谢组学用于藜芦妨害人参治疗脾气虚的机制研究

采用超高效液相色谱串联四级杆飞行时间质谱( UPLC/Q-TOF-MS)联用技术,通过非靶向代谢组学方法分析大鼠尿液内源性代谢物的变化,研究藜芦妨害人参发挥药效作用的机制。建立脾气虚大鼠模型,连续给药15天,测定力竭游泳时间及血液中白细胞、红细胞、血红蛋白的含量。结果表明,人参可显著提高脾气虚模型大鼠的力竭游泳时间(p﹤0.01),升高白细胞、红细胞及血红蛋白含量(p﹤0.05,p﹤0.01),藜芦对脾气虚模型大鼠各项指标无明显影响(p>0.05),人参与藜芦配伍后对脾气虚模型大鼠各项指标均无显著影响(p>0.05),表明藜芦妨害了人参发挥药效作用。采用UPLC/Q-TOF-MS技术及非靶向代谢组学的方法分析了空白组、模型组、人参组、藜芦组、参藜组对脾气虚模型大鼠的尿液代谢组差异,其中主成分分析( PCA)得分图显示各组代谢轮廓有显著差别,并通过正交偏最小二乘法-判别分析( OPLS-DA)及数据库检索,鉴定出15种人参干预调节脾气虚模型大鼠的潜在生物标志物,从中找出了7种人参藜芦配伍后减弱人参上述干预作用的潜在生物标志物,并对其涉及的代谢通路进行了系统分析。上述研究结果表明,人参藜芦配伍后妨害了人参对脾气虚模型大鼠的治疗作用,其机理可能是影响人参对体内能量代谢、免疫平衡及氧化还原反应等相关代谢的调节。     

两类手性PNA单体及其对映异构体的合成

分别以保护的Ｌ－和Ｄ－赖氨酸作为起始原料合成了两种类型的ＰＮＡ单体。在类型Ｉ中，碱基通过－ＣＨ２Ｃ（Ｏ）－间隔臂与赖氨酸的α－ＮＨ相连，而类型Ⅱ中，－Ｃ（Ｏ）－用作连接臂。     

南昌市城区416名儿童锌缺乏状况调查

为了解南昌市城区儿童锌缺乏状况，采集手指尖末梢血20μL用石墨炉原子吸收分光光度法测定全血锌浓度。以血锌值5.00μg/mL为正常下限。结果表明，该儿童人群血锌值呈非正态分布，样本中位数为5.659μg/mL，四分位数间距为Q3－Q1＝1．927。416名2－8岁儿童中男240人，女176人。锌缺乏人数134人，锌缺乏患病率35．80％。不同性别间血锌值无显著差异，而不同年龄间血锌值有显著差异，但未表现出与年龄呈正相关关系。提示南昌市城区儿童锌缺乏的发生率较高，应引起人们足够的重视。     

101600例0～17岁人群末梢血锌元素参考值研究

为确定我国0～17岁不同年龄段健康人群末梢血锌参考值范围,采用BH 5100型多通道火焰原子吸收光谱仪检测了全国8省份101 600例0～17岁人群全血锌元素含量,用百分位数法确定末梢血锌元素参考值范围.结果表明,不同年龄段人群末梢血锌元素参考值范围分别是:0岁～,38.38～80.06 μmol/L;1岁～,47.7...     

Solid‐state complexes of poly(L‐histidine) with metal chlorides from the first row of the d‐block

Solid‐state characterization of poly(L ‐histidine) was obtained via differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, optical microscopy, and infrared spectroscopy. The glass transition temperature of poly(L ‐histidine) is 169°C. This thermal transition has not been reported previously. Poly(L ‐histidine)'s T_g increases when complexes are produced with the following divalent transition metal chlorides: cobalt chloride hexahydrate, nickel chloride hexahydrate, copper chloride dihydrate, and anhydrous zinc chloride. At 10 mol % salt, nickel chloride increases T_g by 69°C. The enhancement in poly(L ‐histidine)'s T_g correlates well with ligand field stabilization energies for pseudo‐octahedral dⁿ complexes (n = 7, 8, and 10) from the first row of the d‐block. However, d⁹ copper(II) complexes do not conform to this empirical correlation. Infrared spectroscopic evidence indicates that these metal chlorides form complexes with the imidazole ring in the histidine side group and the amide group in the main chain of the polymer. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 37: 301–309, 1999     

