用有限元法分析多波导耦合系统本征模的模式特性

本文应用有限元法(FEM),计算和分析了多波导耦合系统的本征模(超模)的模式特性及其变化规律,得到了强度均匀分布的基超模,克服了微扰理论计算这类问题的局限性.     

带FCI液态包层的MHD效应及热变形模拟

本文结合CFD与FEM方法,对国际热核聚变实验堆(ITER)的双冷锂铅(DCLL)包层进行了"磁-热-流-固"多物理耦合场的三维数值模拟.基于电势方法,采用PISO算法和相容守恒格式求解了包含Lorentz力的不可压Navier-Stokes方程。应用有限元方法分析了DCLL包层关键部件流道插件(FCI)在热场和磁场耦合作用下的热应力.利用多物理场的顺序耦合算法获得了在强磁场作用下,包层内金属流体的压力、速度和温度分布,研究了各种厚度和导电率的FCI对于包层内MHD效应和传热性能的影响。     

基于有限单元法和计算流体动力学的光机热集成仿真分析研究

使用计算流体动力学、传热学、固体弹性力学和光学的多物理场耦合集成仿真分析技术完成了红外热像仪中光机的热特性与热设计研究.采用有限单元法(Finite Element Method,FEM)和计算流体动力学(Computational Fluid Dynamics,CFD)得到了光机内部的温度场、应力变形分布及光学件面形...     

双面爆炸焊接的数值模拟

双面爆炸焊接一次起爆可同时焊接两组复合板,而且使炸药临界厚度显著降低,提高了炸药的能量利用率,解决了爆炸焊接现存的高噪低效问题。借助ANSYS/LS-DYNA动力学分析软件,运用光滑粒子流体动力学方法(SPH)与有限元(FEM)耦合算法,对双面爆炸焊接进行了三维数值模拟,并将模拟结果与实验结果和理论计算结果进行了对比。结果表明,数值模拟结果与实验结果较吻合,且与Deribas的理论计算结果一致性较好,说明Deribas公式和SPH-FEM耦合方法对双面爆炸焊接具有较好的指导意义。     

基于桥域理论的Cu单晶纳米切削跨尺度仿真研究

桥域方法是一种典型的跨尺度仿真研究方法.基于桥域理论,本文分析了原子和连续介质耦合区域的处理问题,即在耦合区采用不同的权重计算系统的能量,通过Lagrange乘子法对原子和连续介质位移进行约束.采用桥域方法,建立了单晶Cu米纳切削的跨尺度仿真模型,获得了单晶Cu纳米切削的材料变形机理.同时,研究了不同切削速度对纳米切削过程和原子受力分布的影响,仿真结果表明:随着切削速度的提高,切削区原子所受的力值增大,切屑变形系数减小,已加工表面变质层厚度增加.本文基于桥域理论,实现了Cu单晶纳米切削跨尺度的建模和仿真, 关键词： 桥域法 纳米切削 单晶Cu 切削速度     

介质加载型表面等离子体波导中发光粒子的自发辐射特性

研究了介质加载型表面等离子体(DLSPP)波导中发光粒子的自发辐射特性。通过经典偶极子近似,给出了发光粒子在SPP波导任意位置处的自发辐射速率与自发辐射耦合成表面等离子体(SPP)导波模概率的计算方法;采用有限元法(FEM)模拟计算了单模DLSPP波导中若丹明6G(R6G)发光粒子的自发辐射速率和自发辐射耦合成SPP模式的概率。模拟结果表明,在DLSPP波导中,当发光粒子距金属界面较近时,自发辐射速率大幅增强,当远离金属界面时,自发辐射速率降低并趋于真空中的值;同时,DLSPP波导中发光粒子自发辐射耦合成SPP模式的概率也与其位置相关,当处在波导截面中心位置时,自发辐射耦合成SPP导波模的概率可高达70%。基于上述模拟结果,指出通过优化发光粒子在截面上的掺杂分布,可以提高截面上平均粒子数反转度,也可以提高截面上发光粒子自发辐射耦合成SPP导波模的总效率。     

有限元分析法在SOI基微环谐振器设计中的应用

利用有限元法(FEM)分析了大横截面SOI(Silicon-on-insulator)脊型波导的本征模式分布,确定了脊型波导的单模条件。在保证单模传输的情况下,模拟了SOI微环谐振器中波导耦合器的耦合长度、功率耦合系数与波导尺寸和间距的关系。模拟结果表明:对于W=1μm,H=2μm的SOI脊型波导耦合器,耦合长度LC随波导间距d的增加而增大,功率耦合系数随之减小。在波导间距d0.8μm的情况下,耦合长度LC随着归一化脊高r的增加而增大,当d0.8μm时,耦合长度LC随r的增加而减小。模拟结果为SOI微环谐振器的设计和应用提供了理论依据。     

