频率可调的双路相位编码微波信号系统

提出一种在单输入情况下同时产生两路任意相位编码微波信号的方法,不仅可以保证编码信号180°的相移,还可实现编码信号的频率大范围调谐.建立由一个双平行马赫曾德调制器和一个保偏布拉格光栅组成的系统,激光输入双平行马赫曾德调制器调制后,通过保偏布拉格光栅与偏振分束器的共同作用产生两路偏振正交的±2阶边带.其中一对边带经过相位调制器调制后与另一对耦合,最后输出两个光电探测器拍频得到高频率、低噪声的相位编码微波信号.仿真结果表明,通过调节驱动信号的频率,可得到5～100 GHz的一系列四倍频相位编码微波信号.还原的相位信息与脉冲压缩比均和理论值吻合,证明了所提方法具有良好的脉冲压缩性能.     

自动补偿高效的差分相位编码QKD系统

提出一种自动补偿高效实用的改进型差分相位编码量子密钥分发方案.在Alice端采用偏振型强度调制器对连续激光进行调制，产生任意个相干脉冲进行差分相位调制编码；在Bob端采用双FM干涉仪代替传统的M-Z干涉仪，自动补偿了环境引起的偏振抖动，提高了系统的干涉稳定度.简化了系统的结构，提高了密钥生成效率，增强了系统的安全性.在实验上实现了稳定的80km量子密钥分配，误码率<4%. 关键词： 量子保密通信 量子密钥分发 差分相位编码 偏振型强度调制器     

反射式电光调制非互易相位调制器设计

基于反射式电光相位调制原理与偏振器、法拉第旋光器结合,提出了一种用于光纤环形干涉仪的非互易相位调制方案.其结构利用铌酸锂晶体不同切向电光特性,构成环形干涉仪上顺逆两束可调相位干涉信号,特别是引入信号能量损耗较小的全反射棱镜,实现非互易相位调制,有效降低了相位调制器半波电压.实验测得反射(调制两次)结构相位调制半波电压比...     

星间微波光子链路调制方式的优化

针对外调制星间微波光子链路输出信噪比优化问题,建立了基于双电极马赫 曾德尔调制器的强度调制直接探测星间微波光子链路模型,通过优化调制器调制方式来提高链路性能。用数值模拟方法得到了单边带、双边带和推挽式3种调制方式下链路输出信噪比,利用曲面投影法求得了最优调制方式时一定信噪比要求下发射端所需最小光放大器增益和对应的调制器直流偏置相位。结果表明:相同输入射频信号功率和发射光功率情况下,双边带调制输出信噪比比单边带调制高3 dB,低直流偏置相位推挽调制可以进一步优化输出信噪比。输入射频信号功率为-20 dBm,输出信噪比为17.3 dB时,所需最小光放大器增益为43.9 dB,对应的直流偏置相位为0.87。     

相位调制量子密钥分配实验系统研制

中国科学技术大学量子信息重点实验室建立了一套量子密钥分配实验装置.该系统用强衰减850nm脉冲激光器作为单光子光源;编码方式以不等臂M-Z干涉仪为基础的相位调制法;相位调制基于自制的压电陶瓷环控制的全光纤相调制器;探测器采用EG&G公司生产的SPCM-AQR集成单光子计数模块,其最大暗计数小于50/S.     

基于双通道马赫曾德尔调制器调制边带滤波的微波光子移相器

提出了一种基于双通道马赫曾德尔调制器(DPMZM)调制边带滤波的微波光子移相器。在双通道马赫曾德尔调制器的结构中,在一路马赫曾德尔干涉仪上实现抑制光载波的双边带调制输出,而在另一路马赫曾德尔的相位调节臂上通过调节偏置电压实现光载波信号的光学移相,两路光信号经过干涉合路后由光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)滤除其中一个一阶边带,最后输入到光电探测器(PD)进行光电转换得到移相的微波信号。实验结果表明,基于DPMZM调制边带滤波的微波光子移相器具有传输特性稳定、输出幅度波动小的优点。该结构还具有相移调节响应速度快、应用频带宽以及移相范围大于360°等特点。     

基于偏振叠加和干涉两种方法的可控光脉冲延时器

可控的光信号延时在科研和通信领域有着广泛的应用.本文提出了两种可控光脉冲延时器的方案,分别基于偏振叠加和干涉原理.通过相位调制器的调制将光脉冲约束在一个环路中,需要时再释放,以达到光脉冲延时的目的.调节环路的长度和循环的次数便可以实现延时时间的可控.这两种方案均可以应用于全光纤光路中,通过集成光学技术可以实现微小尺寸的封装.基于偏振叠加的方案还可以方便地应用于自由空间光延时. 关键词： 光延时 可控 偏振 干涉     