Influence of heavy metals, especially lead, on lipid metabolism, serum alpha-tocopherol level, total antioxidant status, and erythrocyte redox status of copper smelter workers

An assessment of influence of the occupational exposure to heavy metals, especially lead, on serum lipids (including lipid peroxides), total antioxidant status, erythrocyte redox status, and serum alpha-tocopherol level was performed in a group of 141 healthy male copper smelter workers. The following parameters were measured: blood lead and cadmium levels, serum manganese, copper, zinc, calcium and magnesium levels, free erythrocyte protoporphyrins (FEP), total cholesterol, HDL₂-, HDL₃-cholesterol, triglycerides and lipid peroxides in serum, erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD_E), catalase (Cat_E) and glutathion peroxidase (PxGSH_E) activities, erythrocyte reduced glutathione level (GSH_E), serum alpha-tocopherol level, and serum total antioxidant status (TAS). Mean Pb_B was within the norm range (328.2 ± 141.7 μg/L), but mean Mn_S concentration slightly exceeded 10 μg/L (11.04 ± 3.79 μg/L). Mean cholesterol and triglycerides concentrations were near the highest borderline values. We found a significantly negative correlation between lead levels and HDL₃-cholesterol (r = 0.253, P < 0.05). Erythocyte catalase activity and TAS were lowered. TAS showed significant negative correlation with Pb_B. A group of workers with Pb_B≥ 400 μg/L had significantly lower Cat_E, lower TAS, and lower HDL₃-cholesterol, compared to the workers with Pb < 400 μg/L. We have also found positive correlation between alpha-tocopherol and total cholesterol (r = 0.267, P < 0.05) and between alpha-tocopherol and LDL-cholesterol (r = 0.207, P < 0.05).     

Influence of heavy metals, especially lead, on lipid metabolism, serum alpha-tocopherol level, total antioxidant status, and erythrocyte redox status of copper smelter workers

An assessment of influence of the occupational exposure to heavy metals, especially lead, on serum lipids (including lipid peroxides), total antioxidant status, erythrocyte redox status, and serum alpha-tocopherol level was performed in a group of 141 healthy male copper smelter workers. The following parameters were measured: blood lead and cadmium levels, serum manganese, copper, zinc, calcium and magnesium levels, free erythrocyte protoporphyrins (FEP), total cholesterol, HDL₂-, HDL₃-cholesterol, triglycerides and lipid peroxides in serum, erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD_E), catalase (Cat_E) and glutathion peroxidase (PxGSH_E) activities, erythrocyte reduced glutathione level (GSH_E), serum alpha-tocopherol level, and serum total antioxidant status (TAS). Mean Pb_B was within the norm range (328.2 ± 141.7 μg/L), but mean Mn_S concentration slightly exceeded 10 μg/L (11.04 ± 3.79 μg/L). Mean cholesterol and triglycerides concentrations were near the highest borderline values. We found a significantly negative correlation between lead levels and HDL₃-cholesterol (r = 0.253, P < 0.05). Erythocyte catalase activity and TAS were lowered. TAS showed significant negative correlation with Pb_B. A group of workers with Pb_B≥ 400 μg/L had significantly lower Cat_E, lower TAS, and lower HDL₃-cholesterol, compared to the workers with Pb < 400 μg/L. We have also found positive correlation between alpha-tocopherol and total cholesterol (r = 0.267, P < 0.05) and between alpha-tocopherol and LDL-cholesterol (r = 0.207, P < 0.05). Received: 28 July 1997 / Revised: 6 November 1997 / Accepted: 4 November 1997     