在ICP-AES中载气在电离和激发过程中的作用

电感耦合等离子体作为发射光谱光源,具有许多优点,使它得到了普遍的应用。但由于它的发展历史还不长,对其机理和应用方面的研究及优良特性尚待进一步挖掘,随着这些研究工作的进展,将会进一步促进电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)技术的发展。众所周知,ICP光源的灵敏度较经典的电弧、火花光源高(尤其离子线)。这个事实,只用光源温度模型(ICP通道的温度与     

基于FEM/SPH算法弹丸侵彻多孔陶瓷板的数值模拟

基于军用人员运输和弹药运输车辆对小型动能弹的防护需求,多孔板作为新型防护装甲可以在保证防护作用的前提下实现装甲防护轻量化。关于陶瓷多孔板的装甲防护性能研究较少。基于LS-DYNA 3D软件,应用FEM/SPH耦合算法对弹丸侵彻不同形状(三角形、圆形、正方形)孔结构的AD95陶瓷多孔板进行了数值模拟。通过计算得出不同形状多孔板的相对防护系数,比较弹丸的剩余速度及动能,可以优选出防护性能最佳、质量更轻的多孔板。研究发现,圆孔板抗弹性能最优,并且FEM/SPH耦合算法能形象地模拟陶瓷的开裂、飞溅现象,与实际情况吻合更好。     

定向碳纳米管/橡胶复合材料导热性能研究

基于连续介质理论建立了定向碳纳米管/橡胶(CNTs/Rubber)复合材料的代表体积元(RVE)模型,借助有限元方法(FEM)进行数值计算获得复合材料的等效热导率。将数值计算结果与Nielsen模型与Ce-WenNan模型预测值对比,验证了模型的有效性。基于此模型研究了CNTs体积分数及界面热阻对复合材料导热性能的影响。研究发现,在低填充量(0.2%~1%)下,复合材料的热导率随着填充量的增加而增大,且增大幅度随着体积分数的增大而逐渐减小;界面热阻的存在阻碍了CNTs与橡胶基体之间的热传递,对复合材料的热导率有很大的影响,另外在不同体积分数下,随着界面热阻的增大,复合材料热导率都先开始减小,当界面热阻降低到一定大小时,复合材料的热导率随着界面热阻的增大都基本保持不变。     

A multiscale coupling method for the modeling of dynamics of solids with application to brittle cracks

We present a multiscale model for numerical simulations of dynamics of crystalline solids. The method combines the continuum nonlinear elasto-dynamics model, which models the stress waves and physical loading conditions, and molecular dynamics model, which provides the nonlinear constitutive relation and resolves the atomic structures near local defects. The coupling of the two models is achieved based on a general framework for multiscale modeling – the heterogeneous multiscale method (HMM). We derive an explicit coupling condition at the atomistic/continuum interface. Application to the dynamics of brittle cracks under various loading conditions is presented as test examples.     

纳米接触行为的三维多尺度数值模拟

应用分子动力学与有限元耦合的桥域多尺度算法,模拟三维刚性球形压头与光滑基体表面的纳米尺度接触行为,并与全原子分子模拟结果比较.考察在一定载荷下的系统弛豫行为、两种模型桥接区位移和应力的连续性、法向力和接触面积随压头位移变化等,结果表明:一定外载荷下,桥域多尺度算法能较快达到平衡状态,且压头的振荡幅度更小,系统初始温度为0 K时该算法的相对误差最小.在准静态加载过程中,该算法能够将原子区的位移、应力等连续的过渡到连续介质区,具有较好的耦合效果;法向力-压头位移和接触半径-压头位移曲线几乎与分子模拟结果重合,表明算法具有较高的计算精度.     

激光辐照受拉铝板破坏行为的时空多尺度数值模拟

推导耦合过渡区内参变量信息交换的元/网格动量传递多尺度算法,建立离散元与有限元耦合时空多尺度计算模型,并应用于激光辐照下受拉铝板破坏行为的数值模拟中.通过对比有限元计算模型、空间多尺度计算模型与时空多尺度计算模型在激光辐照下受拉铝板破坏算例的模拟结果,验证离散元与有限元耦合时空多尺度计算模型的准确性和数值计算高效率优势.使用该多尺度计算模型从宏观和细观尺度对铝板破坏行为进行数值模拟,模拟结果与实验结果基本一致.     

半径渐变同轴波导模式耦合系数研究

 为了用耦合波理论研究一些同轴结构的高频特性，推导了半径渐变同轴波导内模式耦合系数的计算公式，发现半径渐变圆波导模式耦合系数只是同轴波导模式耦合系数的特例。对同轴波导中的模式及其本征方程根的特点进行了讨论，通过建立同轴波导模式和矩形波导模式之间的对应关系，给出了同轴波导模式本征方程根的快速计算方法。对所给模式耦合系数公式进行了验证，耦合波理论计算结果与有限元方法计算结果吻合良好。     

A hybrid approach for predicting the distribution of vibro-acoustic energy in complex built-up structures

Finding the distribution of vibro-acoustic energy in complex built-up structures in the mid-to-high frequency regime is a difficult task. In particular, structures with large variation of local wavelengths and/or characteristic scales pose a challenge referred to as the mid-frequency problem. Standard numerical methods such as the finite element method (FEM) scale with the local wavelength and quickly become too large even for modern computer architectures. High frequency techniques, such as statistical energy analysis (SEA), often miss important information such as dominant resonance behavior due to stiff or small scale parts of the structure. Hybrid methods circumvent this problem by coupling FEM/BEM and SEA models in a given built-up structure. In the approach adopted here, the whole system is split into a number of subsystems that are treated by either FEM or SEA depending on the local wavelength. Subsystems with relative long wavelengths are modeled using FEM. Making a diffuse field assumption for the wave fields in the short wave length components, the coupling between subsystems can be reduced to a weighted random field correlation function. The approach presented results in an SEA-like set of linear equations that can be solved for the mean energies in the short wavelength subsystems.     