基于相位调制偏振态QKD系统的量子信道校正发送方案

提出了一种基于相位调制偏振态QKD系统的量子信道校正发送的新方案—采用波导型相位调制器研制成电控连续可调光学相移器,它可随相位调制器输入电压的连续改变而产生连续的相移,从而控制输出的偏振态;在其前放置一个半波片,即可校正接收端偏振态量子态在信道中所发生的改变,从而保证信道传送密钥的可用性.通过理论推导和实验研究验证了基于相位调制偏振态QKD系统的量子信道校正发送方案的核心部件的可行性.由于本方案能实现高速调制（GHz）,为解决光纤传输的偏振编码QKD系统中偏振态漂移问题提供了一种新的途径.     

压电式光纤相位调制器相移系数测试

介绍了压电式光纤相位调制器的相移系数理论公式,提出了基于杨氏双缝干涉原理的相移系数测量方法。对测量方法的可行性进行分析,通过实验对测量方法进行了验证。实际研制了一个基于压电陶瓷环的光纤相位调制器件,实验测得的相移系数与理论分析结果基本一致。利用研制的压电式光纤相位调制器实现了两路准直光束之间的相位锁定,在远场实现了相干合成,干涉条纹可见度从3%提升至43%。     

单极型马赫-曾德尔调制器的互调失真分析

针对单极型马赫曾德尔电光调制器在Radio over Fiber(RoF)和副载波复用系统中的应用,讨论了输入两路射频信号的情形,给出了电光调制器互调失真的严格通用解析解。该解析解可用于表示任意阶的互调失真项和谐波项。数值结果表明了该解析解的正确性。分析结果表明,调制器的三阶互调失真与调制器偏置相移无关,只与输入射频信号的调制系数有关,并且当外加偏置电压等于调制器的半波电压时,只存在偶数阶的失真项。根据该解析解,可方便地设计模拟光通信系统,精确地预计外调制器的非线性特征,优化系统性能。     

Proposal for photonic quantization with differential encoding using a phase modulator and delay-line interferometers

A photonic quantization approach to implementing analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) in the optical domain with differential encoding employing a phase modulator and delay-line interferometers (DLIs) is proposed and demonstrated. In the proposed ADC system, the phase-modulated signal is sent to an array of DLIs that have identical time delay difference, but different phase shifts, which are employed to achieve quantization with differential encoding. A proof-of-concept experiment is performed. The quantization of a 10 GHz sinusoidal signal with a bit length of 4 is experimentally demonstrated.     

基于受激布里渊散射的宽带宽和高精度的微波频率瞬时测量

提出了一种基于受激布里渊散射效应的瞬时频率测量方法.未知信号经过强度调制作为泵浦光,矢量网络分析仪产生的信号经过相位调制作为扫描信号光,当泵浦光和扫描信号光之间满足相位匹配条件时,受激布里渊散射效应发生并实现相位调制到强度调制的转换,未知信号的频率被测量.实验验证可以测量0.5 GHz-27 GHz的微波信号的频率,最大误差小于20 MHz.     

Photonic instantaneous microwave frequency measurement based on two different phase modulation to intensity modulation conversions

A novel photonic technique for instantaneous frequency measurement of microwave signal based on phase modulation to intensity modulation conversion is proposed and demonstrated. In the proposed system, an optical carrier is modulated by a microwave signal with its frequency to be measured through a phase modulator. The phase-modulated optical signal is then converted to intensity-modulated signals in two independent paths using a dispersive media and a frequency discriminator respectively. Since the dependence of the received microwave power on the input microwave frequency in the two paths differs, the microwave power ratio between the two paths can be used to uniquely determine the microwave frequency. The major advantages of the approach lie in that only one laser source and the bias-free phase modulator is employed in the system, which improves the stability of the system. Experimental demonstrations of the frequency measurement based on the proposed approach are presented.     

Investigation of high-speed optical FSK generation scheme based on carrier suppression and phase modulation

We propose and numerically investigate a novel high-speed (40-Gb/s and above) optical frequency shift-keying (FSK) transmitter scheme. By optical carrier-suppressed modulation and differential phase-shift-keying (DPSK) to intensity modulation (IM) conversion, only one light source is needed in the proposed scheme to generate high-speed optical FSK signals. By using a Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) as phase modulator and an additional delay interferometer (DI) cascaded after the carrier-suppressed MZM to suppress the remaining carrier, the performance of our scheme can compete with the double-light-source counterparts. The transmission performances of the FSK signal generated with the proposed scheme as well as detuning and bandwidth tolerance of the demodulation filter are also carefully investigated. Simulation results show that the proposed FSK generation scheme is very suitable for the next-generation optical access network and optical label switching network. A potential application of our scheme in high-speed passive optical network is proposed.     