甘肃省裕固族地区部分7～13岁儿童智商与血清钙、镁、铁、锌、铜含量的相关分析

为了解甘肃省裕固族地区儿童智商发育及血清钙、镁、铁、锌、铜水平,收集可能影响儿童智力发育的资料,给相关研究提供科学依据,采用整群随机抽样的方法,抽取甘肃省张掖市肃南裕固族自治县的部分7~13岁儿童作为研究对象,自行设计问卷收集儿童信息、现场采用瑞文智力测试图谱对研究对象进行了智力测试,同时采集部分儿童指端末梢血,用原子吸收光谱仪测定了血钙、镁、铁、锌、铜水平,并做了相关性分析。结果表明,智商均值为(106.26±14.10)分,接近人群中等水平(90~109分);按年龄、民族和城乡出生地分组,13~14岁组与其他各年龄组间均存在统计学差异,7~9、10~12岁组内未发现统计学差异,组间存在部分统计学差异;非裕固族、城市儿童智商值高于裕固族、农村儿童,差异有统计学意义。全血5种元素测定结果:钙、镁、铁、锌、铜元素平均水平分别为:(2.02±0.58)mmol/L、(1.69±0.39)mmol/L、(8.67±2.01)mmol/L、(91.51±29.23)μmol/L、(17.05±6.13)μmol/L,均处于人群正常水平;各年龄组间比较,钙、锌、镁显示出统计学差异,其他元素及组间对比,均无统计学意义;按农村与城镇、裕固族与非裕固族分类,钙、镁、铁、锌、铜元素水平均未发现统计学差异;进一步按照智力等级进行相关性分析,显示锌的差别有统计学意义。提示与全国儿童智力发育水平相比,裕固族地区儿童IQ及血清钙、镁、铁、锌、铜元素平均水平接近人群正常水平,但智力与锌摄入水平存在统计学相关;城乡等社会因素与裕固族地区儿童智力相关性更大。     

组氨酸钴氧合配合物二聚体形态的电喷雾串联质谱验证研究

电喷雾质谱(ESI-MS)是一种软电离质谱技术,已在配合物的结构和机理的研究中显示了重要的作用。本文根据组氨酸钴(CoL2)(L=组氨酸)对分子氧活性很高,极易生成双核氧合配合物(CoL2-O2-CoL2)的特点,采用ESI-MS方法研究了组氨酸钴氧合物(CoL2-O2-CoL2)和组氨酸配合物ML2(M=Cu、Zn)。结果发现,质谱图中在相应于双核氧合配合物的高质荷比端(m/z>ML2),CoL2出现质谱峰,而组氨酸配合物ML2(M=Cu、Zn)在质谱图中高质荷比端没有出现质谱峰,只有配合物ML2的相关峰;这个结果证明了文献报道中的双核氧合配合物(CoL2-O2-CoL2)的存在,根据所得质谱结果,初步研究了组氨酸钴双核氧合配合物和ML2配合物的裂解规律。结果表明,可根据质谱数据中有无二聚体形态,做出Co配合物有无吸氧性能的初步判断,因此电喷雾质谱(ESI-MS)可做为研究Co配合物氧合反应和表征Co氧合配合物的有效分析手段。     

Carboxymethyl poly(L‐histidine) as a new pH‐sensitive polypeptide at endosomal/lysosomal pH

A carboxymethyl poly(L ‐histidine) has been synthesized as a new pH‐sensitive polypeptide at endosomal/lysosomal pH. Because of its poor water solubility at physiological pH, an application of poly(L ‐histidine) with a pK_a around 6.0 has been limited in spite of the native possession of the pH‐dependent property change at endosomal pH. Although the unmodified poly(L ‐histidine) suddenly precipitates out of the aqueous medium above pH 6.0 as the result of the deprotonation of the imidazole groups, the water solubility of the resulting carboxymethyl poly(L ‐histidine) has been improved at physiological pH. A solution turbidity measurement proved that no significant effect on a rapid aggregate formation or phase separation of serum proteins is induced by carboxymethyl poly(L ‐histidine). Hemolysis assay showed that the carboxymethyl poly(L ‐histidine) enhances membrane disruptive ability at endosomal/lysosomal pH. The cellular uptake of luciferase in the presence of the carboxymethyl poly(L ‐histidine) increases intracellular luciferase activity, which suggests that the carboxymethyl poly(L ‐histidine) makes the luciferase escape from lysosomal degradation. The carboxymethyl poly(L ‐histidine) would be the fundamental compound for designing various drug carriers with the pH sensitivity at endosomal/lysosomal pH. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.