Perfect Narrow-Band Absorber of Monolayer Borophene in All-Dielectric Grating Based on Quasi-Bound State in the Continuum

Borophene has the unique optical properties of two-dimensional materials and its own anisotropic characteristics. This work proposes a perfect narrow-band absorption structure to enhance the interaction of light with the monolayer borophene inserted into two different dielectric gratings. The structure efficiently improves absorption efficiency based on the quasi-bound states in the continuum (Q-BIC). The absorption characteristics are numerically simulated and theoretically analyzed by using the rigorous coupled-wave analysis (RCWA) method and the finite element method (FEM). The absorption efficiency of the monolayer borophene is high, up to 99.18% with a full-width at half maximum (FWHW) of 0.62 nm, achieving nearly perfect narrow-band absorption. Moreover, the mechanism of enhanced absorption of monolayer borophene is verified by the coupled mode theory (CMT), which indicates that the nearly perfect absorption is also derived from the critical coupling. At the same time, the influence of the thickness and width of the two layer dielectric structure on the absorption efficiency is theoretically analyzed. Furthermore, due to the anisotropic optical properties of the structure for TE and TM polarized light, a narrow-band polarization plate or sensor can be realized. The structure designed provides a new possibility to enhance the interaction between monolayer borophene and light.     

SPH/FEM耦合算法在陶瓷复合靶抗侵彻数值模拟中的应用

在SPH/FEM耦合算法程序中引入了陶瓷和金属材料的本构模型,对钨合金长杆弹侵彻陶瓷复合靶开展了数值模拟。给出了侵彻过程的物理图像,并分析了陶瓷靶的抗侵彻机理。对不同入射速度下的计算结果和实验结果进行了对比,计算得到的侵彻深度和实验值比较一致,验证了耦合算法的有效性。     

Modeling of an air-backed diaphragm in dynamic pressure sensors: Effects of the air cavity

As the key structure of most dynamic pressure sensors, a diaphragm backed by an air cavity plays a critical role in the determination of sensor performance metrics. In this paper, we investigate the influence of air cavity length on the sensitivity and bandwidth. A continuum mechanics model neglecting the air viscous effect is first developed to capture the structural–acoustic coupling between a clamped circular diaphragm and a cylindrical backing air cavity. To facilitate sensor design, close-form approximations are obtained to calculate the static sensitivity and the fundamental natural frequency of the air-backed diaphragm. Parametric studies based on this analytical model show that the air cavity can change both the effective mass and the effective stiffness of the diaphragm. One new finding is that the natural frequency of the air-backed diaphragm behaves differently in three different cavity length ranges. In particular, due to the mass effect of the air cavity being dominant, it is shown for the first time that the natural frequency decreases when the cavity length decreases below a critical value in the short cavity range. Furthermore, a finite element method (FEM) model is developed to validate the continuum mechanics model and to study the damping effect of the air cavity. These results provide important design guidelines for dynamic pressure sensors with air-backed diaphragms.     

耦合FE/WB法在声分析中的应用

简要描叙FE法(finite element method)和WB法(wave based method)的理论背景以及耦合FE/WB法的数学基础.耦合FE/WB法利用两者的优势——FE法的广泛应用和WB法的高收敛特性,将FE模型中较大且几何简单的部分采用WB法代替.耦合模型具有相对较少的自由度.对于较高的频率还可以进行细分得到更高的计算精度,并利用模态缩减法进一步减少自由度数.数值算例结果表明,该耦合方法有潜力覆盖中频段的声分析.     

Über das Wechselverhältnis von Kontinuumsmechanik und Strukturphysik fester Körper

The current situation, trends and possibilities in Continuum Mechanics are reviewed. Special attention is given to its application in solid state physics as well on a phenomenological as on the microscopic scale. Current problems in Micromechanics of solids, such as mechanical interactions of defects near surfaces and interfaces and interfaces are dealt with. Recent investigations on the generalized J-integral concepts in fracture mechanics are discussed too. The paper gives some information on new trends of micromechanics towards micromechanics towards micro-continuum-thermodynamics. Some remarks are presented concerning stress-assisted diffusion phenomena as a special case of the generalized mechanics of diffusion. The possibilities of the powerfull finite element method (FEM) in micromechanics of continuous media are spoken about. The interrelation between continuum mechanics and quantum mechanics is discussed about, the possibility of quantum states of cracks too.