Silicon slow-light-based photonic mixer for microwave-frequency conversion applications

We describe and demonstrate experimentally a method for photonic mixing of microwave signals by using a silicon electro-optical Mach-Zehnder modulator enhanced via slow-light propagation. Slow light with a group index of ~11, achieved in a one-dimensional periodic structure, is exploited to improve the upconversion performance of an input frequency signal from 1 to 10.25 GHz. A minimum transmission point is used to successfully demonstrate the upconversion with very low conversion losses of ~7 dB and excellent quality of the received I/Q modulated QPSK signal with an optimum EVM of ~8%.     

Photonic microwave phase shifter/modulator based on a nonlinear optical loop mirror incorporating a Mach-Zehnder interferometer

We realize a novel photonic microwave phase shifter/modulator based on a nonlinear optical loop mirror incorporating a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. A near-linear phase shifter exceeding 180 degrees and a phase modulation with 2.5 Gbit/s baseband signal are obtained for a 10 GHz microwave signal by this proposed device.     

Microwave photonic filter with negative coefficients based on counter-phase modulation using a single electro-optic phase modulator

A simple photonic approach is proposed for the implementation of a reconfigurable multi-tap microwave filter with negative coefficients. In this scheme, a dual-optical-input intensity modulation module which can perform counter-phase modulation is constructed using a single electro-optic phase modulator. Two inter-complementary microwave signals are experimentally obtained for verification of the function of counter-phase modulation. A reconfigurable four-tap microwave filter with two negative coefficients is implemented by experiment.     

Optical Heterodyne Impulse-Response Measurement of Lithium Tantalate Phase Modulator Driven by Wideband Frequency Signal

In this paper, we describe a novel optical heterodyne interferometer for characterizing phase modulation systems including a lithium tantalate phase modulator. A wideband random signal is imposed on the modulator so that the resultant beat photocurrent is modulated in phase at random. The cross-power spectrum of the fluctuating phase with the wideband random signal driving the modulator is computed to give the transfer function and the impulse response of the phase modulation system. The frequency and time response of the phase modulation are measured up to 15 MHz in a practical experiment.     

Photonic approach to the measurement of time-difference-of-arrival and angle-of-arrival of a microwave signal

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a photonic approach to the measurement of the time-difference-of-arrival (TDOA) and the angle-of-arrival (AOA) of a microwave signal. In the proposed system, the TDOA and the AOA are equivalently converted into a phase shift between two replicas of a microwave signal received at two cascaded modulators. The light wave from a CW laser is externally modulated by the microwave signal at the first modulator, which is biased to suppress the optical carrier, leading to the generation of two first-order sidebands, which are further modulated by the phase-delayed microwave signal at the second modulator. Two optical components at the carrier wavelength are generated. The total power at the carrier wavelength is a function of the phase shift due to the coherent interference between the two components. Thus, by measuring the optical power, the phase shift is estimated. The AOA is calculated from the measured phase shifts. In our experiment, the phase shift of a microwave signal at 18 GHz from -160° to 40° is measured with measurement errors of less than ±2.5°.     

All-optical switchable UWB pulses generation,modulation and transmission

We proposed and demonstrated all-optical polarity- and shape-switchable ultrawideband (UWB) Gaussian pulses generation schemes using a single polarization interferometer (PI) or a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) cascaded by a PI. When an optical signal with dark return-to-zero (RZ) format propagates directly through a single PI, a pair of polarity-reversed UWB monocycle pulses and a positive UWB doublet pulse is acquired respectively only by adjusting the polarization controllers, without changing the bias of the intensity modulator. If a SOA is connected at the input of the PI to firstly implement the first-order differential function to the input dark RZ pulse utilizing gain saturation effect of the SOA, both polarity- and shape-switchable UWB Gaussian monocycle and doublet pulses are all acquired from the cascaded system. Moreover, if a nonreturn-to-zero control signal is introduced into the SOA, utilizing the cross-gain modulation (XGM) effect of the SOA and the differential characteristic of PI, all-optical shape modulation to UWB signals can be realized, and the polarity of the modulated UWB pulses can also be switched. Also, UWB signal transmission characteristics in fiber link were investigated.